Active clinical trials for "Impulsive Behavior"

The aim of the following study is to investigate which is the best region of interest (ROI) for a functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS)-based neurofeedback (NF) training for highly-impulsive individuals (and consequently also patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, ADHD): the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) or the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG). Generally, NF trainings aim to improve the neurophysiological as well as cognitive-behavioral deficits observed in many neuropsychiatric disorders and were shown to constitute an effective complementary treatment option for patients with ADHD. Some previous studies used the DLPFC as a ROI for NF training, while others focused on the IFG as the main target region. However, so far, no study has directly compared the effectiveness of NF trainings targeting the DLPFC vs. IFG using the same protocol or the specificity of regulation efforts between these two areas using fNIRS. Therefore, the aim of the current study is to compare the effectiveness of fNIRS-NF using the DLPFC as a ROI with fNIRS-NF using the IFG as a ROI in a randomized controlled study design with highly-impulsive, healthy participants. Furthermore, the investigators aim to test the effect of fNIRS-NF training in the context of stress. Previous studies reported that there is a strong connection between ADHD and stress. However, the effect of fNIRS-NF training for the adaptation to stressful situations is uncertain. To this end, the investigators will assess the brain activity of participants before and after an fNIRS-NF training period during performance of a Go/NoGo task, an n-back task and The Trier Social Stress Test (TSST). It is hypothesized that both trainings will be successful in reducing impulsive behavior; however, in the pre/post testing, specific effects of fNIRS-based NF of the DLPFC are expected on working memory function and of fNIRS-based NF of the IFG on inhibitory control (Go/NoGo task). Correlations between both functions and impulsive symptoms will give an indication which training ROI may be more promising for the treatment of (specific subgroups of) ADHD. Correlations between regulation of different training ROIs will indicate the specificity of feedback regulation of circumscribed cortical areas.

In a randomized, double-blind controlled trial the investigators will evaluate the efficacy of rTMS in reducing impulsivity for cocaine addicts through - Quantitative and qualitative analysis - such behavior and possible behavioral consequences related.

The specific aims of this study are to examine whether treatment with transdermal nicotine improves computer-based laboratory and clinical measures of impulsive and compulsive behaviors in Parkinson's Disease subjects who have recently experienced an impulse control disorder.

This is a pilot study to examine the acceptability and effectiveness of the Re-Entry Values and Mindfulness Program (REVAMP), a group intervention for jail inmates. It is hypothesized that REVAMP will reduce post-release recidivism, substance abuse, and HIV risk behavior.

The purpose of this study is to identify changes in brain functioning which are related to reduced frequency and/or intensity of impulsive aggressive actions after treatment of PTSD-related impulsive aggression with either phenytoin or cognitive behavioral therapy.

The study aims to evaluate the impact of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on impulsiveness of adults suffering from Borderline Personality Disorder. Short- and long-term effects are assessed by electroencephalography (EEG) records, experimental tasks and self-rated scales.

Dependence on tobacco derived nicotine is a major public health problem. Substance users who complete training in mindfulness subjectively report increased patience and improved motor control over their impulses. Yet, no studies have tested this perceived benefit with behavioral measures of impulse control. The investigators are conducting a randomized controlled clinical trial, which compares Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy and Mindfulness Training for tobacco smokers, using behavioral measures to investigate the effects of mindfulness training on impulsivity and inhibitory control.

Impulsivity, irritability and compulsivity are cross-disorder symptom domains, which affect a significant proportion of adolescents. Predominately as part of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) but also as symptom domains without a diagnosis of ADHD, impulsivity and irritability cause serious burden. Furthermore, treatment options and their effects are limited. Previous studies with different study designs assessing micronutrients for the treatment of impulsivity / ADHD in children and adults have reported positive benefits as well as a very good tolerability. However, more research is required; in particular controlled studies with adolescents, cross-disorder approaches and studies investigating long-term effects are missing. The focus of this study is to investigate the effect of micronutrients on impulsivity, irritability and compulsivity in children and adolescents between 11 and 18 years of age with a high level of impulsivity and irritability with or without a diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The investigators intend to include 210 children and adolescents (n=110 in Germany) with a high level of impulsivity and irritability. The study is divided in two phases. An initial 10-week double blind, placebo-controlled treatment phase with broad-spectrum micronutrients is followed by a 10-week open-label treatment phase. The study assessments will be performed during five study visits and a follow-up visit.

Patients with a main diagnosis of borderline personality disorder will be recruited and will be randomized for the application of low frequency repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) protol or sham rTMS protocol. A pre-treatment and post-treatment measurement of the severity of BPD symptoms, impulsivity, and aggressive behavior will be carried out in all participants using self-administered questionnaires. All participants will be asked to participate in a passing ball game (Cyberball) with the intention of investigating aspects related to social inclusion / exclusion and measurements will be made regarding planning using the maze test. Participation in the Cyberball and the assessment of the planning will be carried out before and after the application of the treatment protocol.

This is a study evaluating the relationship between prenatal nutrition and neural development in infants born to mothers with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). We are hypothesizing that women randomized to a whole food, nutrient-dense diet during their 3rd trimester of pregnancy will have infants with more advanced neural development as compared to infants born to mothers receiving standard-of-care treatment.