Active clinical trials for "Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2"

Nocturnal reduction in blood oxygen is expected independently associated with the development of worsened glycemic control in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The aim of the present study is to assess the correlation between nocturnal oxygen desaturation assessed by overnight pulse oximetry and glycemic control in diabetic patients with obstructive sleep apnea.

The purpose of this observational study is to assess effectiveness and tolerability of gliclazide MR 60mg during RAMADAN in a real world setting in 9 countries from Asia Pacific and Middle East/North Africa

Current treatments for type 2 diabetes (e.g., lifestyle changes and clinical interventions such as medication), have been shown to be unsustainable due to low levels of physical activity and increasing clinical costs. Therefore, scientists have been looking for new treatments to address this issue. One such treatment that is being investigated is passive heating (e.g., hot baths, saunas, etc.). In this study the investigators want to ascertain what passive heating, if any, individuals with T2DM currently do, what their perceptions of passive heating would be if it were to become a treatment, what may make it easier or more difficult for them to engage in passive heating, and how this might impact other areas of their life such as physical activity.

The primary endpoint of this study is to compare the humoral response (titre and neutralizing capacity of induced antibodies) against SARS-CoV-2 following vaccination with BNT162b2 (Pfizer BioNTech) in immunocompromised persons, in comparison to healthy subject. Secondary objectives are to evaluate the humoral response in the nasal mucosa, and the capacity of antibodies to neutralize emerging variants of concerns and to prevent COVID-19.

The role of methylase system and Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) in the accelerated atherosclerotic progression of diabetic patients is unclear. Authors will evaluate methylase activity and PCSK9 in carotid plaques of asymptomatic diabetic and non diabetic patients, as well as the effect of statin added to PCSK9 inhibitors (PCSK9i) therapy vs. statin alone in diabetic plaques. Plaques will be obtained from 43 type 2 diabetic and 30 non diabetic patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy. Diabetic patients will receive statin therapy (n 23) or statin plus PCSK9i (140 mg of evolocumab; n 20) or placebo (n 23) for 4 months before scheduled endarterectomy. Plaques will be analyzed for macrophages (CD68), T-cells (CD3), inflammatory cells (HLADR), methylase activity, nuclear factor (NF)-KB, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, nitrotyrosine, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and collagen content (immunohistochemistry and enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay. Authors' study hypothesis is that methylase and PCSK9 over-activity will be associated with enhanced inflammatory reaction and NF-KB expression in diabetic plaques. Secondly, the inhibition of methylase activity in atherosclerotic lesions of diabetic patients by metformin plus SLGT2i might be associated with morphological and compositional characteristics of a potential stable plaque phenotype, possibly by down regulating NF-KB-mediated inflammatory pathways.

According to the different epidemiological studies in Mexico the prevalence of diabetic nephropathy is 9.1%-40% in diabetic patients, however the complication is subdiagnosed when we see the numbers of uncontrolled diabetics (75%) and patients that are under continuous screening to prevent complications development (only 12.6% had an annual albuminuria measurement). In addition, Mexican have an increased susceptibility to developing diabetic nephropathy. These data highlight the need to identify new biomarkers that could help us to identify those patients at high risk for developing diabetic nephropathy, in order to take preventing measures to delay the progress of the disease to CKD and improve the quality of the patients. Thus, the comparison of transcriptomic profile between diabetic patients with and without diabetic nephropathy is the first step to characterize this complication. In addition, we will be able to identify diabetic nephropathy biomarkers for development of new diagnostic tools and even to find therapeutic targets in Mexican from Hospital Juárez de México.

Clinical and epidemiological studies suggest links between cognitive impairments and Type 2 diabetes (T2DM). The underlying mechanisms and causality in diabetes-related cognitive impairment are largely unknown. The aim of this study is to investigate cognitive impairment and the role of BDNF in prediabetes and diabetes patients.

This is an observational study in which patients with chronic kidney diseases (CKD), type 2 diabetes (T2D) or heart failure (HF) who are current or past users of sMRA therapies are studied. sMRA stands for steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists. CKD is a long-term, progressive decrease in the kidneys' ability to work properly. Type 2 diabetes is a condition in which the body does not make enough of a hormone called insulin or does not use insulin well resulting in high blood sugar levels. HF is a condition in which the heart does not pump blood as well as it should. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is a hormone system that works with the kidneys to control blood pressure and the balance of fluid and electrolytes (like salt) in the blood. The RAAS has been a treatment target of heart and kidney diseases for decades. One of these classes of medications is called mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) antagonists (MRAs). MRAs work to directly block the action of a hormone called aldosterone. Aldosterone is produced naturally by the adrenal glands, and it can increase the blood volume and blood pressure. Using MRAs therapies can help prevent strokes, heart attacks and kidney problems. Spironolactone was the first available MRA in the US with its approval in 1960. Eplerenone is another MRA which has been available since 2002. Both spironolactone and eplerenone are known as steroidal MRA (sMRA) due to their chemical structures. The main purpose of this study is to collect more data on the characteristics of patients who are taking sMRA currently and those who have discontinued sMRA therapy in the past 12 months. To do this, patients who have received sMRA in the most recent 12 months will be invited to participate in the study and asked to complete surveys if they agree to join the study. Patients will be found from administrative claims in a database called HealthCore Integrated Research Database (HIRD). And the other purposes of the study are to learn more about: the indications for sMRA therapy the frequency and symptoms of reported side effects of sMRA treatment the treatment satisfaction and effectiveness as well as potential reasons for treatment continuation/discontinuation of sMRA therapies Besides this data collection, no further tests or examinations are planned in this study. The participants will receive their treatments as prescribed by their doctors during routine practice according to the approved product information. Researchers will look at the health information from adult men and women in the US only if applicable who are current/past users of sMRA therapies with diagnosis of CKD or T2D or HF, consent to participate in the study.

Application of vibration has been previously shown to affect tissue perfusion and utilized in different branches of medicine. Little is known about the acute impact of vibration application on peripheral artery hemodynamics. In this study, investigators intend to assess: vibration induced hemodynamic changes in brachial artery in non-diabetic patients and compare the characteristics of these alterations with flow mediated dilation mediated changes in same cohort. compare the characteristics of vibration mediated hemodynamic alterations in diabetic and non-diabetic subgroups.

Nutrition is essential in the treatment and management of Type 2 Diabetes. The importance of adding foods with anti-inflammatory effects to daily diet plans in ensuring glycemic control, preventing the progression of diabetes, and reducing the risk of complications in the future is revealed by new studies added to the literature every day. This study aimed to determine the effects of the dietary inflammatory index (DII) on inflammation markers and metabolic parameters by determining the food consumption status of adults with type 2 diabetes who have good glycemic control.