Active clinical trials for "Fractures, Bone"

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of tranexamic acid (TXA) on blood loss and transfusion requirements in patients with femur fractures requiring open surgical approaches.

The incentive spirometer (IS) is a mechanical device that helps lung expansion. It is commonly used to prevent postoperative lung atelectasis and decreased pulmonary complications in patients who received cardiac, lung, or abdomen surgery.This study aimed to explore the effect of the IS on the improvement of lung function and decrease in pulmonary complication rate in rib fractures patients.

Nasal fractures are one of the most incidental of facial traumas. Regression of nasal edema is necessary so that surgical reduction of the fracture can be performed. It is known that photobiomodulation (PBM) reduces pain, edema and modulates inflammation. Regression of edema in a shorter time may decrease hospitalization time, decreasing hospital costs. However, there are no well-designed clinical studies on this subject. Therefore, the objective of this study will be to evaluate if PBM is able to reduce edema in the region of fractured nasal bones prior to nasal reduction and nasal packing, in order to reduce the patient's ability to go through surgery. Thirty-six patients diagnosed with a (primary) nasal fracture admitted to the Mandaqui Hospital Complex whose trauma occurred in the last 48 hours will be randomly divided into: G1- (control) (n = 18). . G2-Light emitter diode (LED) group (n = 18) - The standard hospital treatment will be performed + LED nasal mask. The main variable will be the edema evaluated by the same researcher and with the same technique. Secondary variables will be pain (visual analogue scale - VAS), temperature, rescue medication count, serum C-reactive protein and systemic inflammatory cytokines. Afterwards, the LED or its placebo will also be applied. The questionnaire to assess the impact of treatment on quality of life will be applied at the baseline and after 8 days. Adverse effects will be recorded and reported. If the data is normal, they will be submitted to Student's t-test. The data will be presented by their means ± standard deviation (SD) and the value of p will be set at 0.05.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of administering CBD to control post-operative pain in patients undergoing ankle fracture open reduction and internal fixation, tibial plafond (pilon) open reduction and internal fixation, tibial shaft repair (open reduction internal fixation or intramedullary nail fixation), or tibial plateau open reduction and internal fixation. Secondly, the purpose is to evaluate the effectiveness of CBD in comparison with opioid therapy for post-operative pain.

When assessing an injured child, doctors must decide whether or not there is an underlying bone fracture. The best way of doing this is to take an x-ray. In 2011, the 46,000 children attending Sheffield Children's Hospital Emergency Department had 10,400 x-rays mainly to help diagnose fractures. Taking just the foot and wrist, 2,215 x-rays were normal with no fracture, at a cost of £119,610 for the Sheffield community alone (at tariff £54 per x-ray). This works out as a cost of approximately £12 million per year across England and Wales. Additionally, although the radiation dose is quite small, given that x-rays can cause cancer, no radiation is better than some radiation. A fracture screening method is needed that will help doctors, schoolteachers and others more reliably decide which children should have an x-ray. Vibration is reliably used in industry to find defects such as cracks in machines and other structures. The researchers believe that vibration can similarly find fractures in bones in children. The team has recently demonstrated the ability of vibration to correctly pick the 3 x-ray confirmed cases out of 13 adults who had a wrist fracture (7 healthy adults and 6 with wrist injury). None of the 6 injured adults felt that vibration would be too painful to use on injured children. The proposal is now to compare the vibration patterns of the bones of about 150 children over 10 years of age attending the researchers' Emergency Department with their fracture positive or fracture negative x-rays. The researchers also propose to assess any differences in the vibration patterns between left and right wrist and ankles in 50 healthy school children with no injury. Should vibration analysis for fracture screening prove sufficiently accurate, further larger studies shall be conducted, with the aim of developing an instrument that will reduce the number of injured children having unnecessary x-rays. On completion of this study, the plan is to extend the study to include younger children. This will lead to cost savings for the NHS and less inconvenience for patients and their families, with shorter stays in Emergency Departments and reduced population exposure to harmful ionising radiation.

