Active clinical trials for "Cognitive Dysfunction"

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of desflurane on postoperative cognitive dysfunction

Epilepsy is a common health problem worldwide. In general population, studies in developed countries estimated the annual incidence of epilepsy to be~50 per 100,000 and prevalence to be ~8.2 per 1,000. These figures are higher in developing countries in which prevalence of >10 per 1,000 was reported. In Upper Egypt, Assiut Governorate, the prevalence rate was 12.9 per 1,000. In people with epilepsy there is an associated high rate of cognitive difficulties that compromise educational progress and achievement throughout life. Approximately 1-5% of the population exhibits epileptiform discharges on electroencephalography (EEG). Interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs), meaning spikes, polyspikes, sharp waves, or spike and slow-wave complexes without observed clinical seizures, are commonly observed in patients with epilepsy. Epilepsy syndromes manifesting with IEDs are detrimental to cognitive function. Recently, two studies found that frequent IEDs can impair cognitive performance in children. and adult patients. Several studies indicated that IEDs in patients with epilepsy had a disruptive effect on information processing speed with even a low percentage of IEDs (1%).However, it is unclear whether IEDs are associated with disrupted academic performance in patients with idiopathic epilepsy, and the relationship between general cognitive ability and academic performance in those patients has not been clarified. Understanding how IEDs interfere with neurocognitive outcomes is important ,while the goal of medical and surgical treatments for epilepsy is to achieve seizure-freedom with minimal morbidity, the benefits of IED suppression are more controversial.

This is a 2-step study; 1st step was a cross sectional study carried out on 163 consecutive Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients employee attending outpatient clinics of the National Research Center (NRC), Egypt. A face-to-face interview was carried out to collect data about demographic data and medical history. Cognitive function assessment was carried out using Adenbrooke's Cognitive Examination III (ACE III) test and the Trail Making Test (TMT) which consists of two parts (A and B). Quality of life and depression were also assessed using Short Form-36 (SF-36) and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HRDS) questionnaires respectively. The second step was an interventional study for health education and life style modification. The main outcome measures were Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG), HbA1c, total blood cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglycerides, oxidant and antioxidant (Malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR)) which were assessed at baseline and reassessed after the intervention.

Phase II, open-label clinical trial with a medicinal product. A total of 30 subjects will be included in the study. All participants will receive a single intravenous dose of 300 MBq of FBB. A 20-minute PET image should be acquired starting at approximately 90 minutes after intravenous injection of FBB. The present proposal aims are: to assess safety of a single dose of FBB followed by PET scan in individuals with subjective cognitive decline (SCD), to determine the number of SCD subjects with positive visual FBB-PET scan, to determine the number of SCD subjects with positive standardized uptake value ratios (SUVRs) of FBB-PET scan and to explore the cortical pattern of amyloid deposition in SCD subjects.

This is a multicenter, multicultural, randomized control trial. Participants will be recruited from 10 centers located in Italy, Germany, Austria, Spain, United Kingdom, Belgium, Sweden, Japan, South Korea and Australia. The main objective of the study is to examine the efficacy of a sensor-based platform (my-AHA platform) to assess frailty risks and to deliver tailored interventions in order to prevent in elderly subjects conversion from a pre-frail status to a frailty status.

The primary objective of this study is to demonstrate that individuals with low short-term practice effects (STPE) on cognitive testing are more likely to be identified as "positive" on amyloid imaging than individuals with high STPE. STPE may also inform us about other AD-related biomarkers, including hippocampal volumes, functional connectivity, and APOE status. By realizing the aims of this pragmatic study, we hope to be able to offer more economical and efficient screening of potential participants for clinical trials, which would reduce participant burden and financial costs.

Post-operative cognitive dysfunction is defined as a decrease in cognitive functions which develop following surgery and anesthesia administration that can last up to weeks or even months after surgery. In this study, our main objective was to investigate the effect of preoperative hospitalisation period on early post operative cognitive dysfunction development and its risk factors in patients who underwent total hip replacement surgery for hip fractures under regional anesthesia.

Patients with failed kidneys need Renal Replacement Therapy (RRT) to remove fluid and toxins from the body. The 3 types of RRT are kidney transplant or removal of waste by dialysis, either via the blood (haemodialysis) or via the stomach area (peritoneal dialysis). 27,000 patients currently receive dialysis in the UK and some endure reduced quality-of-life, depression, and thinking and memory difficulties. Some of these symptoms reflect undiagnosed dementia. Indeed up to 7/10 dialysis patients suffer moderate to severe brain impairment or dementia - much more frequently than in the general population. This study will assess brain function just before starting dialysis/transplant and at 3 and 12 months afterwards with face to face assessments and with brain scans in some patients. Changes in brain function will be compared between people treated with the different forms of dialysis and transplant. The Investigators hope to evaluate whether these tests are acceptable to patients, whether affected sub-groups with cognitive impairment can be identified early, and if certain dialysis methods are better for patients with cognitive impairment/dementia, so that a larger study to try to improve brain function after RRT can be developed.

Alzheimer's disease is a debilitating condition for patients and their caregivers marked by hallmark cognitive symptoms (e.g., memory loss) as well as an impact on quality of life. Researchers and clinicians are learning that a specific type of memory, called prospective memory, may be particularly affected in mild Alzheimer's disease. Prospective memory is memory for future intentions, goals, and chores, and the loss of the neurocognitive processes supporting prospective memory may reduce independent functioning (e.g., medication adherence). The current study investigates a technology-based intervention to assist participants with their daily prospective memory tasks. Participants with mild cognitive impairment and mild Alzheimer's disease will be trained to use a smartphone for four weeks. Smartphone acceptability, usability, and overall user experience will be measured. Furthermore, participants will be tested on completion of daily prospective memory tasks. In one group, participants will train to use the smartphone personal assistant reminder system, which reminds participants of their goals, tasks, and chores at the appropriate time or location. In a comparison group, participants will also carry a smartphone but will train to use a memory strategy in which they verbalize external cues to remind them to perform their goals, tasks, and chores. The goal of this research is to inform whether smartphone technology or a memory strategy can be used to reduce memory burden and improve daily, independent functioning in participants with mild Alzheimer's disease.

The current study aims to validate several novel cognitive tasks expected to be sensitive to brain impairment in specific anatomic regions affected in preclinical Alzheimer's disease(pAD). The tasks are validated in 60 cognitively and clinically normal participants ages 60 - 85, inclusive, against reasonably well-established biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease, including 1) simultaneous positron emission tomography (PET) [18F]Flutemetamol amyloid and CT imaging and 2) to the extent data is available from other studies, participants' brain MRI and cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) amyloid and tau.