Active clinical trials for "Pain, Postoperative"

The purpose of this study is to show the effectiveness of COV155 compared to placebo in subjects with acute moderate to severe pain following bunionectomy surgery.

Patients typically experience moderate-to-severe pain following knee arthroplasty that is usually treated with a combination of oral and intravenous analgesics and enhanced by continuous peripheral nerve blocks. There are currently two locations to place a perineural catheter to provide analgesia following knee arthroplasty: a femoral nerve catheter and an adductor canal catheter. Both have been demonstrated to be effective following knee arthroplasty. However, it remains unknown if one location is superior to the other; or, more accurately, what the relative benefits are to each technique. While femoral CPNB has many benefits, one of the challenges of using this technique is that there is a decrease in quadriceps muscle strength which can be a limiting factor for rehabilitation. In contrast, the adductor canal catheter affects only the vastus medialis. This block may lessen block-induced quadriceps weakness following knee arthroplasty compared with a femoral infusion. The investigators hypothesize that compared with femoral perineural local anesthetic infusion, an adductor canal infusion is associated with a shorter time until four discharge criteria are met: (1) adequate analgesia; (2) independence from intravenous analgesics; (3) ability to ambulate 30 m; and (4) ability to stand, walk 3 m, and return to a sitting position without another's assistance.

Pain following abdominal surgery is managed with the use of thoracic epidural analgesia (TEA) where the epidural is inserted in the spine at the level of scapula The risks due to TEA include difficulty with insertion, failure in up to 40% of patient in the perioperative period, fall in blood pressure and a rare devastating complication of paralysis either due to bleeding or infection. Injury to spinal cord is also a feared complication. Therefore alternative techniques need to be evaluated. Paravertebral block (PVB) has been documented to provide pain relief following abdominal surgery using an earlier technique which posed the risk of puncture of the covering to the lung (pleura) resulting in pneumothorax. The current technique involves the use of curled catheters inserted using ultrasonography to lie outside the pleura where the nerves travel thus reducing the chances of pneumothorax and catheter migration. Objective of the current study is to compare the efficacy and safety of bilateral PVB with TEA. Patients undergoing bowel surgery will be randomized to receive thoracic epidural analgesia or bilateral thoracic paravertebral blocks. Pain scores during rest and coughing, failure and complication rates will be compared between the two groups. Objective: The objective of the investigators is to determine whether ultrasound (US)-guided bilateral thoracic paravertebral blocks (PVB) using curled catheter provides effective post-operative analgesia as compared to thoracic epidural analgesia in patients undergoing open abdominal bowel surgeries. The primary outcome of this study will be the pain scores over the first 24 hours following open bowel surgeries. Secondary outcomes include Analgesic consumption in the perioperative period, Block related data (block performance time, success rate, extent of sensory block, complications) Hemodynamic parameter every 6 hourly Incidence of side effects like nausea and pruritus scores, time to return of bowel activity Hypothesis Null Hypothesis: Primary. Paravertebral blocks provide equal analgesia in the early postoperative period (first 24 hours of surgery) as compared to thoracic epidural analgesia in patients undergoing bowel surgeries by laparotomy. Secondary The analgesic consumption between PVB and TEA is not different during the first 24 hours following surgery The block performance time, success rate and extent of sensory block with PVB are not different from that of TEA. Side effects and complications following bilateral PVB are not different from those occurring after TEA

Previous studies have shown that paravertebral block (PVB) has the potential to reduce pain and side effects after breast surgery when used in addition to general anesthesia or sedation.The investigators would like to further discern the impact of GA or PVB on the postoperative QoR, pain and satisfaction.

The purpose of this study is to determine whether Indomethacin [Test] Capsules are safe and effective for the treatment of postoperative bunionectomy pain.

The primary aim of this randomized, double-blind study is to examine the effect of a single intraoperative dose of methadone on postoperative pain and analgesic requirements in patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. These patients will be compared to subjects receiving a standard dose of the "traditional" intraoperative opioid (fentanyl). Secondary outcome measures to be assessed will include standard recovery variables (such as length of postoperative intubation, ICU length of stay, incidence of nausea or vomiting, level of sedation). In addition, patients will be assessed for the development of chronic postoperative pain.

The purpose of this study is to compare the efficacy and safety of the Sufentanil NanoTab PCA System/15 mcg to the Placebo Sufentanil NanoTab PCA System for the management of acute moderate to severe post-operative pain after open abdominal surgery.

Peripheral nerve blocks are the standard of care for pain management after hip replacement surgery at UPMC Shadyside. This prospective, randomized study is intended to assess the effect of 0.1 versus 0.2% ropivacaine in lumbar plexus nerve catheter infusions after total hip arthroplasty. Ropivacaine peripheral nerve block infusions have been utilized as the standard of care at UPMC Shadyside for many years. Ropivacaine, a less potent left-isomer of bupivacaine, is often used in place of bupivacaine due to less motor blockade and less severe cardiovascular and central nervous system potential toxicity. The primary goal of this study to examine the effect of a low concentration infusion of ropivacaine (0.1%) on postoperative analgesia (evaluated by opioid consumption after 36 hours) compared with the standard accepted concentration of 0.2% ropivacaine in lumbar plexus catheters after primary total hip arthroplasty. Secondary goals are to examine motor function, VAS scores and patient satisfaction with pain control in low concentration 0.1% ropivacaine compared with 0.2% ropivacaine lumbar plexus infusions upto 36 hours after primary total hip arthroplasty.

To determine efficacy of preoperative IV dexamethasone for postoperative pain control after TKA.

The purpose of this study is to investigate whether pulsed electromagnetic energy field (PEMF) therapy is effective in the treatment of persistent pain following total knee arthroplasty (TKA)