The study is a prospective, randomized, double blinded, placebo controlled trial that aims to investigate the hypothesis that early administration of tranexamic acid (TXA) following diagnosis of hip fracture will lower pre and postoperative blood loss and transfusion rates. Patients who present to the hospital with a hip fracture will be recruited and randomized into two treatment arms. The treatment group will receive 1950mg of oral TXA (three tablets, 650 mg each) and the control group will be given three tablets of oral placebo while in the Emergency Department. Patients will then be admitted to the Orthopaedic Trauma service and treated surgically with cephalomedullary nail, hemiarthroplasty, sliding hip screw, percutaneous screws, or total hip arthroplasty.

Bone fractures heal most of the time particularly well and without complications. The solidification takes rarely more than two to three months. The wound healing depends greatly on a good blood supply and needs several steps. These processes culminate in a new mass of heterogeneous tissue which is known as the fracture callus. Unfortunately, 2%-5% bone fractures cannot achieve a proper solidification and between the ununited fragments a scar tissue appears. This incorrect healing induces pain and even infections. When this situation persists more than 6 months, it is referred to as nonunion fracture, which will require some form of intervention to stimulate the natural healing process of the body. First of all, good surgical techniques with stable immobilization should be applied and local infection should be excluded. Then stimulation of the callus is required. Cell therapy with bone marrow cells has emerged as a promising new approach for bone regeneration. Animal studies as well as preliminary human studies have shown that Mesenchymal Stem Cells, a particular kind of stem cells isolated from the bone marrow, could induce callus formation when injected in the nonunion site of a broken bone. In this study the investigators aim at determining whether Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSC) isolated from the patient's bone marrow and injected in the nonunion site could be a safe and effective treatment for nonunion fractures. Patients will be randomized in two groups; one injected with Mesenchymal Stem Cell and the other injected with placebo. The investigators seek also to know how long it takes to develop the callus formation and whether there is a partial or a complete callus formation.

We are inviting individuals such as yourself, who have diaphyseal fracture (broken bone) with a non union to participate in this research study. A non-union is a lack of bone healing (bone growth where the break in the bone occurred) after 3 months after the operation. The diaphyseal is an area of a specific bone (usually near the middle) where the fracture occurred. The bones we are interested in are the clavicle (collar bone), tibia (lower leg), femur (upper leg), humerus (upper arm) and forearm (lower arm). Treatment goals for these types of fractures are to minimize later surgeries, to assist the healing process, and to decrease the time to healing. The ability of a patient with non-union (lack of bone healing after 3 months post operation) to return to the work force and to normal activities more quickly not only has a good financial impact on society (community), but also improves over-all physical and mental well-being of the patients. "Infuse" is a synthetic bone morphogenic protein which means it has the ability to help your bone to form and heal if inserted in the fracture site. "Infuse" may be the first commercially available product approved by Health Canada to accelerate the healing of long bone non-unions requiring surgical intervention. Although the safety and efficacy of Infuse has been demonstrated through numerous pre-clinical studies, further human clinical trial is needed to evaluate the safety and the power to produce effects of this product particularly with respect to non unions of long bones. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety and the power to produce effects of Infuse implanted during treatment of long bone non unions to reduce later surgeries required to augment the healing process and to accelerate the time to healing. Given this, the orthopaedic community has planned this study in order to scientifically establish the most effective treatment method to restore function after this type of injury.

Tranexamic acid has been shown to reduce postoperative blood losses and transfusion requirements in a number of types of surgery. Most trials in orthopedic surgery have been conducted in arthroplasty, hip fracture and spine surgeries. This study would aim to see the effect of tranexamic acid in reduction of blood loss and transfusions for long bone fracture surgery, primarily fracture shaft of femur.

Primary objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of a fall prevention exercise program in preventing falls resulting in fractures and other physical traumas. Secondary objectives: to better understand the mechanisms by which physical exercise prevents falls and ensuing injuries (improvement in physical functional abilities, global physical activity level, general physical and psychological wellbeing and self-confidence). to determine the individual factors associated with long-term adherence to the exercise program.