Active clinical trials for "Bone Marrow Diseases"

Background: Several types of blood cancer are associated with poor outcomes including high-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) and acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). Many people with MDS, CMML, and AML are not candidates for standard treatments. New types of treatment are needed for these cancers. Clofarabine and lenalidomide are anticancer drugs. The first damages cancer cells in the body. The second can alter blood supply to abnormal cells or affect how the immune system attacks these cells. These drugs have been previously tested as treatments for MDS and leukemia. However, they have not been tried as a combination for MDS, CMML, and AML. Researchers want to see if these drugs are safe and effective for these types of cancer. Objectives: - To test the safety and effectiveness of clofarabine and lenalidomide for people with high-risk MDS, CMML, and AML. Eligibility: Individuals at least 18 years of age who have high-risk MDS, CMML, and AML. Participants must not be candidates for standard treatments. Design: Participants will be screened with a physical exam and medical history. Blood and bone marrow samples will be collected. Participants will have 5 days of treatment with clofarabine. It will be given through a vein during an inpatient hospital stay. If there are no serious side effects after the infusion, participants will continue treatment as outpatients. After 28 days, participants will have a bone marrow biopsy to check their response to treatment. After the biopsy, participants will start lenalidomide treatment. Half of the participants will take the drug for 28 days (one treatment cycle). The other half will take it for 56 days (two cycles). More blood tests and biopsies will be used to monitor treatment. If there are no serious side effects and the disease does not become worse, participants may keep taking lenalidomide at lower doses for up to 12 more cycles.

Cervical myelopathy is common among the aging population.One of the complications of cervical myelopathy is balance impairment.In this study, the patients with cervical myelopathy undergo biomechanical, imaging, neurophysiological and functional assessment. Besides, the dynamic balance training is introduced to the patients with cervical decompression surgery.This study is expected to provide important empirical evidence to evaluate the prognosis of the surgery, to further guide the postoperative rehabilitation of myelopathy patients and to improve patients' long-term quality of life.

HAM/TSP is a chronic disease of the spinal cord, caused by a virus called HTLV-I. Worldwide approximately 20 million persons are infected.Infection with HTLV-I is lifelong, and about 3% of infected persons will develop this chronic debilitating disease, of which half will become wheelchair dependent. We, and others, have shown a strong and persistent immune response to HTLV-I in carriers and patients with HAM/TSP, but this fails to clear the virus. However, carriers with a low burden of virus in the blood have a low risk of developing disease. The immune response in these carriers seems better able to kill infected cells. A less efficient response is associated with a higher viral burden that drives the immune response with a resultant release of chemicals by the immune cells that inadvertently cause harm, most especially to cells in the spinal cord. Our understanding of HAM/TSP suggests that targeting the immune response should improve the health of our patients especially if the disease is diagnosed early. To identify the best type of treatment we are planning a series of studies of drugs that target the immune response in different ways. Each has been used in other inflammatory conditions but never before studied in HAM/TSP. We aim to study the extent and duration of the clinical response and to associate this with the different effects that the therapies have on the immune response and on the number of HTLV-I infected cells in the blood. This in turn will improve our knowledge and understanding of the disease and should lead to better therapy. This application is in relation to the first study - to explore that therapeutic benefit of ciclosporin in patients with HAM/TSP.

The main purpose of this study is to establish a recommended dose of Alpharadin to be used in combination with docetaxel in patients with bone metastases from castration-resistant prostate cancer and to investigate safety and explore efficacy of the recommended dose.

The purpose of this study is to establish the safety and effectiveness of the BRYAN(R) Cervical Disc Prosthesis in treating single-level degenerative disc disease of the cervical spine.

HTLV stands for human T cell leukemia virus. HTLV-1 is a virus that attacks specific kinds of white blood cells called T cells. T cells are part of the natural defense system of the body. HTLV-1 has been associated with leukemia and lymphoma. In addition, approximately 1% of all patients infected with HTLV-1 develops a condition known as HTLV-1 associated myelopathy (HAM) / tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP). Currently there is no clearly defined, effective treatment for patients with HAM/TSP. Steroids have been used as therapy but have only been able to provide temporary relief of symptoms. Human interferon is a small protein released from different kinds of cells in the body. Interferon has been known to have antiviral and immunological effects and has been used to treat hepatitis and multiple sclerosis. Interferon Beta is released from cells called fibroblasts. These cells play a role in the production of connective tissue. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the possible role of recombinant interferon beta (Avonex) in treatment of HAM/TSP. The study is broken into three phases, a pre-treatment phase, a treatment phase, and a post-treatment phase. The total duration of the study will be 44 weeks. Patients participating in this study will receive injections of Avonex 1 to 2 times a week. Throughout the study patients will regularly submit blood samples and undergo diagnostic tests such as MRI and measures of somatosensory evoked potentials.

This study will comprehensively evaluate the outcomes and endpoints of these two different FDA-approved artificial disc implants used to treat cervical spondylotic myelopathy and/or radiculopathy today: Biomet Zimmer Mobi-C and Nuvasive Simplify. Both implants are structurally different with the Nuvasive Simplify implementing a three-piece design with two endplates and a semi-constrained mobile core while the Biomet Zimmer Mobi-C implements an unconstrained three piece design. Subjects will be age-matched and randomly assigned to either implant with informed consent. All subjects will undergo a variety of assessments that evaluate neck disability, quality of life, pain, physiological outcome (radiographic assessments), and neck range-of motion before and after their procedure. One baseline testing will be conducted along with three post-operation visits (three months, six months, and one year) in accordance to standard follow-up procedure. Thus, the duration of participation in the study will be approximately one and a half years.

The purpose of this study is to determine whether tanezumab is effective in the treatment of cancer pain due to bone metastasis in patients already taking background opioid therapy.

The goal of this clinical research study is to learn if 1 large dose of radiation therapy is better at controlling pain from cancer that has spread to the bones than 10 smaller doses of radiation. Researchers also want to learn if 1 large dose of radiation therapy can help decrease the use of drugs to control the pain, and if it can help to control the disease.

In this study, the efficacy and safety of two radotinib doses, 300 mg twice daily and 400 mg twice daily, will be compared with imatinib 400 mg once daily in newly diagnosed patients with Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph+) Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia in the chronic phase (CML-CP).