Active clinical trials for "Central Nervous System Neoplasms"

RATIONALE: Drugs used in chemotherapy use different ways to stop tumor cells from dividing so they stop growing or die. Thalidomide may stop the growth of cancer by stopping blood flow to the tumor. PURPOSE: Phase I trial to study the effectiveness of combining topotecan and thalidomide in treating patients who have recurrent or refractory malignant glioma.

This study proposes to do a prospective observational cohort study evaluating the quality of life (QOL) of children with Central Nervous System (CNS) tumors and their families who choose to self-medicate with marijuana-derived products while undergoing treatment at Children's Hospital Colorado (CHCO).

The development of next generation sequencing (NGS) techniques, including whole genome (WGS), exome (WES) and RNA sequencing has revolutionized the ability of investigators to query the molecular mechanisms underlying tumor formation. Through the Pediatric Cancer Genome Project (PCGP), investigators at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital (SJCRH) have successfully used NGS approaches to evaluate more than 1,000 pediatric cancers ranging from hematologic malignancies to central nervous system (CNS) and non-CNS solid tumors. From these and related studies, it has become clear that genomic approaches can accurately classify tumors into distinct pathologic and prognostic subtypes and detect alterations in cellular pathways that may serve as novel therapeutic targets. Collectively, these studies suggest that by characterizing the genomic make-up of individual tumors, investigators will be able to develop personalized and potentially more effective cancer treatments and/or preventive measures. This protocol was initially enacted to usher NGS approaches into routine clinical care. During the initial phase of the G4K protocol, 310 participants were recruited and enrolled onto the study. Tumor and/or germline sequencing was completed on all 310 patients, with 253 somatic reports generated (representing 96% of the 263 participants for whom tumor tissue was available and analyzed) and 301 germline reports generated (100% of the 301 participants who agreed to the receipt of germline results). Analyses of the study data are ongoing with plans to prepare initial manuscripts within the next several months. Due to the successful initial execution of the G4K protocol, clinical genomic sequencing of tumor and germline samples is now offered as part of standard clinical care for pediatric oncology patients at St. Jude. The G4K protocol has now been revised. With the revision, the study team will record, store and analyze germline and tumor genomic information. Through the collection of these data, we will examine how germline mutations in 150 cancer predisposition genes influence clinical presentation, tumor histology, tumor genomic findings, response to therapy and long-term outcomes. The overall goals of this research are to further define the prevalence, spectrum and heritability of germline variants in these genes and to decipher how germline mutations influence the phenotypes of an expanding array of cancer predisposition syndromes. These studies allow us to provide more accurate genetic counseling and management strategies to future children harboring mutations in these genes. This remains a non-therapeutic study. Investigators anticipate a sample size of approximately 5000 patients who will be recruited over the next 7 years.

RATIONALE: Drugs used in chemotherapy, such as temozolomide and VNP40101M, work in different ways to stop the growth of tumor cells, either by killing the cells or by stopping them from dividing. Temozolomide may also stop the growth of tumor cells by blocking blood flow to the tumor. PURPOSE: This phase I/II trial is studying the side effects and best dose of VNP40101M when given together with temozolomide and to see how well it works in treating patients with progressive or relapsed malignant glioma.

RATIONALE: Radiation therapy uses high-energy x-rays to kill tumor cells. Radiosurgery may be able to send x-rays directly to the tumor and cause less damage to normal tissue. Giving radiation therapy or radiosurgery after surgery may kill any remaining tumor cells. It is not yet known whether radiation therapy or radiosurgery is more effective than observation alone in treating benign meningioma. PURPOSE: This randomized phase III trial is studying radiation therapy or radiosurgery to see how well they work compared to observation alone in treating patients with newly diagnosed, benign meningioma that has been partially removed by surgery.

RATIONALE: Drugs used in chemotherapy, such as topotecan, work in different ways to stop the growth of cancer cells, either by killing the cells or by stopping them from dividing. PURPOSE: This phase I trial is studying the side effects, best way to give, and best dose of topotecan when given by intraventricular infusion in treating young patients with neoplastic meningitis due to leukemia, lymphoma, or solid tumors.

RATIONALE: Drugs used in chemotherapy use different ways to stop tumor cells from dividing so they stop growing or die. Radiation therapy uses high-energy x-rays to damage tumor cells. Paclitaxel may make the tumor cells more sensitive to radiation therapy. PURPOSE: Phase I trial to study the effectiveness of combining paclitaxel with radiation therapy in treating children who have newly diagnosed brain stem glioma.

RATIONALE: Drugs used in chemotherapy use different ways to stop tumor cells from dividing so they stop growing or die. Chemotherapy placed into the surrounding tissue after surgery to remove the tumor may kill any remaining tumor cells. O(6)-benzylguanine may increase the effectiveness of carmustine by making tumor cells more sensitive to the drug. PURPOSE: Phase I trial to study the safety of combining O(6)-benzylguanine with carmustine implants in treating children who have recurrent malignant glioma.

This phase I trial studies the side effects and best dose of palbociclib isethionate in treating younger patients with central nervous system tumors that have grown, come back, or not responded to treatment. Palbociclib isethionate may stop the growth of tumor cells by blocking some of the enzymes needed for cell growth.

The goal of Part I of this clinical research study is to find the highest tolerable dose of TPI 287 that can be given with bevacizumab to patients with glioblastoma. The goal of Part II is to learn if TPI 287 when given with bevacizumab can help to control glioblastoma better than when bevacizumab is given alone. The safety of the drug combination will also be studied. TPI 287 is similar to a type of chemotherapy drug called a taxane and is designed to block a protein (tubulin) that helps the cancer cells divide. By blocking the tubulin, the drug may be able to cause the cancer cells to shrink or stop growing. Bevacizumab is designed to prevent or slow down the growth of cancer cells by blocking the growth of blood vessels.