Active clinical trials for "Gastroenteritis"

The purpose of this study is to determine whether the caregivers of children presenting to the emergency department (ED) with acute gastroenteritis who receive extensive gastroenteritis education (standard education plus home nursing visit) will improve their gastroenteritis knowledge more than those who receive standard education (an information sheet) in the emergency department.

This study evaluates the impact of infectious diseases molecular-based stool testing compared to conventional stool testing on reducing the need for contact precautions among hospitalized patients. Half of patients' stools will be tested with the molecular assay , while the other half will be tested with conventional testing.

The study will evaluate the change in gastrointestinal (GI) flora following probiotic supplementation, and expected to lead to an increase in the intestinal epithelial integrity and to improvement in its health. Concurrently with the reduction in the amount of toxins in the GI tract following an intensive exercise, a lower incidence of symptoms of discomfort will improve the quality of the training sessions which will be exhibited by an improvement in endurance capacity and in physiological responses to rigorous exercise. Half of the participants will receive probiotic supplement while the other half will receive a placebo.

The overall goal of this study is to investigate whether the modulatory effects of probiotics, which are used as food supplements (Lactobacillus GG marketed as Culturelle or yoghurt) in the gastrointestinal tract promote restoration of intestinal function and enhance the specific immune response in children with cryptosporidial or rotaviral infections in South India. Rotavirus and Cryptosporidium spp. are the most important viral and parasitic causes of gastroenteritis in children in south India. Both infections can lead to severe dehydrating gastroenteritis in young children and have no specific treatment. Repeated episodes of diarrhea can result in long term deleterious effects on nutritional status, possibly due to intestinal damage. Most episodes of infectious gastroenteritis resolve without specific therapy, the mainstay of treatment being rehydration. However, oral rehydration remains under-utilized, in part due to the lack of effect on frequency of bowel movements and duration of illness. Due to the interest in simple, safe and effective measures to ameliorate the long-term effects of diarrheal illness, there is a growing appreciation for the potential of certain microorganisms to offer direct benefits to the health of a host. Probiotics are known to beneficially modulate several host functions, the most important of which are immune responses and intestinal barrier integrity. The investigators propose to build on the investigators previous collaborative efforts to conduct pilot studies to provide a mechanistic understanding of the effect of probiotic supplementation in children with rotaviral and cryptosporidial diarrhea. Based on the established efficacy of LGG for the treatment of a variety of diarrheal diseases and the documented modulation of immune responses and strengthening of intestinal epithelial barrier function by probiotics, the investigators propose to conduct a Phase I/II double-blind randomized placebo controlled clinical trial to assess the preliminary efficacy and safety of LGG vs. placebo in the resolution of symptoms and restoration of intestinal function in children with either rotaviral or cryptosporidial diarrhea and no other detected enteric infection. Promising results in this Phase I/II study will provide preliminary data to power a future randomized trial on these critical outcomes following rotaviral or cryptosporidial infection.

Diarrhea and vomiting in children is a common reason to visit the emergency department. There has been a lot of research on how best to treat children with diarrhea and vomiting who visit the emergency department; however, the care children receive varies by healthcare provider and across hospitals. Additionally, there are things parents can do at home to help manage childhood diarrhea and vomiting and potentially avoid a trip to the emergency department. This shows an urgent need for knowledge translation, that is, efforts to align research knowledge and healthcare practice. Actively involving parents in healthcare decisions has the potential to bridge this gap; however, there is little research on the best ways to communicate complex health information to parents of sick kids. In 2013, a national needs assessment was conducted with parents seeking care for their kids in general emergency departments (trekk.ca). This survey showed that 39% of parents looked for information about their child's health prior to coming to the emergency department and that 44% of these parents looked for this information on the internet. This means that the development and evaluation of digital tools to give parents timely and effective child health information has the potential to reduce unnecessary emergency department visits, empower parents in health decision-making, and ultimately improve child health outcomes. In this project, parents will be actively involved in the evaluation of a digital tool, a whiteboard animation video, designed to communicate the best research evidence on the treatment and management of vomiting and diarrhea in children. In this pilot trial, parents in two emergency departments will be randomized to view the video or a sham video, and then provide quantitative and qualitative data on the potential effectiveness of the video, the perceived benefit and value of the knowledge translation intervention for pediatric vomiting and diarrhea, the feasibility of using iPads and an electronic data collection platform to conduct research with this population, the time required to complete data collection, and parents' willingness to participate in future, similar research.

The main objective of this study is to see the number of volunteers that get sick from a Norwalk virus (NV) inoculation with typical symptoms of nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. If this NV preparation is shown to cause Norwalk illness, then it can be used to test new vaccines in the future. Additionally, researchers hope to determine the lowest dose of NV inoculum that can be given to volunteers and cause illness. Study participants will include 57 healthy adults, ages 18-50. Participants will either be given the NV inoculum or placebo (water without virus). Participants will be hospitalized for a maximum of 7 days and a minimum of 4 days following the NV challenge. Study procedures include physical exam, blood testing, and collection of saliva, urine, and stool samples. Participants will be involved in study related procedures for up to 180 days.

This is a phase II double blind multicenter randomized placebo-controled clinical study aimed to find out whether treatment with Filtrum-STI (orally administered 0,4g tablets) is safe and effective in children with viral gastroenteritis. Filtrum-STI (lignin hydrolytic) is a drug with a high absorbing ability, that binds and eliminates toxins, pathogenic microorganisms and viruses. Filtrum-STI is inoffensive for mucous membranes, enhances colonic propulsion and improves its natural microflora. The drug is not toxic and well combines with other medication

This study aims to assess the analgesic efficacy and safety of intravenous 20 mg Hyoscine-N-Butylbromide versus placebo for the treatment of abdominal colic associated with acute gastroenteritis in the emergency department.

Acute gastroenteritis (GEA) is a public health problem at present, the main cause of vomiting and consultation in emergencies in children under 5 years. Worldwide, there are about 2 million deaths per year due to gastroenteritis in children under 5 years. In Mexico, the mortality rate by age in 2013, recorded 28 deaths per 100,000 boys and girls, in 2013 in our country 2.5 million children between 5 and 17 years engaged in an economic activity. The occupancy rate for the child population was 8.6: 11.4 for boys and 5.8 for girls. NICE guidance gastroenteritis defined as a transient disorder caused by an enteric infection and characterized by a sudden onset of diarrhea with or without vomiting

Acute gastroenteritis (GEA) is an inflammation of the intestinal mucosa that clinically translates into an acute episode of diarrhea and vomiting and is generally associated with an intestinal infectious disease. It is one of the most common diseases in children and an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The important loss of liquids can lead to dehydration, acidosis and hydroelectrolitic alteration. Infants are more vulnerable to gastrointestinal infection and its consequences, dehydration and malnutrition. There is no specific treatment, so it is exclusively symptomatic A new type of products considered as mucoprotectors has been developed, such as gelatin tannate or xyloglucan, still with little data to establish recommendations on its use in the GEA. They would be able to reproduce in the intestine a muco-adhesive film or sheet protective It must be considered in this sense that mucus is the first barrier that protects the gastrointestinal tract against microorganisms or antigens and that bacterial invasion is related to the opening of narrow junctions. Xyloglucan was approved in Europe as a medical device IIa to restore the physiological functions of the intestinal wall in the form of capsules for adults and envelopes for children.