Active clinical trials for "Infections"

The primary purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics and activity of escalating, multiple, oral doses of GS-5885 in subjects with chronic genotype 1 Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infection. Each participant in the study will be sequestered in the clinic for the initial 5 days of the study.

The purpose of the study is to provide continued access to TMC278 in HIV-1 infected patients who were randomized and treated with TMC278 in the Phase IIb or Phase III trials.

In recent years, several new methods for treatment of catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSI) such as antibiotic or antiseptic lock-therapy have been developed with variable success [1-10]. Long-term tunnelled central venous catheters provide a reliable access for administration of chemotherapy, parenteral nutrition or haemodialysis. However, they are not free of complications such as bacteremia. The need to preserve these intra-vascular devices as long as is possible in patients in whom conventional treatment was failed makes emerge antibiotic lock-technique. Ethanol lock-therapy was demonstrate her utility in this cases. But no study has yet been published using the ethanol lock-therapy as a prophylactic therapy in catheter related infections, neither her application in short-term CVCs. Objectives: To investigate the value of a ethanol-lock solution in the prophylaxis of non-tunnelled short-term CVC related infections in a heart post-surgical intensive care unit (HPSICU). Methods: An academic, prospective, randomized and controlled clinical trial is proposed. Patients at HPSICU who have a CVC more than 48 h will be randomized in two arms (ethanol-lock or control group with conventional measurements such as anticoagulants). In the follow-up period, we will register all necessary data to evaluate the end-points of study (CBRSI rate, catheter colonization rate, hospital stay, antimicrobial consume and adverse events due to ethanol).

This study will assess the safety and efficacy of multiple daily dosing of oral LFF571 in patients who have moderate Clostridium difficile infections.

The purpose of the study is to assess the safety, tolerability, antiviral effects, and pharmacokinetics of PPI-461 in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection.

This is a 2-part study of the pharmacokinetics (PK) of MK-7655. In Part I, the PK of a single 125 mg dose of MK-7655 given in combination with 250 mg of PRIMAXIN® (imipenem + cilastatin) will be determined in participants with impaired renal function and matched control participants. In Part II, the potential for renal insufficiency to affect non-renal clearance mechanisms will be investigated.

Bacteria resistant to antibiotic therapy are a major public health problem. The evolution of multi-drug resistant pathogens may be encouraged by provider prescribing behavior. Inappropriate use of antibiotics for nonbacterial infections and overuse of broad spectrum antibiotics can lead to the development of resistant strains. Though providers are adequately trained to know when antibiotics are and are not comparatively effective, this has not been sufficient to affect critical provider practices. The intent of this study is to apply behavioral economic theory to reduce the rate of antibiotic prescriptions for acute respiratory diagnoses for which guidelines do not call for antibiotics. Specifically targeted are infections that are likely to be viral. The objective of this study is to improve provider decisions around treatment of acute respiratory infections. The participants are practicing attending physicians or advanced practice nurses (i.e. providers) at participating clinics who see acute respiratory infection patients. A maximum of 550 participants will be recruited for this study. Providers consenting to participate will fill out a baseline questionnaire online. Subsequent to baseline data collection and enrollment, participating clinic sites will be randomized to the study arms, as described below. There will be a control arm, with clinic sites randomized in a multifactorial design to up to three interventions that leverage the electronic medical record: Order Sets that are triggered by electronic health record (EHR) workflow containing exclusively guideline concordant choices (SA, for Suggested Alternatives); Accountable Justifications triggered by discordant prescriptions that populate the note with provider's rationale for guideline exceptions (AJ); and performance feedback that benchmarks providers' own performance to that of their peers (PC, for Peer Comparisons). The outcomes of interest are antibiotic prescribing patterns, including prescribing rates and changes in prescribing rates over time. The intervention period will be over one year, with a one-year follow up period to measure persistence of the effect after EHR features are returned to the original state and providers no longer receive email alerts.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of inhaled zanamivir in treatment of influenza A and B virus infections in China.

The objective of the present study is to optimize intravenous ganciclovir(GCV) and oral valganciclovir (VGCV)doses, advised by the drug exposure, indicated by the area under the concentration time curve (AUC), in renal transplant patients receiving oral VGCV or intravenous GCV for CMV prophylaxis or treatment. The initial doses will be calculated according to population pharmacokinetic model. Subsequent doses will be adjusted according to plasma GCV concentrations, using the Bayesian approach. This method of dose adjustments could lead to increase the percentage of patients achieving a therapeutic exposure.

This study will compare the safety and effectiveness of two anti-HIV drug combinations in fighting HIV infection in patients whose viral loads (levels of HIV in the blood) rose with other anti-HIV drug treatments.