Active clinical trials for "Infections"

This is a Phase 3 study to evaluate posoleucel (ALVR105, Viralym-M); an allogeneic, off-the-shelf multi-virus specific T cell therapy that targets six viral pathogens: BK virus, cytomegalovirus, adenovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, human herpesvirus 6 and JC virus.

This study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the Jinghua Weikang Capsule (a Chinese patent medicine for peptic ulcer and gastritis) containing quadruple therapy (Jinghua Weikang Caplsule plus triple therpy) for eradicating Helicobacter pylori in IgA nephropathy.

Introduction: Pathogen Microrganisms (PM) colonized on the Blood Pressure Cuff (BPC) are transported from one patient to another by health professionals, which is leading an increase in Health Care Associated Infections (HCAI). The increase in HCAIs is responsible for the increase in mortality and health expenditures. BPCs cannot be sterilized because they are fixed on blood pressure devices, PMs cannot be completely destroyed by using disinfectant, and disposable BPCs increase health expenditures. A safe and inexpensive method has not yet been found to prevent PMs arising from BPCs that circulate between hospital rooms, moved from patient to patient. Objective: The aim of this project is to determine the effectiveness of the Disposable Cuff Sleeve (DCS) to be passed over BPCs to prevent the transport of PMs from BPC. The hypotheses of the study: H1: The use of a DCS is not effective in reducing the transmission of pathogenic microorganisms (number of colonies) originating from the sphygmomanometer cuff to the patient's skin during the arterial blood pressure measurement process. H2: The use of a disposable cuff cover is effective in reducing the transmission of pathogenic microorganisms (number of colonies) originating from the sphygmomanometer cuff to the patient's skin during the arterial blood pressure measurement process. Materials and Methods: The study is a clinical study which will be conducted between 28 April- 28 November 2022 in Gaziantep University Hospital. Ethical approval will be obtained before starting the research. The sample of the study will consist of all BPCs (n=100) that are actively used in surgical outpatient clinics, surgical services and surgical intensive care units of Gaziantep Unıversity hospital. Each sphygmomanometer will be used for blood pressure measurement and microorganism determination of a patient. For this purpose, arterial blood pressure (ABP) will be measured from the right and left arm of 116 patients who have been admitted to the outpatient clinics and have accepted to participate in the study. Swabs for a patient's ABP measurement and microorganism determination will take approximately 20-25 minutes. A total of 7 swab cultures will be taken for one sample (one BPC and one patient). Sorting and nomenclature of swab culture will be done as follows: Sample A: from the inner part of the BPC in contact with the patient's arm, Sample B: upper arm area after wiping with 70% alcohol from upper arm area, Sample C: the patient's ABP from the upper arm area after measurement, Sample D: After cleaning the inside and outside of BPC with 70% alcohol, Sample E: From the inner part of DCS which will contact the patient's arm, Sample F: After wiping the upper arm area of the other arm of with 70% alcohol, Sample G: will be taken from the upper arm area after the ABP is measured from the other arm. The swab culture samples taken by the researchers will be delivered to the Microbiology Laboratory of Gaziantep University Hospital within 30 minutes without waiting. The number of PMs and colonies grown in culture samples will be determined according to international standards. The ABP values measured by BPCs (uncoated), DCS' (sheathed) and swab culture results obtained from samples A, B, C, D, E, F, G will be compared statistically. Data analysis will be performed in SPSS 22.0 package program. For statistical significance, p <0.05 will be accepted. If the H1 hypothesis is confirmed at the end of the study, the use of DSS is proven to be effective in preventing PM transport from BPCs. Prevention of PMs transported from patient to patient with BPCs can lead to a reduction in HCAIs. Reducing HCAIs can reduce mortality and cost increase associated with HCAIs.

The aim of the present randomized trial is to assess the efficacy of wound drains in terms of reducing the rates of surgical site infection in obese patients with gynecological cancer.

