Active clinical trials for "Epilepsy"

Background: - Epilepsy is a seizure disorder. Sometimes it is treated with surgery. During surgery, electrodes are placed on or in the brain. Researchers want to learn more about memory and the brain. They want to do tests on people who are having epilepsy surgery. Objective: - To learn more about memory and brain function by recording brain cell activity during memory tasks. Eligibility: - Adults age 18 - 65 who have medically intractable epilepsy and will have electrodes placed to identify the source of their seizures. They must be currently enrolled in protocol 11-N-0051. Design: Participants may do memory tests before the electrodes are put in, while they are in place, and after surgery. Researchers may stimulate areas of the brain with small pulses of electricity. Researchers will start recording brain activity at least 12 hours after electrodes are placed. They will record while participants are awake and asleep. They will record before, during, and after seizures. Participants may have up to 3 testing sessions daily over the 1-3 weeks the electrodes are in place. Each session will last 20-60 minutes. Participants will play games on a laptop. Sometimes they may use a button or joystick. This can be done in bed in the hospital. Participants may be given a list of words and asked to recall them in a short time. Participants may be given pairs of items and asked to remember how they are related. Participants may be asked to learn their way around a virtual town on the computer. Their eye movements may be tracked by a small camera.

The purpose of the initial screening study is to find out if immune problems are an unrecognized cause of epilepsy in some patients. This study consists of a single blood sample, which will be tested for possible immune abnormalities. If enough patients are found who show immune abnormalities, those patients who are still having uncontrolled seizures will be invited to participate in a study of immune treatment with a compound called intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG). The study hypothesis is that a significant proportion of the young-onset, refractory, image-negative, partial-onset epilepsy population have an underlying autoimmune disorder, and many of these patients will respond to immune therapies, including IVIG. At present, the importance of immune abnormalities in causing epilepsy, and the proper treatment when they are found, are both poorly understood. The investigators hope that this study will help us understand the cause of some cases that are difficult to treat.

We plan a prospective multisite trial to determine the clinical utility of BioEP in the context of diagnostic decision making. We will use findings from the trial to improve user experience of our Neuronostics platform (the tool which clinicians use to obtain a BioEP score from EEG and the aligned report). The data coming from the trial will also enable us to iterate the BioEP algorithms and so improve future performance.

The purpose of this research study to investigate, classify, and quantify chronic cardiac rhythm disorders in three groups of patients with epilepsy (intractable focal epilepsy, controlled focal epilepsy and symptomatic generalized epilepsy). Patients with epilepsy have a higher risk for cardiac complications than the general population. With this study, we aim to understand more about these potential complications in patients with epilepsy and assess if treatments for cardiac problems should be evaluated more carefully in patients with epilepsy.

Epileptic seizures arise from neuronal defects that often alter the capacity of the brain to process sensory information. During absence seizures, a frequent epileptic syndrome in children, the normal conscious and perceptual processes are temporarily interrupted. This is the result of abnormal synchronized neural activities in the thalamo-cortical loops, leading to bilateral spike-and-wave discharges (SWDs) in the cortical electroencephalograms (EEGs). The brain mechanisms underlying the lack of sensory experience during absence seizures are disputed. Based on preliminary data, the investigators hypothesize that the alternation of 'spike' and 'wave' patterns during seizure could cause a time-to-time inconstancy in cortical responsiveness, preventing conscious perception. Using a real-time closed-loop stimulation system, the investigators will research how the S- and W-patterns specifically alter the sensory-evoked responses in the EEG. During a standard EEG, visual stimulations will be applied between and during absence seizures to test the hypothesis that repeated sensory stimuli, applied with an appropriate timing relative to the seizure-related oscillatory cycle, could negatively interfere with the regenerative network mechanisms involved in the occurrence of SWDs. The completion of this project should permit to unveil a new neuronal mechanism supporting the lack of conscious experience during absences and pave the way for new clinical non-invasive strategies to interrupt ongoing seizure activity.

Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) is regarded as a leading cause of premature death in epilepsy patients. We aim to capture the whole process of SUDEP and near-SUDEP occurrence in patients with epilepsy, and expolre video-electroencephalograph (V-EEG) changes and marker. A Chinese multicenter study was carried out to determine electroencephalo-graph marker related to SUDEP to provide a scientific basis for the prevention of SUDEP in patients with epilepsy.

The goal of this observational study is to compare clinical utility between Remote EEG Monitoring (REMI) and conventional EEG in patients (6 and older) that are undergoing EEG recording in a hospital as part of their routine clinical care. The main question[s] it aims to answer are: What is the concurrence of diagnosis made by epileptologist using REMI and full-EEG signals. What is the proportion of participants experiencing as seizure at the time of sensor placement, compared between REMI sensor placement and full-EEG placement. Participants will wear REMI and conventional EEG electrodes at the same time.

To assess the magnitude and duration of reduction in RNS recorded Detections and Long Episodes following intranasal administration of Valtoco®. All participants will have been implanted and treated with an RNS system for clinical purposes and regularly upload Detection and Long Episode data on a regular basis as part of regular clinical treatment. Participants will come to the clinic and be administered a single dose of Valtoco® via nasal spray. RNS recorded Detections and Long Episodes before and after Valtoco® administration will be compared. This is a pilot study, so all outcomes are exploratory.

The investigators record the outcome of patients whose surgery involved intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring Trial with surgical intervention

The purpose of this study is to determine whether intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) treatment reduces significantly the number of epileptic seizures in cases of autoimmune epileptic seizures.