Active clinical trials for "Bacterial Infections"

This research is important because it allows for the determination of resistance rates to antibiotics that may not be frequently tested by the clinical microbiology laboratory at University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC)-Presbyterian. It also will provide antibiotic minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for these pathogens which may help in identifying the best empiric antibiotic option for gram-negative blood stream infections based on known pharmacodynamic parameters.

Getting the right dose of antibiotic promptly is an important part of treating infections. Unfortunately, when an infection is severe (sepsis) the body changes how it processes antibiotics. Consequently, some people with severe infection retain antibiotics for too long (risking adverse effects), whilst others excrete antibiotics too quickly (risking under-treatment). Mathematical models can help researchers understand drug handling variability (known as pharmacokinetics) between people. These models require very accurate information about drug administration and drug blood concentration timings. Researchers usually rely on someone recording these timings, but recording errors can make models inaccurate. We would like to understand if using data from routinely used electronic drug infusion devices (recording the exact time of administration) can improve the accuracy of pharmacokinetic models. We intend to investigate this with an antibiotic (vancomycin) that clinicians already routinely monitor blood concentrations for. Adults and children treated at St George's Hospital intensive care units will be invited to participate in the study which will last for 28-days within a 14-month period. Participants will donate a small amount of extra blood and provide researchers access to their clinical data. Blood will be taken at special times during vancomycin treatment from lines placed as part of standard treatment, minimising any pain or distress. There will be no other changes to patient's treatment. In the future, data from this study might help change the way we dose antibiotics. The National Institute for Health and Care Research and Pharmacy Research UK are supporting the study with funding.

The study's null hypothesis posits no significant difference in bacterial levels in the dental office environment before and after implementing hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) fumigation. The study comprised 30 participants, 18 females and 12 males, all diagnosed with moderate caries decay (ICDAS 3 and 4) in their mandibular molars, averaging 42.2 ± 8.3 years in age. Sample size calculations for 30 microbiological plates in each group utilized G*Power software (Kiel University, Germany), factoring in prior research, with a significance level of 0.05, effect size (d) of 0.72, 95% confidence interval, and 85% power. Aerobic bacterial content in the dental office air was assessed using the Koch sedimentation method. The study employed 60 Petri dishes with Columbia Agar and 5% Sheep Blood. During caries treatment, thirty plates were opened and sealed 40 minutes later, while another set of thirty plates was opened and closed 60 minutes post-fumigation. Measurements were taken 1 meter above the ground and 2 meters from the patient's mouth. After 48 hours of incubation at 37°C, microbiological contamination was calculated as CFUs (colony-forming units) in one cubic meter using the formula: L = a × 1000 / (πr² × k). Fumigation involved a 20-minute treatment with 6% hydrogen peroxide biosanitizer (Saniswiss, Switzerland) via a compressed air device (Fumi-Jet, Kormed, Poland). The process included 3 minutes of fumigation and a 17-minute waiting period for the chemotoxic effect, with 45 ml of 6% hydrogen peroxide sprayed in a 20 m² room.

The process of removing bacteria and their products from the root canals is an essential step that is achieved through the combination of mechanical preparation and irrigation with chemicals. However, mechanical preparation alone can not reduce the microbial formations inside root canals, so at least about 35% of the root canal walls remain without the preparation tools reaching them. Many irrigants were used to irrigate the root canals, as sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine are the most famous. Although most studies have proven the effectiveness of sodium hypochlorite with its different concentrations in accomplishing this task, some of them showed the inability of the irrigant fluid to eliminate Enterococcus faecalis inside the canals. These bacteria are highly resistant, and therefore endodontic treatment fails in the long term.

The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of 2 different doses of intravenous and oral Debio 1450 compared with intravenous vancomycin and oral linezolid in the treatment of patients with staphylococcal ABSSSI.

The study will evaluate the efficacy and safety of imipenem+cilastatin/relebactam (MK-7655A) versus colistimethate sodium+imipenem+cilastatin in the treatment of imipenem-resistant bacterial infections. Infections evaluated in the study will be hospital-acquired bacterial pneumonia (HABP), ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia (VABP), complicated intra-abdominal infection (cIAI), and complicated urinary tract infection (cUTI).

AntibioTx is developping ATx201 as a topical product for treatment of skin infections, including infected atopic dermatitis.

This study is divided in 2 parts. Part 1a is being conducted to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and relative bioavailability of the 2 free base tablet formulations (roller compacted [RC] and high shear wet granulation [HSWG]) compared to the reference capsule formulation under fasted conditions. This is a 3-period; cross-over study that will guide which gepotidacin formulation will be used for future studies. Following review of pharmacokinetic (PK) and safety data in Part 1a, a decision will be made whether to proceed with Parts 1b and 2. Part 1b is a 2-period, cross-over study and will assess the effect of food on the PK of the selected gepotidacin tablet formulation from Part 1a. In Part 2, the PK of the selected gepotidacin tablet formulation from Part 1a in Japanese (2a) and Chinese (2b) subjects will be evaluated under fasted conditions. The duration of the study (from Screening to the Follow-up visit) will be approximately 44 days (Part 1a), 41 days (Part 1b) and 38 days (Part 2a and 2b each), respectively. The approximate number of subjects enrolled in Part 1a will be 27 (9 subjects in each of the 3 treatment sequences), 16 in Part 1b (8 subjects in each of the 2 treatment sequences) and 12 Japanese and 12 Chinese subjects in Part 2a and 2b, respectively.

The purpose of this study was to assess the pharmacokinetics, safety, and tolerability of a single intravenous dose of ceftolozane/tazobactam (MK-7625A) in pediatric participants. In each of the 6 age cohorts, an interim analysis of pharmacokinetics (PK) and safety data was conducted after approximately 3 participants had received the initially proposed dose. The interim analysis was to determine whether the initial dose was appropriate based on pre-defined criteria. If data from the interim analysis demonstrated that the initially proposed dose met the above criteria, enrollment was to continue with the same dose administered to approximately 3 additional participants of the same age range. However, if the interim analysis demonstrated that a new optimized dose was required, the new dose was to be administered to approximately 3 additional participants of the same age range.

Pediatric study to evaluate the safety and pharmacokinetics of solithromycin (oral and intravenous) in children ages 0 to 17