Active clinical trials for "Glucose Intolerance"

This study will investigate whether real-time continuous glucose monitoring can be used as a tool for behavior change in people with pre-diabetes.

Forty-eight prediabetic men and women (50-75 years of age) will participate in a 6-week feeding study in which they will randomized to receive either 10 g/day of inulin or placebo. All subjects will be fed an isocaloric diet (50% carbohydrate, 35% fat, 15% protein,) controlled for micronutrient content for 6 weeks to avoid the potential confound of individual differences in diet on gut microbiota. Measurements of intestinal permeability, insulin sensitivity, and skeletal muscle metabolic flexibility will be made prior to and following the controlled feeding period. Stool samples will be collected to assess gut microbial communities.

Viscous dietary fibers including oat β-glucan are one of the most effective classes of functional food ingredients for reducing postprandial blood glucose. The mechanism of action is thought to be via an increase in viscosity of the stomach contents that delays gastric emptying and reduces mixing of food with digestive enzymes, which, in turn, retards glucose absorption. Previous studies suggest that taking viscous fibers separate from a meal may not be effective in reducing postprandial glycemia. The purpose of this study is to re-assess the effect of consuming a preload of a commercially available oat-bran (4.5, 13.6 or 27.3 g) containing 22% of high molecular weight oat β-glucan (O22) mixed in water before a test-meal of white bread on glycemic responses in 10 healthy humans.

This study will evaluate the effects of screening for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and brief counseling about screening test results on weight and key health behaviors among Veterans with risk factors for T2DM. Study participants will be randomly assigned to one of two study groups: (1) Blood Test Group or (2) Brochure Group. Participants in the Blood Test Group will complete a blood test called hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) which measures average blood sugar levels. Participants will receive brief counseling about the results from their primary care provider or someone authorized to speak on their behalf. Participants randomly selected for the Brochure Group will review a handout from the VA National Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention (NCP) on recommended screening tests and immunizations. All participants will be asked to complete a survey prior to study group assignment, immediately after a Primary Care appointment, 3 months after enrollment, and 12 months after enrollment.

The study will evaluate whether a technology-based lifestyle intervention program using primarily a smartphone platform is an acceptable and effective way for treating obesity. The goal of the program is to achieve weight loss and enhance the health of overweight or obese subjects by improving their diet and activity via smartphone applications as compared with conventional in-person weight management programs.

The overall objectives are to: Assess mechanisms underlying HIIT-induced improvements in insulin resistance at the whole-body, tissue, and cellular levels. Systematically compare different HIIT regimens to help identify effective "doses" of HIIT that may be optimal for improving metabolic health in obese adults. Assess the ability/willingness of obese subjects to adhere to a long-term HIIT program. Findings from these studies will greatly expand knowledge about the effects of HIIT on metabolic health, and will provide valuable information for development of programs aimed at maximizing key metabolic benefits of exercise.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of pitavastatin for preventing diabetes in a population with impaired glucose tolerance.

The concept that the roots of cardiometabolic disease start in early life was established by Dr. David Barker, who documented relationships between low birthweight (as a marker for challenges during gestation) and later cardiovascular disease (CVD). Later work has suggested that post-natal challenges (similar to prenatal ones) may also exhibit links to later cardiometabolic disease, with the strongest links appearing to be between low weight in early childhood and later hypertension and high waist circumference (WC). However, assessments for the relationship between early childhood challenges and insulin resistance and glucose regulation have been lacking and long-term cohort studies are few. In this project, we aim to assess children initially followed as part of The Etiology, Risk Factors, and Interactions of Enteric Infections and Malnutrition and the Consequences for Child Health (MAL-ED) study, where they received frequent measures of anthropometry and laboratory assessments for intestinal pathogens. These children are now of peri-pubertal age--a time period associated with metabolic shifts. We will assess for glucose dysregulation and findings associated with the metabolic syndrome, and we will analyze potential associations between current chronic disease risk findings with early life poor growth and intestinal pathogen carriage rate. As such, we hope to uncover potential targets in early life health to reduce later chronic disease risk.

Chronic inflammatory activation in fat tissue can be the link between adiposity and an increased risk for atherosclerosis. The aim of this study is to investigate how molecular alterations in fat tissue can be influenced by regular physical exercise training alone or in combination with a medical therapy (glitazone or metformin) in obese patients with severe coronary artery disease (CAD) and impaired glucose tolerance.

Diabetes mellitus is recognized as a metabolic disease that causes global economic and health burdens with an estimated number of patients 135 million in 1995 to 300 million in 2025. Moreover, the Asia-Pacific region is considered to be on the verge of an emerging diabetes epidemic. Diabetes is associated with numerous comorbidities due to a wide range of complications, such as retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, and cardiovascular disease, which could lead to premature mortality. Management of diabetes under standard treatment protocol improves quality of life and prevents complications and premature mortality. Pathogenesis of these detrimental complications caused by diabetes is not yet discovered and it is important to reveal epidemiology and mechanisms of diabetes and its complications in order to successfully manage and control diabetes. According to the Committee of the Korean Diabetes Association on the Epidemiology of Diabetes Mellitus, only about one third of patients with diabetes was found to reach target glycemic control (<7% of HbA1c) and 30.3%, 38.3% and 44.6% of patients found to have microalbuminuria, retinopathy and nephropathy, respectively in tertiary hospitals of Korea in 2006. Also, prevalence of coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular disease and peripheral artery disease was 8.7%, 6.75 and 3.0%, respectively in tertiary hospitals. Due to inadequate achievement of glycemic control and improper prevention tactics to prevent diabetic complication for patients in tertiary hospitals in Korea, it is pivotal to determine and analyze the current status of patients with diabetes and prediabetes for efficient management of diabetes/prediabetes and its complications. Annual visits of newly diagnosed diabetes or prediabetes to Endocrinology department of Severance hospital in Korea are increasing, about 5,000 patients per year since 2017. However, there is no current systemic clinical registry involving patients with diabetes or prediabetes in Severance hospital. Therefore, in this prospective cohort study, we will establish registry for patients with diabetes or prediabetes who would perform standard blood/urine tests and follow treatment protocols in Endocrinology department of Severance hospital.