Active clinical trials for "Avitaminosis"

The objectives in this study are to provide information on the efficacy of transdermal supplement patches on treating nutrient malabsorption and deficiency in post-op bariatric patients, and to determine short-term body composition, HbA1c and fasting plasma glucose outcomes for patients after bariatric surgery.

People with heart failure may have low magnesium and low vitamin D levels. They may also have abnormally high levels of parathyroid hormones. Magnesium and vitamin D are important chemicals that are not routinely measured in blood tests. We are studying how many people with heart failure have low levels of magnesium and vitamin D. We are also studying how many people with heart failure have overactive parathyroid glands and if that is related to their vitamin D levels.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as any degree of glucose intolerance with the onset or first recognition during pregnancy. The prevalence of GDM varies from 1-14% due to its variability worldwide, depending on the ethnicity, race, and the diagnostic criteria being applied by each country. In addition to this, approximately 7% of all pregnancies are affected by GDM, ending up more than 200,000 women with GDM per year. A recent study of literature research indicated that Middle East and North Africa had the highest prevalence (median, 12.9%) while Europe had the lowest prevalence (median, 5.8%) in the world. In Turkey the prevalence of GDM ranges between 4-10%, based on the reports in different studies. As a growing health concern, GDM has been associated with short and long-term detrimental health outcomes for women and their offspring. Maternal adverse effects of GDM are preeclampsia, elevated risk of development of hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), urinary tract infection and comorbidities following delivery. Macrosomia, neonatal jaundice, birth trauma, respiratory distress syndrome, hypoglycemia are included in short term consequence for the neonates whereas risk for development of impaired glucose tolerance, T2DM, obesity, vascular disorders are long term adverse effects on infant's health. The known risk factors for GDM include family history of T2DM, maternal overweight and obesity, advanced maternal age, history of GDM, having macrosomic infant previously, prior fetal death, and race/ethnicity. In addition to these risk factors, recent studies have been suggested that maternal vitamin D deficiency may be associated with a higher risk of GDM. Vitamin D deficiency during the pregnancy has been associated with adverse outcomes for the pregnant women, such as gestational diabetes mellitus, urinary tract infection, preeclampsia, caesarean section during labour [25]. Furthermore, infants born to mothers with lower vitamin D levels have been found to be associated with elevated risk of small for gestational age, low birth weight in the neonatal period, increased risk for cardiovascular disease, respiratory illnesses, type 2 diabetes mellitus in childhood and adulthood. The aim of this study was to compare the serum 25(OH)D levels of women with and without gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and identify the serum 25(OH)D level associated with GDM during pregnancy.

The purpose of this study is to determine if there is correlation between Vitamin D deficiency and spinal disease/spinal fusion surgery.

This study will encompass an analysis of an eventual association between vitamin D status (maternal during pregnancy, at birth or at 5 years) and hand grip strength at 5 years in children from Odense Child Cohort. Odense Child Cohort is a large-scale, prospective, population-based, follow-up study. Mothers and their children born from January 2010 to December 2012 and resident in the Municipality of Odense, Denmark, are followed from early pregnancy up to adulthood. Data is obtained from questionnaires and medical records and venous blood samples were drawn and stored at a biological bank. Low muscle strength in children has been linked to adiposity, cardiovascular disease and metabolic risk factors and low muscle strength in adolescence has been shown to be a risk factor of early adulthood mortality. There are not many studies on muscle strength in small children. There is some evidence of vitamin D concentrations in the blood having a positive correlation to upper body muscle strength in adolescent girls. Hypovitaminosis D defined as serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D <50nmol/L was evident in 27,8% of the pregnant women and 47,7% of the new-born children in Odense Child Cohort. Animal studies have shown an effect of vitamin D on regulation of muscle function and development. Studies on humans adults have shown that vitamin D deficiency can lead to myopathy. Myopathy in children as a result of hypovitaminosis D is not well-studied. Given the high prevalence of hypovitaminosis D, mild or severe vitamin D-associated myopathy may be prevalent in preschool children. The objectives of this study are 1) to create reference values and determine predictors of hand grip strength at five years, 2) to analyze the associations between vitamin D at different time points and hand grip strength at 5 years.

Obesity is a chronic disease in which accumulation of excess body fat can result in impaired health. In cases of severe obesity, weight loss surgery can be necessary as a treatment. There are different forms of surgery but the common basic principle is to restrict food intake and decrease the absorption of food in the stomach and intestines. As a consequence, there is a higher risk of developing nutrient deficiency after surgery and supplementation of protein, vitamins, and minerals can be necessary. This study evaluates intakes of protein, vitamins, and minerals in patients with weight loss surgery and compares them to recommended intakes. Further, this study looks at the role of age, sex, and socioeconomic status in this context.

This clinical study is designed to evaluate difference in the AUC of the absorption of Multivitamin and minerals defined in the protocol

This study aims to compare the acute effect of consuming milk and butter fortified with either vitamin D3 or 25 (OH) D3 on serum/plasma vitamin D status in humans. In addition, the effect of vitamin D3 or 25 (OH) D3 in milk and butter on certain CVD risk markers and cognitive function will be examined.

Older adults are susceptible to vitamin and mineral deficiencies for a variety of reasons and have an increased demand for many of these micronutrients. Multivitamin/multimineral supplement offer a simple way for adults to improve nutrient intake, but their ability to measurably affect micronutrient status in older adults has never been explored. This study intends to recruit healthy, non-smoking men aged 65 years or older. After meeting entry criteria, subjects will be required to restrict the use of supplements and/or fortified foods. Two months after these restrictions have begun, subjects will come to the clinical research center to take cognitive tests, undergo activity monitoring, provide blood samples for nutrition testing, and take food frequency questionnaires. Subjects will then be randomized into one of two groups - one consuming a multivitamin/multimineral supplement (Centrum Silver Mens Formula); another consuming an inert placebo tablet. Subjects will consume 1 tablet each day for six months. After this period, subjects will return to the clinical research center and repeat cognitive tests, activity monitor, blood sampling, and food frequency questionnaires. These data will be assessed to determine if multivitamin consumption results in changes in various nutrients versus taking a placebo (primary outcomes), and may results in changes lipid and lipoprotein profiles, metabolic health, inflammation, blood pressure or cognitive function (secondary outcomes). The investigators expect that results of this study will add to the general understanding if multivitamin/multimineral formulas can improve nutrition status of older adults, and therefore have the capacity of altering markers of health.

The objectives of the MEDIAN study are to evaluate the short-term and long-term safety and nutritional benefits of Metanx® versus placebo in subjects with mild to moderate diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). Short-term effects will be evaluated during the first 16 weeks of treatment, and long-term effects will be evaluated over the duration of a 48 week treatment period.