Active clinical trials for "Infections"

This is a randomized controlled trial of the efficacy and safety evaluation of oral administration of Bromhexine hydrochloride for the prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 disease in medical personnel assisting patients with a new coronavirus disease

Recent information appearing from different countries suggest that treatment of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with hydroxychloroquine or with a combination of hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin has either an indifferent effect on viral replication or substantial cardiotoxicity. This is a clinical trial aiming to prove that addition of oral clarithromycin to treatment regimen of COVID-19 is associated with early clinical improvement and attenuation of the high inflammatory burden of the host. The study will not comprise a placebo-comparator group since this is considered inappropriate in an era of a pandemic with substantial global mortality.

This study aims to investigate the effect of probiotic added to the diet of mothers on infantile colic in the postpartum period and the content of the neonatal intestinal microbiota.

The purpose of this pilot study is to test feasibility of concept, consent and enrollment rates, and mechanics of study designed to assess if intra-catheter dwells of tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) is effective in decreasing the rate of clinically diagnosed central line associated blood stream infection (CLABSI) or venous thromboembolism (VTE) in central venous catheters (CVC) compared to standard of care heparin dwell.

The purpose of this study is to examine whether oral taking Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 and Lactobacillus reuteri RC-14 from 28th week of gestation can reduce the GBS colonization rate of vagina and rectum in 35-37 weeks pregnant women as well as during laboring who present with GBS-positive at 28 weeks pregnancy. Through the results of our study, we try to investigate the role of probiotics in preventing the unnecessary tests, admission and antibiotic treatment in newborn with GBS-positive mother who deliver fewer than 4 hours after laboring and the influence of improving cervical diagnostics quality for postpartum Pap testing. Investigators hope the findings may have some effects on GBS sepsis and protocols as well as cervical diagnosis.

Tuberculosis (TB) is the prototypical disease of poverty as it disproportionately affects marginalized and impoverished communities. In the US, TB rates are unacceptably high among homeless persons who have a 10-fold increase in TB incidence as compared to the general population. In California, the rate of TB is more than twice the national case rate and recent TB outbreaks have been alarming. Among persons with active TB disease, over 10% die during treatment, with mortality being even higher among homeless persons with TB. While TB can be prevented by treating TB infection (TBI) before it develops into infectious, symptomatic disease, individual factors such as high prevalence of psychosocial comorbidities, unstable housing and limited access to care have led to poor adherence and completion of TBI treatment among homeless persons. Given the complex health disparity factors that affect TBI treatment adherence among homeless persons, this study will assess the feasibility of a theoretically-based novel model of care among persons with TBI and complex chronic illnesses. This study will evaluate an innovative, community-based intervention that addresses critical individual level factors which are potential mechanisms that underlie health disparities in completing TBI treatment among the predominantly minority homeless. The study hypothesis is that improving these conditions, and promoting health by focused screening for TBI, and early detection and treatment for these vulnerable adults will improve TB treatment completion and prevent future TB disease. The proposed theoretically-based health promotion intervention focuses on: 1) completion of TBI treatment, 2) reducing substance use; 3) improving mental health; and 4) improving critical social determinants of TB risk (unstable housing and poor health care access) among homeless adults in the highest TB prevalence area in Los Angeles. A total of 76 homeless adults with TBI will receive this program which includes culturally-sensitive education, case management, and directly observed therapy (DOT) delivery of medication among patients who have been prescribed 3HP (12 weeks treatment for latent TB infection) by a medical provider. This study will determine whether this intervention can achieve higher completion rates than the 65% completion rate among homeless persons reported by previous TB programs.

This study will enrol African, Caribbean and Black (ACB) women who are known to have a more diverse vaginal microbiome, higher rates of bacterial vaginosis with lower numbers of protective lactobacilli, and are at increased risk for HIV. The investigators will evaluate the safety, feasibility, effect on the vaginal bacterial microbiome and changes in local immune and inflammatory responses with the administration of vaginal estrogen alone, vaginal estrogen in combination with oral or vaginally administered probiotics, or vaginal probiotics alone.

This study is randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled trial to access oral Methenamine Hippurate (MH) in combination with cranberry capsules is superior to cranberry capsules alone in prevention of UTI in patients with transient post-operative urinary retention requiring a Foley catheter after pelvic reconstructive surgery.

The study will assess the utility of 4% chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) daily bathing to reduce hospital acquired infections in patients admitted to intensive care units. One group will be daily bathed with 4% CHG and the other group with standard soap.

Vancomycin, a tricyclic glycopeptide antibiotic, was originally indicated for the treatment of penicillin-resistant S. Aureus. It has a bactericidal action, inhibiting the biosynthesis of the cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria. Various studies have reported the application of intraoperative vancomycin powder to the wound prior to wound closure as a method of antibiotic prophylaxis. Intrasite administration of the drug should theoretically minimize rapid absorption into the systemic circulation, thereby reducing drug-associated side effects. The precipitated concentration gradient between the local wound and the scaffold should also reduce the occurrence of drug resistance. In Haiti, monitoring patients post-operatively is often difficult. The Mortality, Morbidity and Use of Services Survey (EMMUS-VI 2016-2017) reports that the non-use of a health facility is motivated in 58% of cases by the excessively high economic cost of care. Also, SSIs represent a challenge for clinicians. The best solution to the consequences of SSI in this context is prevention. In the present study, the investigator tested the hypothesis that the use of vancomycin powder in the surgical wound would decrease the occurrence of SSI.