Active clinical trials for "Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2"

The investigators seek to examine the metabolic changes that occur amongst obese and lean pregnant women with normal glycemic control as well as pregnant women with diabetes mellitus (gestational diabetes and pre-existing type 2 diabetes mellitus) compared to non-pregnant age matched controls. Given the adaptive tendency of the maternal body to use alternative energy sources such as ketones and free fatty acids rather than glucose and to shunt glucose and amino acids to the fetus, the investigators hypothesize that the amino acid and fatty acid profile will be reflective of this adaptive change and that maternal insulin resistance will result in alterations in this pattern in both the plasma and CSF. Furthermore, the investigators also hypothesize that maternal degrees of insulin resistance will also be reflected in CSF hormonal changes.

General anesthesia can be considered as a combination of hypnosis, antinociception and immobility. Explore the effect of three kinds of anesthesia,that is the total intravenous anesthesia, inhalation anesthesia and inhalation and intravenous anesthesia on stress reactions generated by patients with diabetes conducted gastric - bypass surgery , and choose a best way from three kinds of anesthesia to control stress reaction of diabetics. After selecting the appropriate anesthesia method, assess the effect of dexmedetomidine on controlling stress response from diabetics undergoing laparoscopic gastric-bypass surgical.

The purpose of the Southeastern Diabetes Initiative Clinical Intervention is to augment existing standard of care in an effort to (1) improve population level diabetes management, health outcomes and quality of life for diagnosed and undiagnosed adults living with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, (2) reduce disparities in diabetes management, health outcomes and quality of life for adults living with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, and (3) reduce healthcare costs associated with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Irisin is a signaling protein that is released into the blood from skeletal muscle after proteolysis of the membrane protein FNDC5 . FNDC5, encoded by the Fndc5 gene. Irisin activity on subcutaneous white adipose tissue, both in culture and in vivo, stimulated UCP1 expression and induction of brown adipocytes in white adipose tissue depots, a process known as white fat ''browning''. Irisin increases total energy expenditure in animal models, and irisin expression in mice fed a high fat diet resulted in a significant improvement in glucose tolerance and a reduction in fasting insulin levels. Collectively, these data suggest that decreased serum irisin levels may be associated with the development of insulin resistance and Type 2 diabetes. Indeed, some studies showed that irisin levels were decreased in newly diagnosed Type 2 diabetes. Endothelial dysfunction is an early physiological event in atherosclerosis. However, to date, no data are available on the relationship between circulating irisin and endothelial dysfunction in diabetes. Therefore, the investigators hypothesized that circulating irisin level is associated with endothelial dysfunction.

Diabetes mellitus affects > 171 million people worldwide, with type II diabetes being the most prevalent, affecting 85-95% of the diabetic population. Unfortunately, despite conventional medical treatment, some diabetic patients do not seem to be able to reach desirable metabolic control. This is a double-blinded, randomized study investigating the effects of triclosan containing toothpaste (commercial name: Colgate Total) on the response to periodontal treatment in type II diabetic patients with periodontal disease. The investigators believe that using triclosan containing toothpaste during periodontal treatment will decrease the local inflammatory response and that this reduction will improve periodontal status and metabolic control.

Antiplatelet therapy with aspirin-clopidogrel reduces the risk of cardiovascular episodes after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with acute coronary syndromes. However, a significant number of patients experience recurrent events while on such therapy. The individual response to dual antiplatelet therapy is not uniform, and consistent findings across multiple investigations support the association between a lower degree of platelet inhibition, high on-treatment platelet reactivity, and the occurrence of atherothrombotic events [1, 2]. Particularly in diabetic patients, clopidogrel resistance is more prevalent compared with non-diabetics [3,4], which seems to contribute to the increased atherothrombotic risk in these patients compared with those without diabetes mellitus (DM) [5]. A number of platelet function instruments have now become available that are simple to use and can be utilized as point-of-care (POC) instruments in order to monitor antiplatelet therapy and potentially assess the risk of a recurrent event [6].

This trial is conducted in Europe. The aim of this trial is to investigate efficacy and safety of NovoMix® 30 (biphasic insulin aspart 30) or Levemir® (insulin detemir) in subjects with type 1 or 2 diabetes mellitus.

This study is conducted in Europe. The aim of the study is to observe the safety of insulin detemir (Levemir®) in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes patients.

In this prospective, non interventional, observational Post Marketing Survelliance study data are obtained on the efficacy, safety and tolerability of Glucobay treatment on top of metformin under daily life treatment conditions.Specifically investigated is the influence of Glucobay on Post Prandial Blood Glucose and HbA1c as well as on pateint's weight when added to an already existing metformin therapy.The study is planned to carried out in 25000 - 30000 patients from 200 trial sites in India.The PMS study will be performed with commercially available medication prescribed within regular practice of the physician. No other examination will be performed than would be done without Post Marketing Survelliance study.

The objective of this regulatory Post-Marketing Surveillance in Korea is to reconfirm the clinical usefulness of Exenatide through collecting, reviewing, identifying and verifying the safety and effectiveness information about Exenatide in general practice.