Active clinical trials for "Coronary Disease"

The study aims to compare the efficacy of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) over single antiplatelet therapy (SAPT) in patients with incomplete revascularization after coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG). Before hospital discharge, patients will be 1:1 randomized to SAPT (acetylsalicylic acid 100 mg/die) or DAPT (acetylsalicylic acid 100 mg/die + ticagrelor 90 mg bis in die). DAPT will be continued for 12 months, and ticagrelor will be withdrawn thereafter. Primary endpoint is the evaluation of cardiac-related mortality at 5 years from hospital discharge.

This is a single center, randomized clinical trial (RCT), recruiting 200 patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) who are currently receiving standard care treatment at the cardiology department of Landspítali University Hospital in Reykjavik, Iceland. The RCT will determine whether an interactive health app that supports lifestyle changes can positively impact disease progression and quality of life of CAD patients. Patients will be randomized to receive either the standard of care (SoC) alone or SoC with the addition of the digital app. The digital app will include remote patient monitoring and a patient support program specific for CAD patients. The investigators will study the impact of the digitally delivered lifestyle intervention and remote monitoring on disease progression and on the patients' quality of life.

Sarcopenia is a skeletal muscle disease, characterised by low muscle strength and muscle mass, and associated with higher medical care costs, shorter life expectancy and physical dependence. Sarcopenia affects around 1 in 10 older adults in the general population. However, in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD), this number is almost 3 in 10. Patients who have CHD are offered cardiac rehabilitation (CR); a multicomponent programme designed to improve long-term health outcomes. Nutritional education is an important part of CR and typically focuses around modifying fat and carbohydrate intake to lower cholesterol levels and achieve a healthy weight. Currently there is little focus on increasing protein intake, which might reduce the risk of sarcopenia. Eligible patients with CHD and low protein intake will receive the standard nutritional education delivered during CR. Next, participants will be randomised to one of two groups: protein education (intervention), or standard information (control). Whilst COVID-19 restrictions are in place, education will be delivered remotely via pre-recorded video. Outcome measures, including protein intake, sit to stand performance, sarcopenia risk score (modified SARC-F), Physical Activity Vital Signs (PAVS) and waist circumference, will be assessed at baseline, at the end of the standard CR programme and after a follow-up period of the same duration as the CR programme.

This study will evaluate the efficacy and safety and the best effective dose of Qishen Yiqi Drop Pills in the treatment of chronic heart failure with decreased ejection fraction of CHD (Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome).

The purpose of this study is to see if reducing the number of hours during which one eats each day will help reduce levels of LDL cholesterol and improve other markers of metabolic and cardiovascular health (i.e. blood sugar levels and blood pressure). The study also aims to assess changes in exercise capacity and trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) levels in response to Time Restricted Eating (TRE) and Intensive Cardiac Rehabilitation (ICR) versus ICR alone. TMAO is a metabolite, or a substance, produced during digestion and metabolism. Preliminary data illustrates a correlation between high levels of TMAO and higher risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality. We will also be looking at participants' long-term cardiovascular health status after they complete the ICR program.

The INTERCLIMA (Interventional Strategy for Non-culprit Lesions With Major Vulnerability Criteria Identified by Optical Coherence Tomography in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome) is a multi-center, prospective, randomized trial of optical coherence tomography (OCT)-based versus physiology-based (i.e. fractional flow reserve[FFR]/instantaneous Wave-Free Ratio[iFR]/resting full-cycle ratio[RFR]) treatment of intermediate (40-70% diameter stenosis at quantitative coronary angiography), non-culprit coronary lesions in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients undergoing coronary angiography. About 1400 patients with ACS will be randomized into the study at approximately 40 sites worldwide.

This is a multicenter, prospective, randomized, blinded, controlled clinical study in patients with planned primary valvular surgery and comorbid coronary artery lesions with diameter stenosis of ≥ 50%, to compare the effectiveness of an Quantitative Flow Ratio (QFR)-guided revascularization strategy and a coronary angiography (CAG)-guided revascularization strategy in preventing the incidence of composite outcome (MACE-5, including all-cause death, myocardial infarction, stroke, unplanned coronary revascularization, and new renal failure requiring dialysis) within 30 days after surgery. The study hypothesis is that the QFR-guided strategy can reduce the incidence of the MACE-5 within 30 days after surgery, as compared with the CAG-guided strategy.

The study will compare clinical outcomes of modified T-stenting with Szabo technique with T-stenting for bifurcation lesions in coronary heart diseases.

Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is the visceral fat of the heart. EAT could locally affect the coronary arteries through local secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. EAT plays a role in the development of the coronary artery disease (CAD). EAT is a highly enriched with genes involved in inflammation. Given its rapid metabolism and simple measurability, as first developed by Iacobellis, EAT serves as target for medications targeting the fat. Glucagon-like peptide-1 agonists (GLP-1A) are anti-diabetic medications with recently suggested cardio-protective properties. Liraglutide, a GLP-1A, has recently shown to reduce the cardiovascular risk. Iacobellis'group found that EAT thickness decreased by an unprecedented 36% after 12 weeks of treatment with liraglutide. Remarkably, Iacobellis'group found for the first time that human EAT express GLP-1 Receptor (GLP-1R). GLP-1A effects may be therefore visceral fat specific and target EAT. Based on these preliminary data, we hypothesize that treatment with liraglutide will significantly and rapidly reduce EAT inflammation. Decreased EAT inflammation can reduce the burden of the coronary plaques. We will test our hypothesis in a 12-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, interventional study in 40 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and CAD, with an acceptable glycemic control on their current diabetes regimen who require elective coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) regardless of their participation in the study. A minimum time frame of 4-week treatment will be considered to detect significant changes in the study endpoints. Inclusion criteria for body fat markers will rule out the confounding effect of different body fast distribution at baseline. Study subjects will be randomized in two groups of 20 patients to receive additional liraglutide or to remain on current treatment/ placebo prior to cardiac surgery. CAD subjects not allocated to liraglutide will be started on a supervised low calorie diet (LCD) to achieve approximately 5% of weight loss after from a minimum of 4 weeks up to 12 weeks to avoid the confounding effect of weight loss on the study outcomes. EAT samples will be collected during cardiac surgery and processed for analysis of mRNA and protein expression of EAT inflammatory genes such as Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α) and Interleukin 6 (IL-6), and GLP-1R.

Women with heart disease are more likely to die or suffer another cardiac event or stroke within 5 years of an index event compared to men. They are also more likely to suffer depression and report lower quality of life. Cardiac Rehabilitation programs have been designed to address these issues, but most women do not attend. Women indicate they have a greater need to talk about their experiences with heart disease and seek social support to help them cope. Peer support, the assistance provided by other women with a similar illness experience, may be one way to enhance social support for women with heart disease and help them improve their psychosocial well-being. The Investigators have developed a peer support program called Women@Heart (W@H). The program is led by trained peer leaders (women who themselves have made a successful recovery from a heart event). A pilot test of the program showed promising results. The Investigators now need to conduct a more rigorous evaluation of the program. The main objective of this project is to determine if the W@H program helps women to improve their psychosocial well-being compared to being on a waiting list to participate in the program. It will also examine the effect of the program on: health behaviours (tobacco smoking, physical activity, sedentary behaviour, fruit and vegetable consumption, and medication adherence); coronary risk factors; and clinical outcomes (re-hospitalization, health care system use, death).