Active clinical trials for "Delirium"

This study will investigate if enteric feeding schedules alter the development of delirium in Intensive Care Unit patients who have been placed on mechanical ventilation. Delirium is an altered state of consciousness, which can involve agitation, inattention, and decreased awareness. We will enroll Intensive Care Unit patients who have been placed on a ventilator and are being given tube feedings. We will randomize participants into two groups: one group will receive continuous feedings via feeding tube, and the other group will receive feedings on a schedule to mimic breakfast, lunch, a snack, and dinner. Subjects will be assessed for the development of delirium. Subjects will also be monitored for sleep quality and biomarkers of circadian rhythm.

The primary objective of this monocenter randomized controlled trial is to assess the efficacy of aromatherapy to prevent delirium in patients hospitalized in an intensive care unit.

B-FREE is a pragmatic, multicentre, cluster crossover trial evaluating whether a policy limiting the use of intra-operative benzodiazepine reduces post-operative delirium when compared with a policy of 'ad libitum' administration. The knowledge generated by this study will provide the basis for cardiac anesthesia practice guidelines.

Ventilated pediatric patients are frequently over-sedated and the majority suffer from delirium, a form of acute brain dysfunction that is an independent predictor of increased risk of dying, length of stay, and costs. Universally prescribed sedative medications-the GABA-ergic benzodiazepines-worsen this brain organ dysfunction and independently prolong duration of ventilation and ICU stay, and the available alternative sedation regimen using dexmedetomidine, an alpha-2 agonist, has been shown to be superior to benzodiazepines in adults, and may mechanistically impact outcomes through positive effects on innate immunity, bacterial clearance, apoptosis, cognition and delirium. The mini-MENDS trial will compare dexmedetomidine and midazolam, and determine the best sedative medication to reduce delirium and improve duration of ventilation, and functional, psychiatric, and cognitive recovery in our most vulnerable patients-survivors of pediatric critical illness.

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a highly effective treatment for some psychiatric disorders like major depressive or bipolar disorder, but may lead to agitation and delirium after the procedure in up to 65% of patients. This can have negative side effects and be dangerous for patient and attending staff. Clonidine, a central-acting alpha2-receptor agonist, is an approved antihypertensive medication with known sedative side effects. Clonidine's newer but more expensive successor, dexmedetomidine, has recently shown its potential to reduce this kind of delirium. The investigators therefore hypothesise that pre-treatment with 2 mcg/kg clonidine prior to electroconvulsive therapy will significantly reduce the incidence of postictal delirium. This potentially makes a highly efficient treatment for patients with otherwise refractory psychiatric illness safer and more accessible.

The investigators hypothesise that the daily administration of 0.5L alcohol-containing wheat beer at 8 pm over a study period of 6 days in a row leads to a lower prevalence of delirium compared to water following the same administration scheme.

Various pharmacological interventions in peri-operative period have been used in literature to prevent ED which include use of propofol, fentanyl, ketamine, clonidine, midazolam and dexmedetomidine etc (5). Dexmedetomidine is a potent highly selective alpha-2 agonist. Its effect on the receptors in brain results in sedation resembling non-REM sleep with minimal respiratory depression (6). It has been used as continuous infusion or as fixed dose in the range between 0.15 mcg/kg to 2 mcg/kg to prevent ED in children (7, 8, 9). Higher doses result in better prevention of ED at the expense of more hemodynamic disturbances and longer PACU stay (9) while lower doses were not as effective (7). The aim of this study was to investigate the role of fixed dose of 0.2 mcg/kg dexmedetomidine in prevention of emergence delirium in pediatric patients undergoing general anesthesia.

low-dose quetiapine may be effective in preventing delirium in patients. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of quetiapine for delirium prophylaxis in cabg

To observe the effect of preoperative anti-PD-1 monotherapy combined with chemotherapy on patients' perioperative pain and opioid analgesia, and evaluate its effect on the incidence and severity of patients' postoperative delirium.

Postoperative delirium (POD) is a common and distressing complication after thoracic surgery. S-ketamine has neuroprotective properties as a dissociative anesthetic. Emerging literature has indicated that S-ketamine can reduce cognitive impairment in depressed patients. However, the role of S-ketamine in preventing postoperative delirium is still unknown. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the effect of intraoperatively prophylactic S-ketamine compared to dexmedetomidine on the incidence of postoperative delirium in elderly patients undergoing non-cardiac thoracic surgery.