Active clinical trials for "Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions"

Taxanes are one of the most active agents in the treatment of many kinds of solid tumors, mainly including paclitaxel and docetaxel. However, variability in toxicity and response remains a major problem for patients receiving taxanes. It is general that there are many factors for individual differences of drugs in clinical application, of which genetic factors accounted for more than 20%. Toxicities of docetaxel, such as myelosuppression, neurotoxicity or mucositis, were evaluated for possible relationship with pharmacogenetic polymorphisms in several candidate gene and genome-wide association studies. Due to the levels of evidence of those studies are low and lack of sufficient research data of Chinese, it has the important significance in studying individual differences of docetaxel in toxicities, through the pharmacogenomics research. The aim of this study is to evaluating the association genetic polymorphisms with docetaxel-based chemotherapy toxicities in chinese solid tumor patients. By detecting the gene polymorphism, investigators intend to study the pharmacokinetic/pharmacogenomics (PK-PG) correlation of docetaxel and provide scientific basis for precise medication guide for people to use docetaxel.

Recently, the medical management of cancer patients has considerably improved the prognosis of these patients and today some cancers are becoming "chronic diseases". As a result, new adverse effects (AEs) are observed, particularly cardiac. These "new" cardiac AEs are the consequence of a significant increase in patients life expectancy (delayed AEs not previously seen) but also the use of new pharmacological classes of anticancer drugs such as kinase inhibitors. The incidence of these cardiac AEs varies according to the patient profile and the anticancer molecules used, but their impact on the morbidity and mortality of the patients is significant. In this context, we started at the University Hospital of Caen Normandy in September 2017 a cardio-oncology program entitled "prevention and pharmacological management of cardiac adverse effects induced by drugs used in Oncology" (PICARO program). This program involves the pharmacology department (opening of a dedicated consultation), the cardiology department (opening of a dedicated ultrasound consultation), vascular medicine departement (opening of a dedicated consultation) and the oncology federation. This program aims to be regional in the future. We therefore propose to build a cohort backed up to the PICARO program to assess the regional impact of cardiac AEs of anticancer drugs and thus to be better able to specify the number of AEs, the incidence and regional prevalence of these drugs. . The constitution of this cohort is only the first step towards the constitution in the near future (2 years) of an observatory and then a regional registry of cardiac AEs induced by anticancer drugs. The objectives associated with the establishment of such a registry would be to reduce the number of cardiac AEs, the hospitalizations caused by these AEs, a better information of health professionals and patients, an improvement in the screening of patients at risk, all coming back in the context of health, clinical, epidemiological and pharmacological surveillance.

To evaluate the efficacy of switching to tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) 25 mg QD versus continued tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) 300 mg QD in CHB patients with antiviral resistance, as determined by the proportion of virologically suppressed patients at week 48 To evaluate the safety and tolerability of switching to TAF 25 mg QD versus continuing TDF 300 mg QD in antiviral-resistant subjects with chronic HBV at week 48

retrograde study of common and rare adverse effects of multiple doses of ivermectin used during the coivd 19 pandemic in egypt

UPGRADE aims to see whether data from Pharmacogenomic Testing (PGx) can help physicians manage patient medication regimens and assess if the testing has an effect on reducing adverse drug reactions, hospitalizations and emergency department visits. The way an individual processes a drug is in part determined by their genes, and there is known to be genetic variation between humans in the way drugs are metabolized. The study of the way genes affect a person's response to drugs is known as "Pharmacogenomics."

The investigators aim to study the prevalence of adverse reactions of anti-tuberculosis (TB) drugs in latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI), and determine the risk factors of anti-TB drug-related toxicity in LTBI in Korean health care workers(HCWs).

Mydriatic eye drops are routinely used before phacoemulsification but they are not free of drawbacks. Several alternatives were tried to overcome their limitations.

A panel of highly sensitive circulating biomarkers for acute liver injury have been identified and demonstrated to identify liver injury on first presentation to hospital before standard tests are elevated in patients with paracetamol overdose. The investigators wish to test these biomarkers in patients with active and latent tuberculosis to see if they can be used to stratify patients undertaking anti-tuberculosis drug therapy. Anti-tuberculosis drug induced liver injury is the most frequent side-effect of anti-tuberculosis therapy, affecting 2-5% of tuberculosis patients seen at the Royal Infirmary Edinburgh and hindering their effective treatment. Patients will be recruited from the TB out-patient clinic at the Royal Infirmary Edinburgh. Blood samples will be taken every time the patient visits the clinic and also retrieved from the biochemistry lab. The biomarkers in the blood samples will be analysed to determine if they rise in patients who develop liver injury.

Voriconazole is a drug used to treat invasive fungal infections. The amount of voriconazole in a person's blood helps to determine how effectively it treats an infection, and how safe it is. Patients respond differently when receiving the same dose - some clearly benefit, other patients experience side effects, and others see limited improvement in their infection. Voriconazole is broken down in the liver mainly by an enzyme called CYP2C19, before being excreted from the body. The activity of CYP2C19 differs between people because of variation in the DNA that encodes the body's instructions to make CYP2C19. If CYP2C19 activity is very high, voriconazole blood levels may remain below the target range when a patient receives a standard dose of voriconazole, which may be insufficient to treat their infection. By contrast, decreased CYP2C19 activity due to genetic variation may result in excessively high voriconazole blood levels, predisposing to serious side effects. Therefore, knowing a patient's CYP2C19 genetic makeup is very important for predicting their response to voriconazole. Thus, the investigators aim to determine the influence of genetic variation in CYP2C19 on the frequency and severity of side effects related to voriconazole, and on the effectiveness of voriconazole for treating serious fungal infections. The findings from this study will contribute to determining the optimal dose of voriconazole that patients with different genetic variants in CYP2C19 should be started on, and will take us one step closer to both understanding the genetic structure of CYP2C19 in the Turkish population, and to 'personalised medicine'.

Drug metabolism in the liver is subject to large fluctuations (differences between women and men, people of different ethnic backgrounds, children and adults). These large differences are responsible for very different drug effects and side-effects (and especially liver damage caused by drugs) between individuals. Recent scientific findings suggest that blood derived cells can be used to model individual effects of drugs on the liver reflect inter-individual differences. Since liver damage caused by drugs is a diagnosis of exclusion, the aforementioned cells can be used to identify patients that show higher sensitivity to hepatotoxic side-effects and - in case several drugs are involved - identify the causal agent or possible interactions.