Active clinical trials for "Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2"

This study will investigate the effect of exercise training on 24h rhythms in substrate metabolism in overweight subjects with impaired glucose tolerance. Subjects will perform exercise training for 12 weeks. Before and after the exercise period, they will be admitted to research facilities for 45 hours to assess 24h rhythms in substrate metabolism. In a single-arm longitudinal design, subjects will serve as their own control.

Goal to evaluate the feasibility of conducting a large study that would assess the safety of carbohydrate drinks (i.e. juice) prior to elective colorectal surgery in patients with type 2 diabetes. Traditionally, prior to surgeries involving general anesthetic, patients have been told not to eat or drink anything after midnight due to the risk of aspiration. More recent research have shown that it is safe to have clear fluids up to 2 hours before an operation and this is reflected in the current anesthesia clinical guidelines. It is currently not known if it is safe for patients with type 2 diabetes to have a sugar drink before their surgery since they have trouble processing sugars and a subset of patients with diabetes are at increased risk to aspiration due to delayed gastric emptying.

The Primary Care Diabetes Support Program (PCDSP) offers a lifestyle medicine program, STAND, that patients can self-select themselves to participate. STAND offers biweekly, one-hour educational classes. With the onset of COVID-19, the clinic has moved virtually, but has yet to offer an individualized exercise program. Little evidence is available on utilizing telemedicine and wearable technologies combined in a clinical exercise setting. This is a 6-week single cohort prospective study assessing the feasibility of incorporating wearable activity trackers and individualized exercise prescriptions in the PCDSP's virtually delivered, STAND program in an adult population with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Roughly 15-20 participants will be recruited. Participants will attend the bi-weekly STAND classes and track their step counts daily using FitBits, trying to achieve individually prescribed step counts. Participants receive a brief follow up phone call every other week. The primary outcomes assessed will be recruitment and retention rates, as well as acceptability of, and adherence to, the virtual program. Acceptability will be assessed by an exit survey and mean number of reported technological issues. Adherence will be number of classes attended and percent of days with FitBit worn (>500 steps) and average percent Libre sensor is active. Change in self-efficacy levels, diabetes emotional related distress, exercise volume, glucose control and fitness levels will secondarily be assessed.

This study aimed therefore to evaluate bone density (BD) and OPG levels in the peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF) in lased controlled type II Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients versus non-lased T2DM patients. 40 T2DM patients were included in this study. Implants were randomly inserted in 20 non-lased T2DM patients (Control) and 20 lased T2DM patients (Intervention). BD and OPG levels in the PICF were assessed in both groups at the follow up points.

Ketone bodies are produced in the liver at high levels of fatty acids, and act as an important source of energy for the brain and heart during fasting. The energy production from ketone metabolism is less oxygen-demanding than both glucose and fatty acid metabolism, and ketone substances can therefore be a very energy-efficient substrate for the heart. Insulin-resistant people as well as people with heart disease have difficulty burning glucose in the heart due to the insulin resistant condition and are therefore dependent on other energy sources such as free fatty acids and ketones. Because ketones are oxygen-sparing compared to fatty acids, interventions that increase the level of ketone bodies can potentially reduce the heart's need for oxygen in patients with narrowed coronary arteries. PET/CT is a functional and non-invasive imaging modality and suitable for tracking the fate of metabolites non-invasively, as most substrates or metabolites can be labeled by a PET isotope. The purpose of this experiment is therefore to validate a new ketone tracer called 3-[11C]-OHB. Implementation of the 3-[11C]-OHB tracer will in future allow the investigators to more directly estimate the impact of different levels of ketone bodies on organ functions by measuring tissue-specific ketone uptake, both after intravenous and oral administration.

The major source of mortality and morbidity of diabetic patients is cardiovascular disease (CVD). Moreover, in CVD patients the presence of diabetes is associated with the increased risk of major adverse cardiac events as compared to patients without diabetes. The pathophysiology of macrovascular complications in T2D is not fully understood and involves: 1/ induction of oxidative stress, 2/ the formation of advanced glycation end products, 3/ activation of blood coagulation and platelet aggregation, 4/ increased inflammation, 5/ altered secretion of adipokines in obese subjects and 6/ endothelial dysfunction. All those mechanisms in T2D patients could potentially be a subject of new therapeutic interventions. A therapy that continues to show promise in T2D patients with CVD is supplementation with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). Clinical studies have indicated that omega-3 PUFA decrease the risk of major cardiovascular events, although the mechanism of action is not completely understood. Moreover, there were no trials exploring the mechanisms and outcomes of omega-3 treatment in T2D patients with CVD. Despite that fact, Polish Diabetes Association guidelines recommend the use of omega-3 PUFA in patients with diabetes in the prevention of macrovascular complications. Moreover, it is unclear whether the benefits of modifying the pathophysiological processes during supplementation with omega-3 PUFA occur only in patients with their deficiency or in all patients with type 2 diabetes. Potential benefits of omega-3 PUFA in such patients are: 1/ decreased oxidative stress, 2/ decreased platelet aggregation and reduction of hypercoagulable state, 3/ anti-inflammatory effects, 4/ improvement in endothelial function. All those effects were explored previously with inconsistent findings. There is very limited information from clinical studies on the mechanisms and benefits of omega-3 PUFA in T2D patients with CVD. The objective of the current study is to evaluate the effects of omega-3 PUFA administered on top of optimal therapy of atherosclerotic vascular disease and T2D on endothelial function, platelet aggregation and thrombotic, inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers.

Given that the tocotrienols have been shown to possess neuroprotective effects and that both type 1 and type 2 diabetes can lead to peripheral neuropathy and cognitive impairment, the present study aims to determine the beneficial effects of tocotrienols in ameliorating such neurological related events in both type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients.

Glycemic control is fundamental in the management of diabetes mellitus .If lifestyle intervention and full tolerated doses of one or two oral glucose lowering drugs (OGLDs) fail to achieve or sustain glycemic goals, insulin should be initiated. New insulin analogs are generated to improve glycemic control .New insulin analogs are generated to improve glycemic control,However, the cost of these analogs is a major problem .The aim of this piggy back evaluation was to assess the effect of Glargine insuline versus NPH plus regular human insulin on metabolic control as well as its cost-effectiveness in people with type 2 diabetes in the Iranian setting.

A cluster randomized trial to assess the efficacy of the Diabetes Medication Choice decision aid among Greek patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus compared with usual care. The tool will serve as a facilitator for the Shared Decision Making process.

The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and tolerability of LY2405319. It was given as a daily injection under the skin to participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) for 28 days. This study determined how long the drug stays in the body and how it affects blood sugar levels. After screening, the study lasted about 2 months for each participant. Participants continued their prestudy regimen of diet and exercise alone or in combination with metformin.