Active clinical trials for "Cysts"

The aim of this randomized trial is to compare the rate of post-procedure pancreatitis in patients undergoing EUS-FNA of pancreatic cysts; patients will receive either a single dose of indomethacin or placebo administered rectally, during EUS-FNA.

Complex renal cysts are often incidentally detected on imaging. The differential diagnosis of the complex renal cyst includes various benign cystic lesions, which are based on the Bosniak classification scheme. Currently the standard of care in evaluating a complex renal cyst is using a contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) scan, or a contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan. Since both of these modalities present adverse events due to frequent high doses of radiation, a technique such as a contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) can be used to obtain the same results, without having to impose high doses of radiation upon a patient.

Biomedical research consists of two main parts. In the first part, the pilonidal cyst-specific quality of life questionnaire is compiled, adapted, validated, tested for suitability in assessing patients after pilonidal cyst operations. The second part will compare two pilonidal cyst operations. A prospective, comparative, randomized clinical study will be conducted.

Pancreatic cancer is the fifth leading cause of cancer mortality in Hong Kong and the seventh leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. In 2020, approximately 496000 new cases of pancreatic cancers were diagnosed globally . Pancreatic cancer is a highly fatal cancer with a case-fatality rate of 94.0% globally. In Hong Kong, both the incidence and mortality of pancreatic cancer have increased over the past decade. Due to the deep-seated location of pancreas, it is difficult to diagnose pancreatic cancer at an early stage, which in turn leads to delays in cancer treatment and poorer survival. Despite advances in oncologic treatment, the 5-year survival rate of metastatic pancreatic cancer remains poor (~2.9%). As such, there has been growing interest to improve pancreatic cancer prevention and survival by: reduction of modifiable risk factors (eg, cigarette smoking, obesity, diabetes), screening for early detection of high-risk pre-malignant lesions in selected high-risks patients with strong family history of pancreatic cancer and/or certain germline mutations of pancreatic cancer susceptibility genes (eg, BRCA1, BRAC2, DNA mismatch repair genes in Lynch Syndrome, etc) by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or endoscopic ultrasound (EUS), and surveillance of pre-malignant precursor lesions such as mucinous pancreatic cystic neoplasms (PCN) by imaging and/or EUS to identify high-risk neoplastic progression indicated for surgical resection.

Researchers are trying to find out whether new tests ("biomarkers") of blood, stool, pancreas cyst fluid, or pancreas juice can be used to diagnose malignant or pre-malignant changes in pancreas cysts.

Puberty and long-term ovarian function of patients with a ovarian prenatal cyst has not described to date.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of computer aided diagnostic tool for neck masses using machine learning and deep learning techniques on clinical information and radiological images in children.

The prevalence of pancreatic cysts in the general population is high close to 1%. The diagnosis is most of the time fortuitous thanks to the improvement of the imaging resources available. These lesions include a large number of entities, some of with malignant potential. Mucinous lesions present a high risk of tumor transformation, justifying surgery, which is sometimes heavy. It appears essential to select the best patients to benefit from this type of treatment. For this purpose, the accuracy of the diagnostic means must be optimal. The Fine Needle Aspiration under Endoscopic ultrasound, validated in this context, have a low complication rate. It allows a cytological evaluation and analysis of tumor markers measurements in cystic fluid. However, cytopathological evaluation is only contributing in 1/3 to half of cases. The assays of markers (including the main one ACE) have high specificities but high insufficient sensitivities (less than 50%). Molecular techniques (K-RAS mutation in particular), of variable availability, allow to increase the sensitivity in association with the other diagnostic parameters. But the rate of false negatives remains above 20% to date. A diagnostic means to obtain a histology of the cyst wall would reduce considerably the risk of error. The Moray™ micro forceps is forceps that aims to provide a tissue sample of the wall of the pancreatic cyst. It is inserted into a commonly used 19 Gauge needle during the puncture of the cyst under endoscopic ultrasound. It could increase the accuracy diagnosis of the procedure. These forceps has recently become available to the practitioner and has obtained the CE marking. To date, no quality multi-center prospective evaluation has determined the capacity of to obtain a histology of the pancreatic cystic walls by this technique. Its safety must be also be accurately assessed.

This study aims to compare the efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided percutaneous ethanol injection and percutaneous polidocanol injection for the treatment of benign cystic and predominantly cystic thyroid nodules.

This Pilot study will enable development & assessment of a Polycystic Liver Disease-specific patient reported outcomes questionnaire (PLD-Q). Polycystic liver disease (PLD) is characterized by the formation of numerous cysts in the liver, and can lead to severe symptomatic hepatomegaly. It is common in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic liver disease (ADPLD) and autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD).