Active clinical trials for "Brain Neoplasms"

RATIONALE: Radiation therapy uses high-energy x-rays to damage tumor cells. AGuIX particles may increase the effectiveness of radiation therapy by making tumor cells more sensitive to radiation. PURPOSE: This first-in-man Phase I trial will study the side effects and best dose of AGuIX when injected together with whole brain radiation therapy in treating patients with multiple brain metastases. The effectiveness of the combination of AGuIX and radiation therapy will be also assessed.

Although mannitol is used for brain relaxation during neurosurgery and in the treatment of raised intracranial pressure; there is not a consensus on its safe and effective dose, the duration of its administration and its use in combination with loop diuretics. This study aimed to compare the effects of the mannitol alone and in combination with furosemide in different doses, on the brain relaxation, electrolyte, lactate levels of the blood, peroperative fluid balance and the volume of the urine in supratentorial mass resection surgeries. This prospective, randomized, double blind, placebo controlled study included fifty one patients (ASA I-III) scheduled for elective supratentorial mass resection surgery. The patients were randomized into three groups for investigation of the effects of mannitol alone and in combination with furosemide in different doses. Blood sodium, potassium, chlorine, lactate, urine and osmolarity levels were recorded. The brain relaxation score (BRS) was evaluated twice by the surgeon using a 4 point scale (1=very good, 2=good, 3=bad, 4=very bad); at dura opening, and 30 minutes after the administration of the study drug.

The goal of this clinical research study is to learn if it is safe to receive methotrexate through the fourth ventricle of the brain in patients with brain tumors. Methotrexate is designed to block cancer cells from dividing, which may slow or stop their growth and spread throughout the body. This may cause the cancer cells to die.

Although DIPG is not curable, re-irradiation with a modest total dose and short treatment time provides good palliation of symptoms, improves quality of life, delays disease progression and has minimal and manageable toxicity. Treatment plan: At progression, full radiological and clinical documentation necessary including a neurological exam by a neurologist will be done. Progressive patients will be referred to radiotherapy. Radiation guidelines: 30.6 Gray (Gy) will be applied in 1.8 to 2Gy fractions in conformal radiation to tumor bed. Radiation will be done in standard accelerators and according to standard guidelines used in treatment for all brain tumor patients.

Sorafenib is a new type of anti-cancer drug. It belongs to a new class of medications known as tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Sorafenib is thought to work against cancer in many ways. It helps decrease blood supply to the tumor. It also blocks some proteins that help the tumor cells to grow." Sorafenib is approved by the Food and Drug administration (FDA) for treatment for other cancers like liver and kidney cancer. Sorafenib has also been studied in the treatment of breast cancer that has spread but is not specifically approved for the treatment of breast cancer. It has been studied both as a single agent and also in combination with other anti-cancer therapies for breast cancer. In laboratory models and in some patients with other cancers, sorafenib has been studied in tumors in the brain. In this study, sorafenib will be given together with whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT). Overall this research study is designed to answer 2 main questions: What dose of sorafenib should be used together with WBRT? What are the side effects of sorafenib and WBRT when given together?

EGFR-TKI is good for the patients with EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer.We design this clinical trail to confirm if the efficacy of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor(EGFR-TKI )(ICOTINIB) is better than whole brain irradiation for the patient with EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer.

Ipilimumab adds a clinical benefit to radiation therapy in patients with melanoma metastatic to the brain. Melanoma is the third most common cancer causing brain metastases, after cancers of the lung and breast, which appears to reflect the relative propensity of melanoma to metastasize to the central nervous system (CNS). Brain metastases are responsible for 20 to 54 percent of deaths in patients with melanoma, and among those with documented brain metastases, these lesions contribute to death in up to 95 percent of cases, with an estimated median overall survival ranging between 1.8 and 10.5 months, depending upon other prognostic factors. Ipilimumab is an anti-Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Antigen 4 (anti-CTLA4) monoclonal antibody that has demonstrated a clinically relevant and statistically significant improvement in overall survival, either alone (second line) or in combination with dacarbazine (DTIC) in 1st line. Ipilimumab has shown activity against brain metastases. According to the European Medicines Agency (EMA) approved label for Yervoy®, the use of glucocorticoids at baseline (commonly prescribed when brain metastases are diagnosed) should be avoided before the administration of ipilimumab. Data show that the use of even high doses of glucocorticoids for the management of immune-related adverse events do not decrease the efficacy of Yervoy®. There is no documented experience on the efficacy of Yervoy® when given concomitantly with radiation therapy and glucocorticoids. In experimental models, radiation therapy is synergistic to anti-Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Antigen 4 (anti-CTLA4) strategies (abscopal effect). There are no published results from clinical trials on the interaction between radiation therapy and ipilimumab.

The purpose of the study is to evaluate the effect of simvastatin in combination with radiotherapy on the clinical outcomes of patients with brain metastases.

Purpose: This study is a single-arm, open-label phase II clinical trial testing the hypothesis that daily everolimus plus weekly vinorelbine and trastuzumab will be effective, safe, and tolerable among patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer brain metastases. Once enrolled, patients will receive everolimus PO daily in combination with weekly intravenous (IV) vinorelbine and trastuzumab. Cycles will be repeated every 3 weeks (21 days). At the time of progression, patients will come off study. Participants: Up to 35 adults over 21 with HER-2 positive breast cancer that has metastasized to the brain.

This phase I dose escalation study will evaluate IGF-Methotrexate conjugate (765IGF-MTX) in patients with advanced, previously treated tumors. 765IGF-MTX is administered as an IV infusion over 1 hour on days 1, 8 and 15 of a 28 day cycle. Treatment continues until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or patient refusal. Assessment of response will be confirmed with imaging studies performed at the end of cycle 2 +/- 7 days, and every 2 weeks thereafter.