Active clinical trials for "Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2"

Enhanced and prolonged postprandial triglyceride responses involve increased cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetes. It has been demonstrated that dietary fat and carbohydrates profoundly influence postprandial hypertriglyceridemia in type 2 diabetes, whereas little information exists about the effect of proteins. The purpose of this study is to compare the effects of the proteins casein, whey, cod, and gluten on postprandial lipid and incretin responses to a high-fat meal in type 2 diabetes.

The purpose of this study is to determine of the effectiveness of an Internet based Diabetes Self-Management workshop for people with type II diabetes. Half of the people who complete the workshop will be invited to continue their education by participating in a email discussion group. Thus, we will be able to learn both the efficacy of the original program as well as its efficacy when reinforced by the discussion group. Diabetes is a disease that must be managed day by day by the individual with the disease. Although we know a great deal about the self-management of type II diabetes, most self-management is less than optimal. In addition, most people with diabetes do not have an opportunity to participate in formal diabetes education. This study will determine if an Internet delivered educational workshop will help people with diabetes manage their disease. Thus we will be measuring changes in behaviors, changes in symptoms and changes in HbA1c, blood pressure, cholesterol, and weight. If successful the workshop will serve as a prototype for Internet diabetes education.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus, T2D is a disease characterized by an immense growing prevalence world wide with an increased risk of myocardial infarction and stroke. GLP-1 has convincing effects on the high glucose levels in type 2 diabetic patients and is well tolerated. New animal studies indicate a protective effect of GLP-1 in the brain and the heart. The mechanism behind this is yet not known. The study hypothesis is that GLP-1 will stimulate glucose-uptake in the brain and heart independent of insulin and thereby exert its protective effects.

Patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus have an higher risk developing secondary disorders. In an epidemiological longitudinal study of about 1.150 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus we investigate determinants and predictors for long-term prognosis. The patients are recruited and supervised in practices of general practitioners of the administrative district of Ludwigsburg/Heilbronn (Baden-Württemberg, Germany). In a subgroup of about 200 patients with a dissatisfactory metabolic status (HbA1c > 7,5%) a randomised interventional study is performed. The intervention comprises a telephone counseling by the medical secretary of each practice executed in a predefined period of time. The outcome parameters of interest are the change of HbA1c, the development of secondary disorders and adverse events, quality of life and risk factor control, as well as hospitalization and mortality. The aim of the study was to develop an patient-centred instrument implementable in the routine medical care in order to enhance the prognosis of patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus.

This study represents the first administration of GSK376501 in humans and the goal is to evaluate its initial safety and tolerability. The way the human body processes GSK376501 will also be determined.

Diabetes mellitus imposes a major burden on the public health of the United States, leading annually to over 300,000 deaths and over $130 billion in costs. This burden falls disproportionately upon ethnic minority groups, particularly African Americans, who are at excess risk for the development of type 2 diabetes and for a variety of its most serious complications. Suboptimal health care - in terms of access, quality, and adherence -appears to be an important contributing factor. Prior work suggests two possible approaches aimed at prevention to enhance risk factor control in outpatients with type 2 diabetes. One approach uses Nurse Case Managers (NCMs) to coordinate care plans with the provider team following protocols/clinical guidelines and algorithms designed to guide treatment including initiating and adjusting drug therapy, enhancing continuity of care, promoting interventions and self-management which include educational and behavioral strategies incorporating feedback and self-regulation. Another approach uses Community Health Workers (CHWs) to enhance culturally sensitive outreach, linkage, and monitoring service; to provide important patient and family education; and to improve access to and continuity of care. Results indicate that this intensive team approach, compared to usual care alone, produces substantial improvements in metabolic control. However, the cost-effectiveness of such interventions is unknown in the ''real-world''. This has led to our current study, a randomized controlled trial within a managed care organization to determine the effects of a NCM/CHW team on metabolic control, on the occurrence of diabetes-related health events, health care utilization, and on direct health care costs. The participants will be African American adults with type 2 diabetes who receive primary care within a managed care organization in inner-city Baltimore.

