Active clinical trials for "Infections"

Within the GEEF om je buik study the effect of 8 weeks intervention with either a diet rich in fiber or fermented food on the gut microbiota will be investigated.

Aim is to compare the effect of number of persons and time-dependant bacterial air contamination on sterile goods, using different preparation conditions and protective sterile covers. Research questions Is there a difference in bacterial air contamination during preparation of the sterile surgical goods with 2 persons (intervention) compared with 4-5 persons (control) in the OR? Is there a time-dependent difference in bacterial air contamination pending surgery for 1 hour (control) compared to approximately 12 hours (intervention) when the sterile goods are protected with sterile covers? Is there a time-dependent difference in bacterial air contamination pending surgery if sterile goods are protected or not, by sterile covers? Is there any differences in surgical site infections between the groups? What type of bacteria contain the air contamination? Is there antibiotic resistant bacterial air contamination?

The GT RACING is a study comparing the efficacy of HA-CS bladder installations with prophylactic antibiotics in the prevention of recurrent urinary tract infections (rUTI).

Approximately 8% of all births occur between 30-36 weeks of gestation ('moderate-late' prematurity). Respiratory tract infections (RTI) and wheezing illnesses disproportionally affect preterm infants resulting in a 1.5-2 fold higher hospitalisation rate during the first years of life compared to term born children. Besides prematurity, several other postnatal modifiable influencing factors are associated with increased risk of respiratory morbidity and impaired pulmonary development. These factors include RTI, rapid weight gain, air pollution, tobacco smoke exposition, vitamin D deficiency, maternal stress and antibiotic usage. The investigators hypothesize that a follow-up program aiming at prevention of modifiable influencing factors can reduce respiratory morbidity in moderate and late prematurity. Objectives: To reduce respiratory disease burden in moderate-late preterm infants in the first 18 months of life

The general decolonization of the human body surface by industrial antiseptic agents, before elective surgery is recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). A specific randomized-controlled trial specifically among high-risk adult orthopedic patients for infection has not been performed. In this single-center, prospective, randomized, and controlled superiority trial, which is planned over a period of two years, we target on an orthopedic patient population with an elevated risk for revision surgery and surgical site infections

Due to rising antibiotic resistance, there has been a focus on non-antibiotic prophylactic measures for postmenopausal patients with recurrent urinary tract infections (rUTI), one of which is the safe and efficacious option of vaginal estrogen therapy. Standard application of vaginal estrogen cream entails intravaginal application of the cream twice a week, but some providers counsel patients with rUTI to apply a small, pea-sized amount to the periurethral area. This ideally reduces the amount of vaginal estrogen used while attaining a similar effect. However, to date, there is no data to prove that the periurethral technique of application is similar or non-inferior to intravaginal application in preventing UTI.

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is closely related to the occurrence of gastric cancer and other diseases. The discovery and eradication of H. pylori is of great significance for the prevention and treatment of related diseases. Oral H. pylori may act as a "reservoir" to cause H. pylori to spread between populations and to cause individual gastric H. pylori infection and recurrence.Understanding the oral and gastric H. pylori infection and influencing factors of the population can provide scientific basis for the formulation of local H. pylori infection prevention strategies.Analyzing the influencing factors of H. pylori eradication in the population can improve the local H. pylori eradication rate and reduce the recurrence of H. pylori infection.Therefore, this study intends to analyze the influence of oral H. pylori infection and oral related factors on gastric H. pylori infection and eradication therapy in outpatients of a tertiary hospital in Xi'an.

Acute respiratory infections are a common reason of attendance at emergency departments. It is also the main reason of unnecessary antibiotic prescription. Antibiotics save lives, but can also directly harm patients by causing antibiotic-associated adverse events. Antibiotic use is directly related to resistance, which is one of the major threats of our century. In addition, some microorganisms live in and on the human body and promote many aspects of our health. Antibiotic treatment can disturb those microorganisms and therefore have long-lasting negative effects on our health. Unfortunately, it is difficult to differentiate between viral infections, which usually heal spontaneously, and bacterial pneumonia, which needs antibiotics treatment. This is one of the reasons of this over-prescribing of antibiotics. This project aims to reduce widespread use of antibiotics in the emergency department through a new diagnostic strategy of bacterial pneumonia. This strategy includes sequential use of well-known techniques: a clinical score, lung ultrasound and finally a biomarker, procalcitonin. The latter tends to be higher in bacterial infections. The combination of these different tests improves the diagnostic process and allows improved use of targeted antibiotics, with the ultimate goal of better patient management. The study will compare the antibiotic prescription rate and the clinical course of patients managed using this new diagnostic approach with those managed as usual. The project will also evaluate the acceptability and feasibility of this strategy and its cost-effectiveness. These two aspects are essential for a wider implementation of this innovative diagnostic approach and decrease antibiotic resistance.

