Active clinical trials for "Infections"

Healthcare-associated infections (HCAIs) and evolving bacterial resistance are major public health concerns that impact all areas of healthcare. Further work is needed to better understand these healthcare issues so that effective preventive measures can be developed. The investigators have developed and validated an experimental model for studying the risk factors for bacterial cross contamination in the surgical operating room. The investigators have confirmed in our previous work that intraoperative bacterial transmission events occur frequently both within and between surgical cases and that these transmission events are linked to 30-day postoperative HCAIs and increased patient mortality. In response, the investigators have implemented various strategies designed to bacterial transmission in the operating room, including anesthesia provider hand hygiene compliance. The investigators' recent work in the intensive care unit suggests that the hand hygiene system the investigators have previously studied could be further optimized. The investigators now propose to evaluate the effectiveness of a multimodal hand hygiene system enhanced with novel wireless technology designed to facilitate real-time group and individual performance feedback. The investigators hypothesize that the use of this system will increase hourly hand decontamination events of anesthesia and circulating nurse providers and reduce 30-day postoperative healthcare-associated infections HCAIs (primary outcome), reduce hospital stay duration, and hospital re-admission rates, and mortality(secondary outcomes).

The primary purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics and activity of escalating, multiple, oral doses of GS-5885 in subjects with chronic genotype 1 Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infection. Each participant in the study will be sequestered in the clinic for the initial 5 days of the study.

The purpose of the study is to provide continued access to TMC278 in HIV-1 infected patients who were randomized and treated with TMC278 in the Phase IIb or Phase III trials.

In recent years, several new methods for treatment of catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSI) such as antibiotic or antiseptic lock-therapy have been developed with variable success [1-10]. Long-term tunnelled central venous catheters provide a reliable access for administration of chemotherapy, parenteral nutrition or haemodialysis. However, they are not free of complications such as bacteremia. The need to preserve these intra-vascular devices as long as is possible in patients in whom conventional treatment was failed makes emerge antibiotic lock-technique. Ethanol lock-therapy was demonstrate her utility in this cases. But no study has yet been published using the ethanol lock-therapy as a prophylactic therapy in catheter related infections, neither her application in short-term CVCs. Objectives: To investigate the value of a ethanol-lock solution in the prophylaxis of non-tunnelled short-term CVC related infections in a heart post-surgical intensive care unit (HPSICU). Methods: An academic, prospective, randomized and controlled clinical trial is proposed. Patients at HPSICU who have a CVC more than 48 h will be randomized in two arms (ethanol-lock or control group with conventional measurements such as anticoagulants). In the follow-up period, we will register all necessary data to evaluate the end-points of study (CBRSI rate, catheter colonization rate, hospital stay, antimicrobial consume and adverse events due to ethanol).

This study will assess the safety and efficacy of multiple daily dosing of oral LFF571 in patients who have moderate Clostridium difficile infections.

The purpose of the study is to assess the safety, tolerability, antiviral effects, and pharmacokinetics of PPI-461 in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection.

This is a 2-part study of the pharmacokinetics (PK) of MK-7655. In Part I, the PK of a single 125 mg dose of MK-7655 given in combination with 250 mg of PRIMAXIN® (imipenem + cilastatin) will be determined in participants with impaired renal function and matched control participants. In Part II, the potential for renal insufficiency to affect non-renal clearance mechanisms will be investigated.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety, efficacy, and side effects of beta-D-2,6-diaminopurine dioxolane (DAPD) compared to DAPD plus mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) when these drugs are added to the anti-HIV treatment regimens of people infected with HIV. Some studies have shown that DAPD and MMF can help fight HIV. However, neither DAPD nor MMF has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration for treating HIV infection. This study will help doctors decide if DAPD and MMF are good drugs for treating HIV.

This study will compare the safety and effectiveness of two anti-HIV drug combinations in fighting HIV infection in patients whose viral loads (levels of HIV in the blood) rose with other anti-HIV drug treatments.

This study allows patients who need a new anti-HIV treatment to take tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (tenofovir DF), an experimental drug. This study also looks at any side effects the drug causes.