Active clinical trials for "Infections"

The main objective of this prospective observational cohort study is to investigate the epidemiology, the risk factors and ultimately the incidence of novel HIV infections among individuals at high risk for acquiring HIV via sex practices.

Due to the scarcity of data on prognostic and predictive influence on CCA, epidemiological studies evaluating these factors need to be developed in patients with CCA. Therefore, the investigators want to evaluate the profile of patients in the real world and from various parts of the world, describing prognostic factors such as CD4 dosage, time of HIV infection, evaluation of viral load, diagnosis of AIDS, geographic region of diagnosis and treatment, clinical staging, medications concomitant with QRT (risk of drug interactions), comorbidities (possible impact on dose-intensity), use of HAART, time of use of HAART, radiotherapy modality (conventional 3D vs Modulated Beam Intensity [IMRT], response to Nigro vs CTII regimens, as well as comparing clinical outcomes with patients without HIV infection.

A longitudinal study to investigate the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections among young women and determine the role of the female genital tract microbiome in fertility

Generation Victoria (GenV) is a longitudinal, population-based study of Victorian children and their parents that will bring together data on a wide range of conditions, exposures and outcomes. GenV blends study-collected, study-enhanced and linked data. It will be multi-purpose, supporting observational, interventional, health services and policy research within the same cohort. It is designed to address physical, mental and social issues experienced during childhood, as well as the antecedents of a wide range of diseases of ageing. It seeks to generate translatable evidence (prediction, prevention, treatments, services) to improve future wellbeing and reduce the future disease burden of children and adults. The GenV Cohort 2020s is open to all babies born over a two-year period, and their parents, residing in the state of Victoria Australia. The GenV Cohort 2020s is preceded by an Advance Cohort of babies born between 5 Dec 2020 and 3 October 2021, and their parents. This comprises all families recruited at GenV's Vanguard hospital (Joan Kirner Women's and Children's) and at birthing hospitals throughout Victoria as GenV scaled up to commence recruiting for the GenV Cohort 2020s. The Advance Cohort have ongoing and full participation in GenV for their lifetime unless they withdraw but may have less complete data and biosamples.

COVID-19 is the pandemic disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. It is a highly contagious viral disease, the condition of which main clinical symptoms are characterized by fever and respiratory symptoms. Evidence indicates to worse outcomes in patients with pre-existing diseases, such as diabetes, arterial hypertension, heart disease, pneumopathies, chronic kidney disease, and immunodeficiencies. Recipients of kidney transplants make prolonged use of immunosuppressive drugs to inhibit the acquired immune response, notably the activity of lymphocytes. Due to this potential to modulate the immune and inflammatory response, it is speculated that the clinical and laboratory condition of COVID-19 in these patients is atypical. Preliminary evidence suggests worse outcomes of COVID-19 in immunosuppressed patients, as carriers of cancer. However, information on kidney transplant recipients is insufficient. So far, only reports of the case are available in the literature with different clinical presentations and outcomes. The aim of this study is, therefore, to characterize the demographics, clinical and laboratory conditions, and the outcomes of COVID-19 in kidney transplant recipients in a national multicenter cohort.

Although lacking strong evidences, plasma transfusions are commonly used in critically ill neonates. To date, the relationships between plasma transfusions and nosocomial infection remain controversial and no study has reported the relationships between plasma transfusion and invasive fungal infection (IFI)

This is a cluster-randomized trial of nursing homes to assess whether decolonization with routine chlorhexidine bathing and periodic use of nasal antiseptics can reduce hospitalizations associated with infections, antibiotic utilization, and multi-drug resistant organism (MDRO) prevalence. The comparator arm will be routine bathing care.

Infectious endocarditis (IE) is the localization and proliferation of blood-borne germs in the endocardium. It remains a complicated disease to manage due to its low incidence, diagnostic difficulties, the change in epidemiology in recent decades and high mortality rates. The annual incidence is estimated at 3-10 cases per 100,000 people. The epidemiology of AR has changed significantly in recent years due to new risk factors. Indeed, the frequency of rheumatic heart disease, which was the first predisposing factor, decreased markedly in the industrialized countries, replaced by new predisposing factors: the presence of valvular prostheses or intracardiac materials (the risk of AR is multiplied by 50 Compared with the general population), hemodialysis, nosocomial infections, immunosuppression, increased use of injectable treatments and, above all, an aging population with an increase in degenerative diseases such as aortic stenosis and l Mitral insufficiency. The diagnosis of IA is based on DUKE criteria. But the clinical presentation is sometimes atypical especially in case of infection on prosthesis where the diagnosis is based mainly on the results of the blood cultures and the ultrasound data. The lesions visualized in ultrasound are: vegetations, abscesses, pseudo-aneurysms and fistulas constituting the degenerated abscess evolution, the perforation of the cusps of the native valve or the bioprosthesis giving rise to a jet of Eccentric regurgitation. The evolution of endocarditis and its prognosis vary according to many factors: the type of germ responsible, the precocity of the diagnosis, the existence of a complication, the site of occurrence. These complications of endocarditis are frequent, sometimes revealing. EI is complicated by heart failure, atrioventricular conduction disorders, peri-vascular abscesses, embolic, neurological, renal and septic complications. Despite improvements in diagnosis and therapeutic methods, diagnosis is sometimes difficult, management remains very complicated and morbidity and mortality remain high. Studies are still needed to study the prognosis and to determine the predictive factors for hospital mortality and long-term mortality.

Management of prosthetic joint infections (PJI) is a challenging task. These infections include different clinical and microbiological settings calling upon various treatment strategies according to infection type (acute or chronic), bone quality, the involved micro-organism and the patient's general condition and willing. Treatment of PJI combines surgery and prolonged antibiotic therapy. In some patients with a high operative risk prolonged suppressive antibiotic therapy can be used. Lack of large prospective studies motivated the conception of this cohort with a long term follow up, regardless to PJI management procedures.

Optimal surgical therapy (debridement in chronic osteomyelitis; device exchange in patients with chronic prosthetic joint infection [PJI]) could be sometimes non-feasible, especially in the elderly population. Therefore, a medical therapy with oral prolonged suppressive antibiotic therapy (PSAT) seems to be an option to prevent recurrence and prosthesis loosening. Unfortunately, some patients are infected with resistant pathogens for which oral antibiotics are not suitable. Subcutaneous (SC) administration of injectable intravenous antibiotics as PSAT could be a convenient way to limit catheter-related complications and facilitate ambulatory care. However, there are few data concerning the development of resistance under subcutaneous prolonged treatment with betalactamine. The aim of this study is is just to constitute a biological collection from samples from the GUT microbiote in patients having a bone or joint infection treated by a suppressive subcutaneous antibiotherapy with betalactamine. Later analysis will be led on those samples to detect the acquisition of resistance or not.