Introduction: Pathogen Microrganisms (PM) colonized on the Blood Pressure Cuff (BPC) are transported from one patient to another by health professionals, which is leading an increase in Health Care Associated Infections (HCAI). The increase in HCAIs is responsible for the increase in mortality and health expenditures. BPCs cannot be sterilized because they are fixed on blood pressure devices, PMs cannot be completely destroyed by using disinfectant, and disposable BPCs increase health expenditures. A safe and inexpensive method has not yet been found to prevent PMs arising from BPCs that circulate between hospital rooms, moved from patient to patient. Objective: The aim of this project is to determine the effectiveness of the Disposable Cuff Sleeve (DCS) to be passed over BPCs to prevent the transport of PMs from BPC. The hypotheses of the study: H1: The use of a DCS is not effective in reducing the transmission of pathogenic microorganisms (number of colonies) originating from the sphygmomanometer cuff to the patient's skin during the arterial blood pressure measurement process. H2: The use of a disposable cuff cover is effective in reducing the transmission of pathogenic microorganisms (number of colonies) originating from the sphygmomanometer cuff to the patient's skin during the arterial blood pressure measurement process. Materials and Methods: The study is a clinical study which will be conducted between 28 April- 28 November 2022 in Gaziantep University Hospital. Ethical approval will be obtained before starting the research. The sample of the study will consist of all BPCs (n=100) that are actively used in surgical outpatient clinics, surgical services and surgical intensive care units of Gaziantep Unıversity hospital. Each sphygmomanometer will be used for blood pressure measurement and microorganism determination of a patient. For this purpose, arterial blood pressure (ABP) will be measured from the right and left arm of 116 patients who have been admitted to the outpatient clinics and have accepted to participate in the study. Swabs for a patient's ABP measurement and microorganism determination will take approximately 20-25 minutes. A total of 7 swab cultures will be taken for one sample (one BPC and one patient). Sorting and nomenclature of swab culture will be done as follows: Sample A: from the inner part of the BPC in contact with the patient's arm, Sample B: upper arm area after wiping with 70% alcohol from upper arm area, Sample C: the patient's ABP from the upper arm area after measurement, Sample D: After cleaning the inside and outside of BPC with 70% alcohol, Sample E: From the inner part of DCS which will contact the patient's arm, Sample F: After wiping the upper arm area of the other arm of with 70% alcohol, Sample G: will be taken from the upper arm area after the ABP is measured from the other arm. The swab culture samples taken by the researchers will be delivered to the Microbiology Laboratory of Gaziantep University Hospital within 30 minutes without waiting. The number of PMs and colonies grown in culture samples will be determined according to international standards. The ABP values measured by BPCs (uncoated), DCS' (sheathed) and swab culture results obtained from samples A, B, C, D, E, F, G will be compared statistically. Data analysis will be performed in SPSS 22.0 package program. For statistical significance, p <0.05 will be accepted. If the H1 hypothesis is confirmed at the end of the study, the use of DSS is proven to be effective in preventing PM transport from BPCs. Prevention of PMs transported from patient to patient with BPCs can lead to a reduction in HCAIs. Reducing HCAIs can reduce mortality and cost increase associated with HCAIs.

In the available literature, there is a lack the risk categorization of infectious complications after RIRS with subsequent recommendation as regard to AP in different risk patients. Therefore this study is planning to investigate the optimal protocol for AP prior to RIRS in high-risk population through comparing the enhanced regimen (2days) vs. the extended regimen (7 days) in a randomized controlled trial (RCT).