
Photometric Stereo Endoscopy (PSE) as a Tool for Imaging the Rectum and Colon
Colonic PolypsThe goal of this research is to assess photometric stereo endoscopy (PSE) as an endoscopic imaging technique. Specifically, topographical surface contrast reconstructed from the PSE data will be compared to conventional imaging contrast to assess if PSE provides enhanced contrast of abnormal tissue.

Position Changes During Colonoscope Withdrawal and Polyp Detection
Colonic PolypThe purpose of this study is to determine whether position changes during colonoscope withdrawal affects polyp detection rate. We hypothesize that positions change during scope withdrawal will increase polyp detection rate.

Trainee Participation Increases Colon Adenoma Detection Rate
Colonic PolypPrevious studies that examined whether the presence of an additional observer, more specifically a GI fellow, during colonoscopy can enhance detection of all polyps and adenomas yielded conflicting results. Of note, all of the aforementioned studies were retrospective and robust evidence derived from well-designed randomized controlled trials are lacking. The study objective is to examine whether fellow participation during screening, surveillance, or diagnostic colonoscopy influence overall, size-specific, or location-specific adenoma or polyp detection rate. It will be planned to enroll 812 patients (406 per arms) within 1 year. Adenoma detection rate will be the primary outcome.

Linked-color Imaging for the Detection of Colorectal Flat Lesions
Colonic PolypLinked color imaging (LCI) was recently developed and uses a laser endoscopic system (Fujifilm Co, Tokyo, Japan) that acquires images by simultaneously using narrow-band short-wavelength light and white-light (WL) in an appropriate balance. LCI is a new image-enhancing technology that is intended to enhance slight color differences in the red region of the mucosa. The acquired color information is reallocated to differentiate colors that are similar to the mucosal color, resulting in improved performance in depicting blood vessels, and additional image processing that enhances color separation for red color permits clear visualization of red blood vessels and white pits. This modality may increase the detection rate of colorectal polyps by enhancing the visibility of colonic mucosal vessels. In addition, it has been reported that LCI increases the visibility of colorectal flat lesions and contributes to improvement of the detection rate for these lesions. The primary aim of the current study was to compare the detection rate of colorectal flat lesions of LCI cap-assisted colonoscopy with WL cap-assisted colonoscopy in prospective randomized trial. In addition, we prospectively compared LCI and WL with regard to the visibility of colorectal flat lesions found in this study.

Artificial Intelligence in Colonic Polyp Detection
Polyp of ColonAdenoma Colon1 moreA randomized, controlled study investigating the potential benefits of artificial intelligence (AI) in the detection of colonic polyps during outpatient colonoscopy. Randomization between the use of AI and no AI is performed before the study procedure.

Usefulness of GI-GENIUS in FIT-based Colorectal Cancer Screening Program.
Colorectal NeoplasmsIntestinal Neoplasms6 moreDeep learning technology has an increasing role in medical image applications and, recently, an artificial intelligence device has been developed and commercialized by Medtronic for identification of polyps during colonoscopy (GI-GENIUS). This kind of computer-aided detection (CADe) devices have demonstrated its ability for improving polyp detection rate (PDR) and the adenoma detection rate (ADR). However, this increase in PDR and ADR is mainly made at the expense of small polyps and non advanced adenomas. Colonoscopies after a positive fecal immunochemical test (FIT) could be the scenario with a higher prevalence of advanced lesions which could be the ideal situation for demonstrating if these CADe systems are able also to increase the detection of advanced lesions and which kind of advanced lesions are these systems able to detect. The CADILLAC study will randomize individuals within the population-based Spanish colorectal cancer screening program to receive a colonoscopy where the endoscopist is assisted by the GI-GENIUS device or to receive a standard colonoscopy. If our results are positive, that could suppose a big step forward for CADe devices, in terms of definitive demonstration of being of help for efectively identify also advanced lesions.

Seoul National University Hospital Gangnam-Real Time Optical Diagnosis Program 2: Gangnam-READI2...
Colon PolypAccurate optical diagnosis of colorectal polyps could allow a "resect and discard" strategy based on the results of the optical biopsy. Even though intensive training for optical diagnosis, there is still wide variability in individual endoscopists to meet the PIVI thresholds. The investigators with experience of prior optical diagnosis training perform new education and drill to apply proper high confidence according to their decision time. After the education program, the investigators prospectively evaluate real-time optical biopsy analysis of polyps in 8 academic gastroenterologists.

Inception, Validation and Clinical Utility of a Score to Assess the Completeness of Caecal Visualisation...
Colonic PolypColorectal CancerCCIS is a novel score, created specifically to evaluate the completeness of caecal visualized. It can be applied to a single or multiple images. To create the CCIS, the caecum was divided into eight parts: the appendiceal orifice (AO), the tri-radiate fold part 1 (TF-1), 2 (TF-2), 3 (TF-3) and four outer quadrants (OQ 1-4). The ileo-caecal valve (ICV) is a reference point but is not part of the score. The quadrant adjacent to the ICV is labelled OQ1. The three other quadrants are labelled clockwise from this quadrant. The tri-radiate folds are also labelled clockwise with TF1 representing the triangle side that is majority-contained within OQ1. TF2 and TF3 are then labelled clockwise from TF1.

Polypectomy in Patients Taking Dual Antiplatelet Agents
Colonic PolypsCurrent guidelines recommend discontinuation of antiplatelets (i.e clopidogrel) for 7 days in patients taking DAT (dual antiplatelet therapy) before colonoscopy and polypectomy. The purpose of this study was to examine if a) discontinuation of these drugs reduces bleeding risks during polypectomy and if b) discontinuation of these drugs increases the occurence of thromboembolic events.

Japanese National Computed Tomographic (CT) Colonography Trial
Colonic PolypsColonic NeoplasmsThe purpose of this study is to evaluate the sensitivity of computed tomographic colonography (CTC) in detecting colorectal polyps and cancers in 1,500 subjects at increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC), using optical colonoscopy as the reference standard.