Immunoprophylaxis with two hepatitis B vaccinations following the hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIg) and hepatitis B vaccine at birth is largely effective in protecting infants from hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. However, hepatitis B infection due to immunoprophylaxis failure often occurs in approximately 10% of infants who are born to highly viremic mothers with HBeAg-positive. Maternal HBV DNA > 200,000 IU/mL is the major independent risk for mother-to-child transmission (MTCT). A recent randomized controlled trial has shown that Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (TDF) use during the third trimester of pregnancy could safely reduce the rate of MTCT with few adverse effects when combined with the administration of the standard immunoprophylaxis to the infants. However, HBIg is expensive and not available in many developing countries, resulting approximately 30% of infant infection when they received only HBV vaccination. The present study aims to investigate if highly viremic mothers who are treated with TDF from the second trimester to delivery in combination of infant's standard series of HBV vaccinations (omission of HBIg) have a comparable MTCT rates, when compared to those of mothers who receive TDF at the third trimester in combination of infant's standard HBV vaccinations and a birth dose of HBIg.

This is a study comparing two methods of dressing a post operative wound that are currently in practice. One method is a traditional dry gauze dressing. The other method is using a negative pressure dressing that provides gentle suction on the wound. The investigators will attempt to determine how well the use of post-operative negative pressure dressing reduces wound healing problems in patients who have surgery after radiation for a sarcoma in the thigh or leg.

Deep surgical site infection (DSSI) is one of the most challenging complications for spinal surgeons and can lead to a poor clinical outcome. This ambispective study was designed to examine the effect of vancomycin powder mixed with autogenous bone graft and bone substitute on preventing deep surgical site infection (DSSI) in degenerative lumbar fusion surgeries as well as any interference with bony fusion.

Cervical cancer is the most common cause of cancer and a leading cause of death among HIV-infected women living in resource-limited settings. Although screening for premalignant lesions is an effective way of reducing cervical cancer incidence, its uptake in low-resource settings to date is low. The use of HPV testing for primary screening is currently recommended by many guidelines - including the WHO guidelines for cervical cancer screening in resource-limited settings - because of its greater sensitivity and ease of use compared to other options. However, these WHO guidelines have both highlighted the need to conduct more research on appropriate HPV-based algorithms among HIV-infected women, as immunodeficiency may affect the screening performance. Indeed, HPV infections in HIV-infected women are very common, so there is a need for additional triage to identify women most at risk and there remains considerable uncertainty on the optimal option for such triage. Most of the evidence available comes from HIV-negative populations living in high-resource settings and is not necessarily relevant for low-resource contexts where the epidemiological background is different, women access late to screening and may not have follow up visits, where financial constraints are important and health service resources limited. Hence, the proposed project aims to provide evidence on the effectiveness and feasibility of HPV-based screening algorithms among HIV-infected women in low-resource settings. This multicenter cross-sectional study will include 3,000 HIV-infected women (30-49 years old) receiving HAART and followed in Abidjan (Ivory Coast), Bobo-Dioulasso (Burkina Faso) and Phnom Penh (Cambodia). After self-collection of cervico-vaginal samples, each participant will have an HPV test with partial genotyping primary using the Xpert HPV assay, a real-time PCR assay that provides the possibility of identifying 14 HR-HPV types within one hour. The Xpert HPV test has been chosen because of the wide availability of the Genexpert platform in HIV care centers from resource-limited settings. Furthermore, it can specifically detect HPV-16, 18 and 45, the most carcinogenic HPV types in both HIV-negative and HIV-positive women, separately from other high-risk HPV types. VIA will be another triage option either alone or combined to HPV DNA genotyping. In addition, participants treated for cervical lesion will be followed over 12 months to assess the risk of post-treatment lesions (CIN2+/HSIL) and to identify associated risk-factors.

This is an 8 to14-week three-arm randomized controlled in children 8 to 12 years old. The main purpose of the study is to evaluate if stevia (as with other sweeteners and consistent with prior research in children and adults) has benefits for weight control and metabolic function relative to caloric sweeteners, and whether it provides benefits in this regard similar to water.

Catheter-related bloodstream infections are associated with increased mortality, morbidity, and length of hospital stay. The incidence has decreased significantly with the strict implementation of preventive bundle cares and checklists in intensive care units. Bathing with solutions containing chlorhexidine has been included in preventive strategies in recent years. Although some studies have shown that chlorhexidine bathing reduces the frequency of hospital-associated infections, there are important differences in management of practice and adherence to practice in different facilities. The majority of the studies conducted include adult patients. According to the CDC guidelines, chlorhexidine bathing is recommended for children over 2 months of age to prevent catheter-related bloodstream infection. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of daily bathing with 2% chlorhexidine gluconate solution in preventing catheter-related bloodstream infections in pediatric patients with temporary central venous catheters.