Active clinical trials for "Gastroenteritis"

Rotavirus is the commonest cause of severe gastroenteritis in young children worldwide. The investigators hypothesize that use of a food based prophylactic will decrease incidence of rotavirus infection in young children in south India, prevent intestinal damage and overall result in lower infection rates and better gut function. This trial will evaluate the efficacy of prevention of rotavirus gastroenteritis when an anti-rotavirus protein or antibody fragments expressed in yeast or placebo are given daily as a food supplement to children between the ages of 6 and 12 months. The children will followed for one year and rates of rotavirus diarrhoea, antibody responses and gut function will be compared between children receiving antibody fragments or placebo.

To observe the safety, tolerability and immunogenicity of the administration of 3 doses of rotateq in healthy Indian infants between 6 weeks through exactly 12 weeks of age at entry.

Respiratory and gastrointestinal infections are common in children under the age of 4 years, especially after the start of schooling. These conditions are facilitated by a still incomplete functional maturation of the immune system and the anatomical structure and function of the respiratory and gastrointestinal tract still developing. The frequency and duration of these conditions involves a high discomfort and significant costs, in relation to medical appointments, taking medication, the need for hospitalization, days of absence from school and work days lost by parents. Functional foods derived from the fermentation of cow's milk with probiotic strains have been proposed for the prevention of infectious diseases in children. Several products have been investigated, with sometimes conflicting results. Diversity in experimental designs, populations evaluated, and bacterial strains used in the preparation of fermented products are probably responsible for these discrepancies. Recently we started a study approved by the Ethics Committee for Biomedical Activities "Carlo Romano" of the University of Naples "Federico II" (protocol number 210/12) to evaluate the effectiveness of foods fermented with Lactobacillus paracasei CBA-L74 in the prevention of common winter infections in school children aged between 12 and 48 months. Studies of pre-clinical phase showed anti-inflammatory activity of milk fermented with the strain Lactobacillus paracasei L74-CBA in terms of stimulation of the production of the cytokine IL-10 and decreased synthesis of IL-12, also in response to stimulation with Salmonella typhimurium. The data were obtained in in vitro studies on dendritic cells and ex vivo intestinal biopsies as well as in tests on healthy mice and on a mouse model of experimental colitis. A preliminary analysis of the data was found that subjects treated with fermented milk showed fewer infectious episodes, as well as a lower incidence of respiratory tract infections or gastrointestinal, with a statistically significant difference between the study groups. It was also observed a significant increase in the levels of α- and β- defensins, LL-37 and secretory IgA in the group of subjects treated with fermented milk compared to subjects treated with fermented rice or placebo. Therefore, we decided to extend the period of study of five additional months, in order to perform an evaluation of the effectiveness of fermented milk (which was more effective)vs placebo.

To compare the effect of "point-of-care" (POC) analysis of blood work with traditional laboratory methods on length of stay in a pediatric emergency department (PED).

Assessment of the growth parameters in infants admitted with acute gastroenteritis. Determine the prevalence of anemia in infants admitted with acute gastroenteritis.

The goal of this clinical trial is to test the effect of mothers' application of yogurt probiotic bacteria on relieving their young children's acute gastroenteritis in children had two to five years old. The main hypothesis is children with acute gastroenteritis who receive yogurt probiotic bacteria exhibit less diarrhea, vomiting and dehydration than those who don't.The study subjects were divided into two equal groups (probiotic study group and control group).

This single-center, randomized, double-blind and controlled study aims to examine the effect of a fermented dairy product containing the probiotic Lactobacillus casei DN-114 001 (Actimel® = tested product) on the incidence of respiratory and gastro-intestinal common infectious diseases (cumulated number of infections during the intervention period: primary criteria), and on immune functions in healthy shift workers. Volunteers received either 200g/day of tested product (N=500) or control product (N=500) for 3-months, followed by a 1-month follow-up.

Although the existing diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli (E. coli) challenge model is already suitable for dietary interventions in its current form, further characterization of the working-mechanism of the attenuated strain and further optimization of the study design will enable the investigators to better select those ingredients that affect the key pathophysiological processes. The aim of the CORAL study is to further characterize and increase the discriminative power of the diarrhoeagenic E. coli challenge model.

The primary objective of this study is to compare the mean taste scores for three fruit flavored oral rehydration solutions in children aged 5-10 years old. The secondary objective is to compare the proportions of children who indicate a taste preference for one of the solutions.

This is a phase I, randomized, double blind, as well as partially blinded (for Cohort 4), placebo-controlled safety, illness, and infection study of a new experimental human challenge stock of the Norovirus genogroup II, genotype 2 (GII.2) isolate designated Snow Mountain virus (SMV). The study duration is 24 - 36 months. The primary objectives are to: 1) evaluate the safety and reactogenicity of the GII.2 Snow Mountain norovirus challenge stock and 2) determine a safe and optimal challenge dose of GII.2 Snow Mountain norovirus to achieve illness in a high proportion (= / > 75%) of subjects.