Active clinical trials for "Craniocerebral Trauma"

The goal of this study is to answer the following questions: What is the time course of the expected changes in endothelin levels during the first two weeks after injury and how does this relate to outcome? What is the relation between endothelin levels (big ET-1 and ET-1) in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid and type of injury, from CT scans and GCS? What is the relation between endothelin levels (big ET-1 and ET-1) in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid and outcome measurements like GOSE, ICP and CT scans? What is the relation between neurohormones related to the neutral endopeptidase (NEP) (ANP, BNP and cGMP) in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid and type of injury, from CT scans and GCS? What is the relation between endothelin levels (big ET-1 and ET-1) in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid and markers for apoptosis?

This research trial will study discourse processing-that is, how the brain processes the meaning of language. It will examine, for example, how words and sentences are interpreted in cases where more than one meaning is possible. The study will include two parts: An investigation of the role of the prefrontal cortex of the brain in discourse processing will compare test performance of patients with prefrontal cortex damage with that of healthy age-matched normal volunteers. An investigation of the role of aging in discourse processing will compare test performance of young healthy subjects (18 to 40 years old) with older healthy subjects (41 to 80 years old). All study candidates-both normal volunteers and patients with brain damage-must be at least 18 years old, speak English as their native language, have a high school degree or equivalent (GED), read on a minimum fourth grade level and be right-handed. Study candidates who have central nervous system disease, dysfunction or trauma will have a routine history and neurological examination. They will also undergo neuropsychological testing if they have not already done so. Patients with neurological damage who have not had a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan within six months or a year will be asked to undergo this procedure. Study participants will take verbal or written tests; sit in front of a computer screen and press computer keys in response to what they are shown; answer questions from an examiner, which may be tape-recorded; and fill out questionnaires. There will be rest breaks between tasks. The studies will be spread over three to four days, with sessions lasting from 30 minutes to three hours.

The observation through a chart review of persistent pain on neuro psychological functioning and how it applies to the community integration with patients that had suffered traumatic brain injury.

Hypothesis: During severe brain trauma (injury, surgery) the ensuing inflammatory response in the central nervous system (CNS) results in a decrease in the expression of the transporter protein p-glycoprotein (PGP) in the blood brain barrier. This loss results in the penetration into the brain of certain drugs that are normally excluded by the transporter protein. In this study the working hypothesis is that the agitation observed in patients with CNS trauma treated with morphine is related to the inflammation evoked loss of PGP in the blood brain barrier and the accumulation of the morphine metabolite 3-morphine glucuronide.

Many patients who present to the emergency department (ED) receive a vast array of diagnostic tests, some of which might not be useful. Providers often feel obligated to order so many tests to protect themselves against the risk of being sued. The investigators believe if a standard of care providing legal protection for certain clinical conditions were agreed upon and followed, unnecessary testing would significantly decrease in the ED, which, in turn, would improve patient safety, augment the quality of care delivered, and increase patient satisfaction.

The aim is to prospectively assess the association between clinical parameters and the presence of maxillofacial fractures in trauma patients admitted to the emergency department. Our hypothesis is that a clinical decision aid of critical parameters reduces unnecessary produced CT scans in maxillofacial trauma patients.

The purpose of this study is to try to prove the worth of the two (2) Serum Proteins S-100 Beta and NSE in combination with a diagnostic algorithm to help to establish diagnosis in patients with minor head injury.

To assess the realistic magnitude of the header burden in children's and youth' football in eight European countries. In a cross-sectional observational design, one match of 60 different teams in each of the eight European countries were monitored via video recording throughout the second half of the regular season 2017/18 and the first half of the regular season 2018/19. Clubs with (female, male, or mixed) Under-10, Under-12 and female and male Under-16 teams were invited to participate. Header frequencies and types were analysed using standardized heading registration forms. Additionally, head injuries were recorded using standardized head injury registration forms.

The purpose of this study is to determine the sensitivity and specificity of an aid in assessment of concussion based on eye-tracking, in comparison to a clinical reference standard appropriate for the Emergency Department (ED) or concussion clinic.

Head trauma is a common injury in emergency department. Investigation to search for complication is guided by the clinical examination and the case history, such as taking anti-thrombotics. Cranial computed tomography (CCT) is the gold standard to investigate, and is mandatory in case of antithrombotic drugs. Recently, some biomarkers have proven their utility to rule-out mild head trauma without CCT in the general population. Among these biomarkers, S100β protein has been added in guidelines for mild head trauma. Some studies have found similar data in population taking anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs. The investigators aim to prove medical utility of S100β protein in population under antithrombotics, by the reduction of CCT use. Then, The investigators hypothesize that the add of S100β protein reduces cost of health care in the management of head injury in that population.