Around 10% has type 2 diabetes in Greenland, despite being a practically unknown disease only six decades ago. The drastic increase is of great concern, especially considering the transition that have occurred during the same decades going from a fisher-hunter lifestyle towards a more western lifestyle. Today, traditional marine foods are still increasingly being replaced by imported foods high in refined sugar (sucrose) and starch. Furthermore, recent studies discovered that the Greenlandic population harbors a different genetic architecture behind type 2 diabetes. Hence, obtaining more knowledge on interactions between lifestyle, genetics, and metabolism is therefore crucial in order to ameliorate the growing curve, or maybe even turn it around. Sucrose intolerance is in general rare; however, it is a common condition in Greenland and other Inuit populations. Here it is caused by a genetic variant in the sucrase-isomaltase (SI) gene, resulting in complete loss of enzyme function and hence an inability to digest sucrose and some of the glycosidic bonds in starch, both carbohydrates that are not part of the traditional Inuit diet. A recent, unpublished study found the variant to be associated with lower BMI, body fat percentage, bodyweight, and lipid levels independent of the lower intake of refined sugar. This might be explained by differences in the metabolism of carbohydrates and in the gut microbiota. The healthier phenotype was confirmed by a SI knockout mouse model, which furthermore interestingly indicated that the variant might alter food and taste preferences. It is anticipated that the drastic increase in type 2 diabetes in Greenland can be explained at least partly by the complex interaction between lifestyle and genetics. Therefore, the aim is to investigate if metabolic and microbial differences can explain the healthier phenotype of the homozygous carriers of the SI variant than wildtype individuals amd perform a 3-day cross-over dietary intervention using assigning subjects to a traditional Greenlandic diet and a Western diet. Moreover, the aim is to assess whether their food and taste preferences are different. The study will help us to understand the complex interactions between lifestyle, behavior, genetics, the microbiota and the host metabolism.

Diabetes Mellitus (DM), insulin secretion, insulin action or this It is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia caused by a defect in both of these factors. It is an important public health problem that causes organ and function losses due to the complications it creates, negatively affects the life span and quality, and creates a social and economic burden.Diabetic foot, known as an important complication of DM, is an important problem in that it causes deterioration in the quality of life of the patient, frequent and long-term hospitalizations, serious increase in the cost of treatment, lower extremity amputations and increased mortality. As a result of the literature review, it was assumed that the level of knowledge about diabetic foot care could affect diabetic foot care behaviors, self-efficacy and possible diabetic foot complications. In addition to conventional information, a Web-based education based on a health belief model can create awareness in individuals and minimize the risk of diabetic foot ulceration or amputation. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of web-based diabetic foot care training prepared according to SIM on the knowledge levels, self-efficacy and care behaviors of individuals with diabetes.

T2DM patient will be recruited from endocrine OPD Clinical History and Examination: General Physical Examination: Height (cm) weight (kg) BMI (kg/m2) Blood Pressure (mmHg) Anthropometry: Circumferences and skinfold thickness will be recorded for the patients in the following manner. Circumferences: Waist circumference (cm) Hip circumference (cm) Mid-arm circumference (cm) Mid-thigh circumference (cm) Skin fold thickness: Skin fold thickness will be measured by using (LANGE skin fold calipers) (to nearest of 1 mm) at the following sites Biceps (mm) Triceps (mm) Thigh (mm) Calf (mm) Sub scapular (mm) Supra-iliac (mm) Anterior axillary fold. (mm) Biochemical Test: The biochemical analysis will be done using ELISA kit or commercially available kits Blood glucose (mg/dL) HbA1c (%) Serum insulin (μIU/mL) Total Cholestrol (mg/dl) Triglyceride (mg/dl) Fructosamine (umol/L) Adiponectin (µg/ml) -- HOMA-IR Body Composition Analysis (TANITA)

Diseases caused by brain energy supply defects can be innate (fibromyalgia secondary to familial mitochondrial disorders) or acquired (tardive dyskinesia or weight gain associated with prolonged antipsychotic use). Patients with these possible mitochondrial disorders will provide a baseline resting heart rate sample, ingest low-dose metformin (500 mg), and then provide an additional sample 2 hours later.