Active clinical trials for "HIV Infections"

Background: - The immune system protects the body from infection. But it can also cause harm. For example, the clotting system makes blood clot and protects from bleeding. But blood clots are sometimes harmful. People with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection have increased inflammation and clotting. This may increase their risk for diseases like stroke or heart attack. Researchers want to know how aspirin or HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (so-called statin medications) affect the immune and clotting systems of people with HIV. Aspirin is a medicine to decrease clotting. Statins are medications given to lower cholesterol and decrease inflammation. Objectives: - To see how aspirin or statins change immune and clotting systems in people with HIV. Eligibility: - Adults 18 and older with HIV and a low viral load, not on aspirin or a statin medication. They must also have either: (1) never taken anti-HIV medications (ARVs), have a suppressed viral load, have stable CD4 counts, and never had an opportunistic infection; or (2) been taking ARVs for 5 continuous years and have a suppressed viral load for more than 3 years. Design: Participants will be screened with medical history, physical exam, and blood and lab tests. Participants will repeat screening tests and have an MRI. An MRI is a way to visualize blood vessels in the neck and head. Participants will lie on a table that slides in and out of a cylinder surrounded by a magnetic field. Participants will take either study drug once daily for 9 months. Participants will have a blood procedure twice. Blood will be removed through a needle in one arm and circulated through a machine that removes white blood cells. The blood, minus white blood cells, is returned through a needle in the other arm. All participants will be observed for 3 months before and after treatment.

To evaluate the safety and efficacy of reformulated raltegravir (MK-0518) 1200 mg once daily in combination with TRUVADA™ versus raltegravir 400 mg twice daily in combination with TRUVADA™ in HIV-1 infected, treatment-naive participants. The primary hypothesis being tested is that reformulated raltegravir 1200 mg once-daily is non-inferior to raltegravir 400 mg twice-daily, each in combination therapy with TRUVADA™, as assessed by the proportion of participants achieving HIV-1 ribonucleic acid (RNA) <40 copies/mL at Week 48.

Liver disease is one of the leading co-morbidities of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is present in approximately 30-40% of patients with HIV infection. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a more severe form of NAFLD in which increased liver fat is also accompanied by inflammation, cellular damage, and fibrosis. NAFLD is most prevalent in patients who also have increased visceral adiposity, and our group has previously shown that HIV-infected individuals with increased visceral adiposity generally have decreased growth hormone secretion. Tesamorelin is a growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH) analogue that increases endogenous growth hormone secretion. Tesamorelin is FDA-approved for the reduction of visceral fat in HIV-infected individuals. In a previous study, treatment with tesamorelin in HIV-infected individuals selected for abdominal adiposity reduced liver fat. The current study is designed to test the effect of tesamorelin on liver fat and steatohepatitis in HIV-infected individuals who have NAFLD. The investigators hypothesize that tesamorelin will reduce liver fat and will also ameliorate the inflammation, fibrosis, and hepatocellular damage seen in conjunction with NASH.

The goal is to determine the vit D supplementation dose that safely results in optimal serum vitamin D (25D) concentrations in HIV-infected children and adults living in Botswana. To do this the investigators will test two oral daily doses (4000 vs. 7000 IU) of cholecalciferol (D3) dietary supplement over a 12-week period in 60 children and adults with HIV/AIDS living in Botswana (5.0 to 50.9 yrs), to assess safety as determined by serum calcium and 25D concentrations and efficacy to replete vit D status as determined by achieving a minimum serum 25D concentration of 32 ng/mL (80 nmol/L).

The study aims to assess the safety and efficacy of darunavir 800mg plus the co-formulated elvitegravir/cobicistat/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (DF)/emtricitabine (Stribild) tablet as a simplification strategy for the treatment of HIV infection in HIV-infected subjects who have had previous antiretroviral treatment experience with multiple-drug regimens. We hypothesize that elvitegravir/cobicistat/tenofovir DF/emtricitabine with darunavir will offer a safe and efficacious treatment simplification strategy for HIV positive patients currently receiving multiple-drug regimens to control their HIV infection.

Potent HIV suppression with Darunavir-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) will lead to repopulation of gastrointestinal-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) cluster of differentiation (CD)4+ T-cell populations, normalization of systemic immune activation, and improved HIV-associated cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk.

To address the question of the comparison of two courses of Vivitrol with differing lengths in 130 HIV negative, consenting, opioid addicted patients who have completed inpatient treatment. Participants will be randomized under double blind conditions to a 24 or 48-week course of pharmacotherapy, along with bi-weekly drug counselling, over 48 weeks, with follow-ups at weeks 60 and 72. The 24-week cohort will receive Vivitrol placebo injections in weeks 24 to 48.

The primary objectives of this study are to assess the safety of ABT-450/r/ABT-267 with and without ABT-333 coadministered with and without ribavirin (RBV) for 12 and 24 weeks in HCV GT1- or 4-infected participants with HIV-1 coinfection and to evaluate the percentage of subjects achieving HCV ribonucleic acid (RNA) < lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) 12 weeks following treatment.

Prospective open label proof of concept feasibility interventional clinical trial in which 60 acute HCV genotype 1 patients co-infected with HIV will receive 12 weeks of boceprevir in addition to Standard Of Care Peginterferon + Ribavirin if they show a Rapid Viral Responds at week 4. The primary hypothesis of this study is that the subset of patients with a Rapid Viral Responds after 4 weeks of triple therapy with boceprevir, peginterferon alpha-2b (P) and ribavirin (RVR4) can be successfully treated with a shorter 12-week triple therapy regimen.

Despite increased HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) infection testing in Africa, many patients never enroll in subsequent HIV care after testing or remain in care after an initial enrollment. This study's aim is to improve linkage to HIV care and retention in HIV care through the use of feasible, evidence-based, and practical interventions. The study takes place in Swaziland, the country with the highest HIV prevalence (24%) in sub-Saharan Africa. The study will randomize groups of HIV testing sites and affiliated clinics to either standard of care or a combined intervention strategy (CIS) which consists of point-of care CD4 (cluster differentiation 4 (CD4)) testing at time of HIV testing, fast-track HIV medications for those who are eligible for treatment,mobile phone appointment reminders, care bags filled with health prevention materials, and financial incentives. The study outcomes are linkage to and retention in care as well as cost effectiveness, feasibility of interventions, and patient acceptability of interventions.