Active clinical trials for "Infant, Newborn, Diseases"

Determination of GBS colonization rates in Pregnant Women insured with Maccabi Health Services, Doctors' Compliance Rates for Referral for Testing, test execution rates, and Early-onset GBS Disease (EOGBSD) Rates in Israel. Determine the relationship between conducting a GBS test in pregnant women and EOGBSD in Israel.

High risk infant is defined as infant with a negative history of environmental and biological factors, which can lead to neuromotor development problems. It is a heterogeneous group of premature infants born under thirty-seven weeks of age, with infants with low birth weight, term or developmental retardation for various reasons. Therefore, preterm infants with low birth weight can survive with a neurological sequelae such as cerebral palsy (CP), epilepsy, hearing and vision loss, mental retardation, speech and speech problems, and learning difficulties. The clinical diagnosis of CP, which can be observed in high-risk infants, is based on the combination of some neuroimaging and neurological examinations and assesments like neonatal imaging, general movements (GMs) and Hammersmith Infant Neurological Examination (HINE).

This study aims to assess whether the electrical signal of the diaphragm (diaphragm electromyogram) and the ratio of that to tidal volume (amount of air breathed in and out of the lungs) can predict which infants will be successfully extubated (have the breathing tube removed without needing it replaced.)

To explore main cause and health impact of iodine excess during pregnancy, we performed iodine evaluation for 390 consecutive pregnant women from January 1st, 2016 to December 31st, 2016. Among them, 18 women (4.62%) with apparently elevated urinary iodine concentration (UIC) were enrolled onto this study for subsequent follow-up. History of high iodine exposure was collected from all participants. Parameters about iodine status were monitors until termination of pregnancy, and dietary iodine intake condition and thyroid function were also evaluated.

Insertion Length of Umbilical Catheters Umbilical catheters, inserted through the umbilical artery and vein of newborn babies at birth, are crucial in neonatal care of sick babies. They allow delivery of medication and fluids and to provide access for blood sampling and blood pressure monitoring. Incorrect positioning of the catheter tip due to under- or over-insertion length can lead to significant complications in newborn infants. Currently, several methods are used to estimate insertion length of umbilical catheters based on one of two beliefs; that the insertion length of the umbilical catheter is proportional to either the infant's birth weight or an external length measurement. Several research studies have identified that existing methods often result in incorrect positioning of umbilical catheters, with studies showing a variable range of proportions of umbilical lines being correctly or incorrectly placed. In particular, formulas for predicting umbilical venous catheter (UVC) length have been shown to be particularly unreliable. The investigators propose a new observational study which uses a novel but easy-to-measure external length measurement, the sternal notch (upper end of breast-bone) to umbilicus (upper margin of belly-button) length, along with other clinical information to develop a more reliable formula for estimating the insertion length of umbilical venous and arterial catheters to an appropriate length. Our study population will include newborn babies admitted to the neonatal unit requiring umbilical venous (UVC) and/or arterial catheterisation (UAC) over a two-year period. Demographic information will be recorded for each child and once position has been confirmed, the new external length will be measured. New formulae for estimating required insertion length will be developed using statistical (regression) analysis.

This is a preliminary study whose objectives are to define the clinical use cases and the constraints of the implementation of a multi-sensor image-sound system.

Problems of compatibility between a mother and her child are frequent. The most well-known case can be illustrated by the fetomaternal blood group incompatibility (rhesus factor) which can induce severe anemia of the fetus. The investigators recently proved that incompatibility between mother and child can concern an organ leading to a tissular alloimmunization. For example, neonatal membranous glomerulonephritis (a kidney disease) can result from this mechanism. The purpose of this network is to detect and study neonatal diseases induced by tissular fetomaternal alloimmunization. The detection of these diseases will be performed by the mother's serum analysis.

In order to evaluate current anesthetic practice in the care of preterm infants and neonates, the investigators will retrospectively review surgical procedures in infants who are less than 60 weeks post-conceptual age in which an arterial cannula was placed intraoperatively or in situ upon arrival in the operating room. They will evaluate the mode of ventilation (pressure or volume-controlled), tidal volume or peak inflating pressure, the level of PEEP, inspired oxygen concentration (FiO2), and respiratory rate used during the procedure to determine the average minute ventilation.

This is a mixed methods process evaluation of a programmatic intervention to integrate family planning and immunization services at health facilities and through outreach services in Dowa and Ntchisi districts of Malawi. The study involved qualitative methods (in depth interviews and focus group discussions with service providers, mothers and fathers of infants <1 year, and supervisors and program managers) as well as secondary analysis of service statistics for family planning and immunization services and of supervision reports.

In recent days, necrotizing enterocolitis is one of the most common and devastating problem in preterm infants. Therefore, it became a high growing research topic in the last decade. The development of medical care increases the survival of preterm babies and consequently increase the number of cases with this serious problem. A systematic review shows the incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis is about 2-7% in babies less than 32weeks gestation and 5-22% in baby's birth weight less than 1000gram.