Active clinical trials for "Infections"

The primary objective of this study is to demonstrate the validity of the Microbial- ID test to aid in diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) in terms of sensitivity and specificity.

This is a multisite study to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of LMN-201 in participants recently diagnosed with CDI who are scheduled to receive or are receiving SOC antibiotic therapy against C. difficile.

Having bacteria in the blood can be very dangerous. This is called bacteraemia (or bacteremia) or bloodstream infection. It can lead to problems across the whole body, which is what happens in sepsis. Bacteria called Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) cause one kind of bacteraemia. Up to a third of people with this condition die within three months, even with antibiotics. One reason for such severe problems is that the bacteria can spread almost anywhere in the body, and hide in places where they are very hard to find. When people with S. aureus bacteraemia come into hospital and have had antibiotics, doctors sometimes cannot tell if they still have an infection source (called a 'focus') hiding in their body. The focus can be like an abscess and may need removing or the pus draining out. A focus might be obvious, if there is pain or swelling, or it might be hidden and deep. If these 'foci' can be found, then doctors can treat them and this helps to cure patients. To improve survival for patients with these life-threatening infections, it is vital that doctors find the focus of S. aureus bacteraemia as quickly as possible. However, the research team do not know the best way to do this. Most patients with S. aureus bacteraemia have a chest X-ray and a scan of the heart valves. Patients may go to the scanning department lots of times while doctors try to work out where these foci are. This is uncomfortable and takes a lot of time. In about 1 in 5 cases the doctors still cannot find the focus. This is very worrying for patients, their relatives and doctors. This study has been designed by researchers, doctors and patient advocates. It aims to work out if fewer patients may die when a specific type of scan called a 'PET/CT' is done quickly, because it finds more foci. To do this the team plan to do a clinical trial in patients with S. aureus bacteraemia. Half of the patients will receive the usual tests that patients currently get and the other half will receive an extra scan as soon as possible. The patients will be chosen randomly (like the flip of a coin) to go into one of the 2 groups. A year into the trial, an independent committee will check the results to make sure the extra scan is finding more foci. If this is the case, the trial will carry on. At the end of the study, we will share the results globally. The findings are expected to change the way this dangerous condition is managed, so patients do better.

In the proposed study, the investigators plan to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Ceftazidime Sodium and Sulbactam Sodium for Injection(2:1) for the treatment of respiratory and urinary tract acute bacterial infection.

Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the top ten causes of death worldwide with approximately 10 million cases globally and 1.2 million deaths. Sub-Saharan Africa carries the highest burden of TB. South Africa has one of the highest HIV and TB rates worldwide with an HIV prevalence rate in adults of 19% and a TB case notification rate of 615/100,000 in 2019. Over many years, focus has been paid to pulmonary TB and extrapulmonary TB (EPTB) has received only little attention even though it accounts for almost a quatre of all TB cases. The diagnosis of EPTB remains challenging simply because sample collection requires invasive procedures in the absence of a blood-based diagnostic test. Spinal TB (spondylitis or spondylodiscitis caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis) - often known as Pott's disease - accounts for up to 10% of EPTB and affects young children, people with HIV-coinfection and elderly, and often leads to lifelong debilitating disease due to devastating deformation of the spine and compression of neural structures. Little is known with regards to the extent of disease and isolated TB spine as well as a disseminated form of TB spine have been described. The latter presents with a spinal manifestation plus disseminations to other organs such as the lungs, pleura, lymph nodes, the GIT or urinary tract or even the brain. In the Spinal TB X cohort, the investigators aim to describe the clinical phenotype of spinal TB using whole body PET/CT and identify a specific gene expression profile for the different stages of dissemination and compare findings to previously described signatures for latent and active pulmonary TB. A blood-based test for spinal TB would lead to earlier diagnosis and treatment in all settings globally and improve treatment outcome of this devastating disease.

Anal cancer is overrepresented among gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (MSM), particularly those living with HIV. Australia was the first country to introduce a publicly funded national HPV vaccination program in 2007. This program was expanded to include schoolboys aged 12-13 years in 2013; with a 2-year catch-up for boys aged up to 15 years. The goal of the HYPER4 study is to determine the prevalence of anal, genital and oral HPV among 500 young gay and bisexual men aged 21-25 years who were eligible for the school-based gender-neutral quadrivalent vaccination program. Participants will be required to complete a questionnaire and provide samples for HPV testing. No follow-up visits will be required.

The emotional and work changes of the staffs and the on-site counter staffs will have a certain impact during this pandemic period. Because a large number of critically ill patients are obstructive in emergency and critical care uint. It will induce a huge impact on the deployment of medical team manpower The purpose of this study is to understand the situation of emergency and intensive care unit personnel after covid-19 infection. It will help the hospital superintendent to understand the impact of emotional adjustment on its own work, understand the emotional situation of on-site personnel, future planning and r deployment.

Helicobacter pylori is among the most common bacterial infections in humans. Helicobacter pylori is a Gram-negative, S -shaped rod .The most likely mode of transmission is fecal-oral or oral-oral. Helicobacter pylori infection is acquired in early life and continues to have a high prevalence, especially in developing countries. Growing antibiotic-resistant strains necessitate adapted treatments. The majority of children with Helicobacter pylori infection remain asymptomatic, although a percentage of the infected children do develop Helicobacter. pylori-associated diseases. Helicobacter pylori is closely associated with the development of gastritis, gastric or duodenal ulcers. Helicobacter pylori infection can manifest with abdominal pain or vomiting and, less often, refractory iron deficiency anemia or growth retardation. Helicobacter pylori can be associated, though rarely, with chronic autoimmune thrombocytopenia. Anemia, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, short stature, and sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) have also been reported as possible extra-gastric manifestations of Helicobacter pylori infection . The diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection is made histologically by demonstrating the organism in the biopsy specimens. 13 C-urea breath tests and stool antigen tests are reliable noninvasive methods of detecting Helicobacter pylori infection in patients who do not require endoscopic evaluation. However, some guidelines recommend that non-invasive assessment methods are reserved to determine whether Helicobacter pylori has been eradicated not for diagnosis .However Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis may, however, be an incidental histopathologic finding during upper endoscopy performed for unrelated indications such as the diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease, or celiac disease.

This is a follow-up study of a randomised clinical trial, called TEMPO (a double-blind randomized clinical trial investigating infant formula and human breast milk consumption), in which infants participated in their first year of life. The investigators like to know if these children develop allergies or infections in childhood and whether their feeding pattern in infancy plays a role.

French health insurance data indicate that approximately 15% of ambulatory antibiotic consumption is generated by hospital prescriptions. This extra-hospital consumption represents a greater volume than intra-hospital consumption. To date, hospital indicators of good antibiotic use do not include this outpatient dimension. This study will provide a snapshot of the proportion of ambulatory antibiotics generated by emergencies and analyze compliance with management recommendations.This study will serve as a basis for developing indicators of outpatient antibiotic consumption generated by hospital activity and for identifying specific intervention targets aimed at the misuse situations that have been highlighted. This study will be carried out in the form of a repeated survey on a given day (4 days, one across each season), carried out by the local mobile antibiotic therapy team, using a standardized grid. The survey will concern all the medical records of the patients visiting any emergency department on the days of the survey. The evaluation of antibiotic therapies prescribed in discharge orders will be carried out in accordance with local management recommendations by the site investigator (infectious disease and/or emergency medicine specialist), who will assess whether the prescription is in accordance with the recommendations or not.