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Active clinical trials for "Infections"

Results 4941-4950 of 6584

Nevirapine Dosing in Neonates for Prophylaxis of Mother-to-Child-Transmission (MTCT) of HIV Infection...

Human Immunodeficiency VirusHIV1 more

The purpose of this study is to determine whether the current dose of nevirapine recommended in the Ontario Ministry of Health vertical transmission prevention protocol achieves therapeutic drug levels in newborn infants at high risk of HIV infection.

Completed6 enrollment criteria

Adherence, HIV-1 Infection, Resistance, and Renal and Skeletal Adverse Event in Individuals Taking...

HIV

This is an observational study of HIV-1 negative individuals who participated in demonstration projects or clinical studies and took daily Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (FTC/TDF, Truvada®) for pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). All individuals were enrolled and followed as described in the parent PrEP demonstration project or clinical study protocol until study completion, HIV-1 infection, discontinuation due to an adverse event, lost to follow-up, or administrative censoring. In the protocols of the parent PrEP observational or clinical studies, participants had follow-up visits on average every 3 months for evaluation of adherence, renal and bone adverse events, and HIV-1 infection status. Adherence was determined by the specific FTC/TDF drug level measurement(s) outlined in the parent protocol. Gilead had collected data from 21 global PrEP demonstration projects and clinical studies for over 7,000 Truvada for PrEP users who had at least one measurement of adherence. Data from the different contributing studies were pooled for statistical analyses by Gilead.

Completed4 enrollment criteria

A Retrospective, Blinded Validation of a Host-response Based Diagnostics

FeverRespiratory Tract Infections4 more

This is a retrospective, blinded, external validation study of a novel in-vitro diagnostic (IVD) assay that will include samples that were previously collected from febrile pediatric patients. The investigated assay measures the levels of a few host-related, blood-based, bio-markers that will be integrated into a single score. Based on this score, each patient will be classified into one of three categories: (i) bacterial immune response, (ii) viral immune response, and (iii) marginal immune response. The assay prediction and the patient diagnosis will than be unveiled and compared to determine their level of concordance.

Completed11 enrollment criteria

Observational, Prospective Clinical Study to Evaluate Biomarkers as Indicators of Acute Bacterial...

LRTIUTI3 more

This is an observational prospective study of an in-vitro diagnostic (IVD) assay planned to enroll 632 subjects. The study will be conducted in two stages: Stage A is aimed at identifying individual biomarkers and constructing a multi-parametric diagnostic model, whereas Stage B is aimed at testing the multi-parametric diagnostic model using a fresh cohort of patients. A collection of clinical, radiological and laboratory data will be gathered in order to establish a final diagnosis. Blood samples will be analyzed and the levels of approximately 700 and 250,000 biomarkers will be determined using immunoassays and molecular measurements respectively. A final diagnosis will be determined based on a majority decision of a panel of three or more independent physicians. Based on the final diagnosis, the accuracy of individual biomarkers and combined sets of biomarkers for differentiating between distinct groups of patients will be evaluated.

Completed17 enrollment criteria

Complement 2: Blood Donations to Develop Vaccines Against Infectious Diseases

Complement Mediated Bacterial Killing in Healthy Adults

We need human blood to understand the immune response to infection and to test promising new vaccines against infectious diseases in the laboratory. One test is called the Serum Bactericidal Assay (or SBA), which is measure of how effective antibodies are at killing certain bacteria and can be an important measure of how effective a new vaccine may be. The samples would be used in the laboratory analysis of clinical trials of vaccines used in adults and children, and some samples in pre-clinical (animal) experiments testing new vaccines before they enter human-stage testing. Most people have some form of protection against most bacteria already, so not everyone is a suitable blood donor for this laboratory test. We therefore start by taking a small blood sample and test this one before asking for more blood if we found yours suitable for the work we do.

Completed11 enrollment criteria

Newborn Infection Control and Care Initiative for Health Facilities to Accelerate Reduction of Newborn...

Neonatal Infection

Newborn mortality continues to be unacceptably high in Cambodia, despite reductions in maternal and under five year old mortality. Evidence exists that a large proportion of newborn mortality globally and in Cambodia is attributable to infections and sepsis. The study proposes a package intervention to address infection control in the perinatal period in facilities and to improve the timeliness of referral of newborns with suspected infections to appropriate health facilities for treatment through upgrading of hygiene practices in facilities and linking of community based volunteers with health facilities and families in the community setting. By delivering a coordinated intervention that combines improved education for health center midwives, village health care workers, and mothers of newborns, along with improved care coordination with increase in number of interactions (points of contact) between mothers and health care personnel, the investigators will see improved knowledge of newborn danger signs among mothers and health care workers, more rapid case detection of significant newborn illnesses, and more rapid and appropriate referral of ill newborns. The investigators also hypothesize that the common causes of newborn sepsis in Cambodia are different from those reported in Western cultures, and that Staphylococcus aureus will be a common pathogen as described in neighboring Laos. The investigators will evaluate the causes of newborn sepsis in the subset of infants referred to Takeo Provincial Hospital.

Unknown status4 enrollment criteria

Use of 48 Hour Course of Antibiotics to Prevent Surgical Site Infection in Obese Patients Undergoing...

Surgical Site Infection in Obese Women Undergoing C-section

The purpose of this study is to evaluate if preoperative antibiotics, followed by 48 hour course of broad spectrum antibiotics prevents wound infection complications in patients that are obese who undergo cesarean section. Standard antibiotic prophylaxis in all weight women undergoing cesarean section is cefazolin prior to skin incision. It is the hypothesis that a prolonged, 48 hour course of broad spectrum antibiotics that are suited to prevent growth of normal vaginal flora will decrease the rate of surgical site infection in obese patients that are at a greatly increased risk of postoperative infections complications.

Unknown status7 enrollment criteria

Study of the Transmission of Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Infection From Mother to Foetus

InfectionsCytomegalovirus1 more

This study is designed to evaluate maternal virological and immunological parameters to determine their ability to predict congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. When a pregnant woman is infected with CMV, her immune system (which protects her from infection) is activated and the virus can be found in the woman's bodily fluids (blood, saliva, urine, vaginal secretions). The aim of this study is to find out if there is a link between either the pregnant woman's immune response or the presence of the virus in these bodily fluids and the child/foetus being infected with the virus.

Completed12 enrollment criteria

Tailored Antibiotics Prophylaxis for Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy

The Patients Who Receive Percutaneous Endoscopic GastrostomyPeristomal Wound Infection After the Operation of PEG1 more

Tailored antibiotic prophylaxis according to the individual throat swab culture could reduce the peristomal infection rate

Unknown status2 enrollment criteria

Retrovirus Epidemiology Donor Study I (REDS I)

Acquired Immunodeficiency SyndromeBlood Donors7 more

To conduct a multicenter epidemiologic study of the human retroviruses HIV-1, HIV-2, HTLV-I, and HTLV-II in volunteer blood donors from areas of the United States that were reportedly at high and medium or low risk for HIV. Also, to determine the prevalence of retrovirus seropositivity in first time blood donors; and the rate of retrovirus seroconversion in repeat blood donors as a measure of incidence of infection; to ascertain risk factors for antibody-positive donors; to characterize the blood donor population by geographic location, age, sex, race/ethnicity, and donation history to permit analysis on prevalence, incidence, and risk factors; to identify recipients of retrovirus-positive blood units and conduct clinical and laboratory follow-up of these recipients; and to establish a blood specimen repository for long-term storage of specimens from study donors and recipients for future testing.

Completed1 enrollment criteria
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