Active clinical trials for "Heart Diseases"

Heart attacks remain a common cause of death throughout the world. The most common initiating event is the formation of a blood clot within the coronary arteries occluding blood supply to the heart. However, we know that thrombus often occurs within the coronary arteries without causing any symptoms, and may be found in patients with stable angina. We wish to investigate whether blood clots within the coronary arteries can be detected in patients who have had a heart attack and in patients with stable angina using combined positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance (PET-MR) imaging. If possible, this may provide a safe and noninvasive means of identifying patients at higher risk of heart attacks. The study will be conducted in Edinburgh Heart Centre and a total of 40 participants will be recruited from the cardiology wards, outpatient clinics and day case unit. Participants will be asked to undergo a single PET-MRI scan in addition to invasive angiography as part of standard care (non-research procedure). During the invasive angiogram procedure, an additional imaging test may be performed called Optical Coherence Tomography to provide images from within the heart blood vessels.

Enrollment: Patients with stable coronary artery disease (SCAD) and moderate coronary artery stenoses (30-70 %) Patients with acute myocardial infarction and moderate stenosis of non-culprit arteries (NCL; BYSTANDER LESION) Aims: To assess the diagnostic accuracy of dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE) and invasive fractional flow reserve (FFR) measurement To assess the prognostic impact of reclassification by a mismatching negative test Hypothesis: DSE and FFR have similar prognostic value in both clinical settings (SCAD and NCL) Considering the strong negative predictive value of both DSE and FFR, one negative test is sufficiently enough to defer revascularisation, even in the case of mismatch

Background: Researchers do not know much about the causes of congenital heart disease (CHD). They do know that many factors play a role. Some factors are environmental. Some are genetic. But few specific factors have been identified. And researchers do not know how many involve genes. They want to study data that has already been collected from people with CHD and their families. Objectives: To identify genetic variations related to CHD. To study molecules related to vascular disease in order to learn new ways to treat it. Eligibility: People who already participated in the Pediatric Cardiac Genomics Consortium (PCGC) study Design: Researchers will study data that was already collected in the PCGC. There will be no active participants. Researchers will get access to the data through the coordinating center. They will not download data to local storage devices. The data will have no personally identifying information....

This study is designed to collect high-quality shoulder and intracardiac bi-plane fluoroscopic images during two standard arm motions on patients implanted with a market released SelectSecure 3830 lead for the purposes of developing a fracture reliability model.

Cardiac steatosis is increased among individuals with HIV, and may predispose to cardiac mechanical dysfunction and subsequent heart failure. The pathogenesis and treatment of cardiac steatosis is not well understood. The investigators have previously shown that perturbed growth hormone (GH) secretion in HIV contributes to ectopic fat accumulation in the viscera and the liver. Moreover, the investigators have found that augmentation of endogenous GH secretion with the FDA-approved medication tesamorelin reduces visceral and hepatic fat. In this longitudinal observational study, the investigators will examine patients with HIV and abdominal fat accumulation who either plan or do not plan to initiate tesamorelin prescribed clinically. The investigators hypothesize that blunted GH secretion in HIV is associated with cardiac steatosis. The investigators also hypothesize that use of tesamorelin for 6 months is associated with a reduction in intramyocardial fat and preserved cardiac function.

Endothelial glycocalyx, the luminal structure of healthy vasculature, plays critical roles in regulation of inflammatory responses, vascular permeability, blood coagulation. It can be easily damaged by ischemia/reperfusion, hypoxemia, oxidative stress, endotoxin. Accordingly, the relationship between the shedding of endothelial glycocalyx and the prognosis of diseases such as diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, malignancy has been researched. In cases of cardiac surgery, patients cannot help but be exposed to ischemia/reperfusion, oxidative stress which can damage endothelial glycocalyx. In this research, the investigators would like to discover the impact of perioperative shedding of the endothelial glycocalyx on the incidence of postoperative acute kidney injury in patients undergoing valvular heart surgery.

Surgeries of heart disease in adulthood can happen in two specific contexts: either for an asymptomatic anomaly, possibly coupled with the onset of symptoms later in life and tardily diagnosed and surgically managed either for a malformation treated in childhood and requiring a new intervention in adulthood. In recent years, the number of adult patients with congenital heart disease has been steadily increasing. Advances in diagnostic techniques and surgical treatments have enabled many children to reach adulthood. The number of these patients is now higher than the number of children with congenital heart disease. The number of these patients having had surgery in adulthood is also increasing. Congenital cardiopathies are numerous, ranging from simpler pathologies such as inter-auricular or inter-ventricular communication, to much more complex pathologies such as situations of univentricular hearts. The surgical treatments of these congenital heart diseases are classified into three groups: initial palliative surgery, initial curative surgery or iterative surgery. Palliative surgery aims to improve the clinical tolerance of the patient to the conditions of his pathology or to prevent complications. The curative surgery restores the physiological circulation, the iterative surgery treats a complication or a degeneration appearing after a curative surgery. Patients undergoing cardiac surgery frequently receive blood products transfusions during the preoperative, intraoperative, or postoperative periods. Several observational studies have shown that in cardiac surgery, the transfusion of blood derivatives is associated with an increase in post-operative morbidity and mortality. The objective of this study is to analyze the predictive factors of transfusion in congenital patients operated in adulthood at Brugmann University Hospital, depending on the type of surgery applied (palliative, curative or iterative). The secondary objective will be to assess whether there are any differences with the predictive factors identified in non-congenital patients undergoing cardiac surgery, which could potentially alter the transfusion approach in congenital patients.

There is growing evidence that central blood pressure is a better predictor of hypertensive end-organ damage and cardiovascular outcome than routine brachial readings. The investigators aimed to evaluate the accuracy of a novel device for the non-invasive determination of central blood pressure based on automated oscillometric radial pulse wave analysis.

Congenital heart diseases are nowadays frequently treated in newborns. These congenital heart defects can directly affect the right ventricular ejection tract (RVOT), or sometimes indirectly, when the left ventricular ejection tract (LVOT) is replaced by the ROVT in a Ross operation. Originally introduced by Ross and Somerville in 1966, the reconstruction of ROVT by valved homografts is since then widely used.Pulmonary and aortic homografts then constituted the gold standard in conduit replacement between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery (VD-AP). The increasing demand for homografts currently induces a shortage and unmet demands. This lack of availability, and the durability of homografts in young patients, has encouraged the search for alternative conducts.For example, in 1999, Medtronic® put a bovine jugular vein xenograft (VJB) on the market, the Contegra® conduct, as alternative for the homograft for RVOT reconstruction. This duct naturally has a central valve with three valvules, and there is on both sides of the valve a generous duct length allowing unique adaptation options. This conduit, however, is not perfect. Whether using Contegra® ducts or homografts, replacement is inevitable. The aim of this study is to compare operative morbidity and mortality when replacing Contegra® or homograft.

The study is a nested case-control study and the purpose is to describe the status of key nutrients(eg.folic acid and vitamins) supplementation among pregnant women in Shanghai, to find out the association between the level of serum key nutrients during peri-conceptional period and the incidence of congenital heart defects (CHD) in newborn, and to provide better preconception care.