Active clinical trials for "Calculi"

High amounts of calcium in the urine (hypercalciuria) can cause development of kidney stones in children. Treatment for these children includes plenty of fluids, a low-salt diet and medications such as potassium citrate. A major advantage of potassium citrate, as compared to hydrochlorothiazide, is its lack of side effects. One problem the researchers and others have observed is that some children continue to form kidney stones despite correction of hypercalciuria with potassium citrate. One possible explanation is that in some individuals potassium citrate therapy results in an excessive elevation of urine pH, a situation that may predispose to calcium phosphate stone formation. In this study, the researchers will study the effects of potassium citrate on urine chemistries and acid-base balance in three groups of children aged 5-17 years: children who are hypercalciuric stone formers; healthy children without a history of hypercalciuria or kidney stones. Particular attention will be paid to try to identify those who develop a very high urine pH (>8) and the factors leading to this metabolic reaction. The researchers will try to learn whether it is the child's characteristics, the disease manifestations, the dose of the drug, or a combination of the above which may be the cause of the development of very alkaline urine. Based on the results, the researchers hope to be able to better "tailor" the individual treatment for each child with kidney stones.

The desire to reduce complications related to percutaneous access and morbidity related to tract size has led researchers to evaluate PCNL using smaller-caliber instruments. In this context, mini-PCNL has emerged. Its efficacy and safety have been demonstrated at the cost of a lower stone-free rate. The effectiveness of existing Ho: YAG lasers is limited by the need for manual removal of stone fragments and mobilization of them due to the lack of a simultaneous aspiration system. Consequently, this has been associated with long surgical times to achieve stone-free status. This requires multiple insertions and extractions of the nephroscope to facilitate the recovery of all fragments. This repeated step can cause the safety rails to be inadvertently removed or the sheaths to be disinserted. Sometimes compromising surgical results. Faced with this situation, the search for better and more efficient energy sources still continues. With this, modern lithotripters have emerged that combine energy sources and work more efficiently than any of them independently and, consequently, improve stone removal. Cyberwand ™ (Olympus, Tokyo, Japan), Swiss Lithoclast® Master / Select (EMS SA, Switzerland / Boston Scientific, Marlborough, MA, USA) and Shockpulse-SE ™ (Olympus, Tokyo, Japan) are some examples; although they have their own set of advantages, none have proven to be superior to any other. As previously discussed, ballistic-ultrasonic lithotripsy combines ultrasonic and ballistic energy together with a suction system with encouraging results in terms of a shorter lithotripsy time and the respective economic impact of fewer surgical events and less operating time required for the stone removal. Therefore, it is convenient to make a comparison between the results of lithotripsy with Ho: YAG laser energy and lithotripsy with LithoClast Trilogy EMS; and thereby determine which is the most effective method in the resolution of kidney stones through a miniaturized percutaneous tract.

To evaluate the role of both primary and deferred URS in the management of calculus anuria concerning the feasibility, clinical outcome, and cost-effectiveness in children in a comparative study

This study is a double blinded randomized controlled trial evaluating the impact of tranexamic acid use on the transfusion rate in patients with complex kidney stones undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy.

The specific aim of this study is to validate our hypothesis that the magnetic ureteral stents have the same amount of adverse effects as the more commonly used non-magnetic ureteral stents. If this hypothesis would be confirmed then the usage of magnetic ureteral stents would be justified for both reducing patient discomfort by way of fewer cystoscopies and possibly also decreasing the overall expenditures of treatment.

Ultraslow full-power SWL versus slow power-ramping SWL in Renal stones with high attenuation value

Frankincense, or olibanum, is the oleogum resin that is harvested from several different trees, an aromatic resin obtained from trees of the genus Boswellia. The word frankincense is derived from the ancient French name "frankincense," meaning "pure incense." Frankincense is also known in Arabic as "luban,". Luban has been reported to have anti-inflammatory, sedative, antibacterial, and anti-cancer activities. The aim of the present study is to treat renal stones with Luban (Boswellia) given as capsules of active oils. This is a clinical Phase I & II (Safety, Efficacy) double-blind simple-randomized controlled treatment trial, where 100 participants with renal stones (50 Radiopaque and 50 Radiolucent stones) will be included in the study and divided between two treatment groups: Standard treatment (Uralyt-U) and new treatment (Luban). Participants with stone size less than 10 mm will be include; and participants with renal pathology or comorbidities (DM, CKD, multiple renal cysts, renal tumors) will be excluded. The outcome measures of the study will be: the primary end point (effect) is reduction of stone size by 50% or complete disappearance after 1 years of treatment; and the secondary end point (toxicity) is the participants intolerance of the treatment or development of side effects. If this study proves an effect of Luban on renal stones it will be an evolution in the management of renal stones by a natural, simple, harmless easily available method.

The investigator aims to perform a prospective and randomized controlled trial evaluating the safety and efficacy of External Physical Vibration Lithecbole(EPVL) in treating 4-10 mm ureteral stone.

The present study is randomized in nature, comparing the stone free rate and complications rate between semi-rigid ureteroscopy (SR-URS) and Flexible Ureteroscopy (F-URS) for the treatment of Proximal Ureteric stone (PUS), whereby the preoperative assessments, procedure and reporting of outcomes will all be standardized.

Up-to-date, urology guidelines introduce safety guidewire (SGW) as an integral tool in ureteroscopy and recommended its routine use. However, the necessity of SGW placement in endourological procedures lack evidence and is being suggested as an expert opinion. Present study aimed to evaluate the use of SGW placement and its necessity in treatment of ureteral stones with semi-rigid ureteroscopy (s-URS). For this purpose patients with ureteral stones are being stratified according to ureteral stone location and prospectively randomized into two groups' according to SGW usage or not in s-URS. Ureteroscopy and litotripsy is being done with a semi-rigid ureteroscope of 6.4/7.8 Fr (Olympus) and laser. Chi-square and student t-test were used for comparing data.