Active clinical trials for "Diarrhea"

This is a prospective multicenter pediatric double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled, parallel group clinical trial intended to evaluate the efficacy, safety and tolerability of a combined probiotic (LGG and L. reuteri LMG P-27481) in the prevention of antibiotic associated diarrhea and gastrointestinal symptoms in hospitalised children treated with antibiotics for proven or suspected bacterial infection.

Due to the high incidence, cancer and the concomitant presence of malnutrition are currently a worldwide public health problem. The loss of weight and body tissues is a common condition in cancer patients with lesions of the airways and digestive tract and is related to anorexia and the presence and duration of gastrointestinal symptoms, such as diarrhea. The latter directly interferes with the progression of enteral diets, which are administered in order to provide adequate nutritional support for the recovery of patients and nutritional status. In this sense, the importance of measures to help reduce diarrhea episodes is reinforced, aiming at the adequate infusion of enteral diets and, consequently, nutritional needs. It is known that the use of antimicrobials is closely related to the increased incidence of nasocomial diarrhea, as it facilitates colonization by pathogenic bacteria, such as Clostridium difficile. In addition, nosocomial diarrhea is a very relevant occurrence due to the financial burden it causes for the hospital institution, which can also worsen the patient's clinical condition, since he is weakened due to the underlying disease. Despite these important aspects, studies carried out with the aim of reducing diarrhea episodes in patients with airway and digestive lesions are still not described in the literature. In this context, the use of symbiotics presents itself as a possibly beneficial alternative, considering the role of probiotics and prebiotics in the modulation of intestinal function. In this sense, this work aims to evaluate the impact of perioperative supplementation with symbiotic on clinical outcomes and intestinal function of patients with colon cancer and digestive airways undergoing colorectal resection. It is assumed that the use of symbiotics could have better results than the use of probiotics and isolated prebiotics.

In this study, patients taking pyrrolitinib alone or combined with pyrrolitinib were recruited (170 cases of secondary prevention and 300 cases of non-secondary prevention). Non-secondary prevention: Explore the recovery time of oral loperamide 4mg T.I.D. for pyrrolitinib induced diarrhea of 1-2 degrees. Secondary prevention: To explore the incidence of grade 3 and above diarrhea during c1D1-C1D22 in patients with oral loperamide 4 mg, T.I.D. (D1-7) →4 mg, B.I.D. (D8-21).

This study prospectively observed the complications intended as diarrhea or sti-sis that critically ill patients developed within 7 days after ICU admission. In addition, secondary aims investigated through bioimpedenziometry the loss of lean body mass and changes in phase angle during the same period of ICU stay.

Heat stable toxin (ST) producing ETEC strains are important causes of childhood diarrhea in many countries. Vaccine candidates targeting ST are in development. A human challenge model using an epidemiologically relevant enterotoxigenic E.coli (ETEC) strain expressing ST, but not other diarrhea inducing toxins like heat labile toxin (LT), is necessary to perform an early and efficient evaluation of an ST-toxoid based vaccine. In this controlled human infection study the investigators will assess the safety of a ST-only producing ETEC strain and the dose needed to achieve an attack rate of 70% in healthy human volunteers.

This study consists of an impact evaluation (IE) of the Scaling up Handwashing with Soap (HWWS) and Total Sanitation and Sanitation Marketing (TSSM) projects of the Water and Sanitation Program (WSP) of the World Bank. The objective of this study is to estimate the causal impact of the HWWS and TSSM interventions on the health and welfare of the rural poor in six developing countries: Peru, Tanzania, Senegal, Vietnam, Indonesia, and India. The IE will assess the impact of exposure to the HWWS and TSSM promotion on individual-level hygiene and sanitation practices, and on the health and welfare of children 0-5 years old. By introducing exogenous variation in handwashing and sanitation practices (through exposure to the HWWS and TSSM promotion), the IE will also answer a number of important questions related to the effect of the intended behavioral change (handwashing and improved sanitation) on health and welfare, thus providing information on the extent to which these behaviors alter intended development outcomes. This study uses a cluster-randomized experimental design, whereby the geographic units called clusters (e.g. village, commune, ward, depending on administrative structure of country) are randomly assigned to receive certain components of the Handwashing and Sanitation interventions in the case of treatment arms, and no Handwashing or Sanitation intervention in the case of control arms. . The final sample for the evaluation will consist of approximately 14,000 households, randomly selected, with at least one child between 0 and 24 months of age at baseline. Data will be collected from these 14,000 households (approximately 54,781 subjects) through household surveys, anthropometric measurements, blood and stool samples, direct observations of behaviors, and community surveys. The data collected will be analyzed using a differences in differences approach, where possible, and the results will be disseminated to country officials and others stakeholders.

The purpose of the survey is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Irribow and Irribow OD Tablets in post-marketing medical practice and to examine the status of treatment compliance.

An Ontario-wide study to identify best strategies to promote uptake of high quality, expert developed Clinical Pathways (CPs) within Emergency Departments. The investigators will work with 16 Community EDs across Ontario to i) tailor an implementation strategy that works for each ED, ii) assist with the implementation of one pediatric emergency CP (Asthma or Gastroenteritis) at each site, and iii) evaluate the impact on health professionals, patient outcomes and economic costs. The investigators will conduct a 3.5 - year mixed methods health services research project with four study objectives: 1) to design a theory-based and knowledge user-informed intervention strategy to successfully implement two provincial pediatric emergency clinical pathways into practice in community Emergency Departments (EDs); 2) to evaluate the effectiveness of this implementation strategy; 3) to conduct a process evaluation to assess the implementation strategy; and 4) to conduct an economic analysis to evaluate implementation costs and benefits.

The study objective is to assess the growth of infants fed an experimental formula for the nutritional management of chronic diarrhea.

Melghat is poorly developed tribal area in India with very high child mortality & malnutrition prevalence (grossly inadequate medical facilities). Important health problems. Malnutrition , Pneumonia, Tuberculosis, Anaemia, Malaria, Diarrhoea, Premature and L. B. W. babies, Neonatal sepsis, Feeding problem, Birth asphyxia. The investigators developed a Home Based Child Care (HBCC) model to reduce neonatal mortality rate (NMR), infant mortality rate (IMR), under 5 mortality rate (U5MR) and severe malnutrition(SM) in this region. Melghat. Need of project : Melghat is known for highest U5MR in Maharashtra. Overall aims and importance of the research:. The results obtained in this area will be applicable for reducing children mortality and malnutrition in other parts of Melghat and all other tribal areas of India. Methodology: RCT-Home based child care (HBCC) by trained village health workers .(ARI, Diarrhoea, Malaria clinically & Neonatal care) in 19 villages. Strengthening of existing government ICDS and health system. Melghat. Need of project : Melghat is known for highest U5MR in Maharashtra. Overall aims and importance of the research:. The results obtained in this area will be applicable for reducing children mortality and malnutrition in other parts of Melghat and all other tribal areas of India. Methodology: RCT- (HBCC) by trained village health workers .(ARI, Diarrhoea, Malaria clinically & Neonatal care) in 19 villages.