Active clinical trials for "Pediatric Obesity"

This is a study to learn about obesity and how insulin resistance and Type 2 Diabetes develops in children.

In this study, the investigators aimed to observe changes in the gut microbial composition before and after the weight-loss intervention, including dietary control and exercise, in obese children. The main metabolites produced by gut microbiome, short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) will be also analysed. The investigators will analyse the change of gut microbiome composition and metabolites related with weight-loss intervention and the relationship between microbiome composition and metabolites.

The purpose of this study is to observe the effect of lack or excess of Vitamin D in the first, second and third trimester on child birth weight, fat content and the secretion of metabolism related hormone, and clinical follow-up their offspring obesity.

Acute exercise of high intensity has been shown to induced nutritional adaptations in obese adolescents. Indeed, several studies have shown that about 30 minutes of intensive exercise (above 70% of the adolescents maximal aerobic capacities) can favor reduced-energy consumption at the following meal with no modification of their appetite feelings. Although it is suggested that chronic physical activity programs can induce energy intake modifications, this has never been clearly studied. The aim of this work is to compare different physical activity programs (low vs. high intensity programs) in terms of energy intake, appetite feelings and appetite-regulating hormones, in obese adolescents.

This study examines risk factors for type 2 diabetes in children representing multiple discrete ethnic groups. It also examines the short term effects of school-based health education supervised exercise on metabolic risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus in children. The investigators hypothesize that exercise and health education will significantly improve insulin sensitivity in all children, especially in children who are already insulin resistant, thereby lowering the risk that they will go on to develop type 2 diabetes mellitus. The specific hypotheses being tested are: Insulin resistance will be most evident in overweight children while an impaired ability of the pancreas to release insulin will be most evident in children with a family history of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Exercise will significantly improve insulin resistance (as measured by the fasting glucose/insulin ratio) with little effect on insulin secretory capacity in children. Participation in a school-based health, nutrition, and exercise education program will have long term beneficial effects on health related behaviors and on insulin resistance in all children, regardless of their level of diabetes risk.

The prevalence of pediatric obesity is increasing at an unprecedented rate. Obese children are at risk for the development of insulin resistance, relative insulin deficiency and type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, the cause of insulin resistance remains an area of scientific interest. The study of type 2 diabetes in children is limited by the lack of a non-invasive method to evaluate insulin resistance. Recent studies have suggested that mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with, and perhaps predictive of insulin resistance in adult relatives of individuals with type 2 diabetes. Mitochondria generate energy in muscle tissue through the production of ATP, and are important in the metabolism of both glucose and fat. This study evaluates a novel, non invasive, safe method for predicting insulin resistance and diabetes in children using a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) based technique to measure mitochondrial function. We propose to investigate mitochondrial function and glucose metabolism in obese and non-obese children in early, mid and late puberty. Analyses will be conducted to investigate the presence of mitochondrial dysfunction in obese children, to evaluate the contribution of mitochondrial dysfunction to insulin resistance, and to determine the contribution of pubertal status to mitochondrial dysfunction and insulin resistance. The successful completion of this study would provide evidence to support the hypothesis that mitochondrial dysfunction plays a role in insulin resistance and diabetes in children. In addition, it would provide a new technique for the prediction of disease states and perhaps lead to the development of preventative therapeutics for insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes in children. We hypothesize that mitochondrial dysfunction will mirror the progression of insulin resistance and precede and predict abnormal glucose metabolism in a population with pediatric obesity

The purpose of this study is to observe the effect of lack or excess of folic acid in first, second and third trimester on child birth weight, fat content and the secretion of metabolism related hormone, and clinical follow-up their offspring obesity.

The Pediatric Obesity Research Registry will function to collect and catalog historical and medical chart related clinical data of patients presenting with pediatric obesity and who agree to participate.

The purpose of this study is to screen a pediatric population (ages 2-8) for genes associated with childhood obesity.

In this study the investigators hypothesize that pathological alterations in adipose tissue biology already occur during the development and progression of obesity in children and adolescents. The investigators aim to identify and characterize mechanisms and molecular targets that affect the development of adipose tissue and ensuing obesity in childhood and adolescence.