Active clinical trials for "Infections"

Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) is commonly used for long term enteral feeding of patients with severe dysphagia. The most common complication is peristomal wound infection. The possible mechanism the bacterial from the oral cavity disseminate during the PEG insertion through the stomach to the abdominal wall, in spite the routine use of antibiotic prophylaxis, have reported low rates of wound infection in patients who were already receiving antibiotics at the time of PEG Our hypothesis that washing the oral cavity with antibiotic solution prior the insertion PEG , We planned a prospective, randomised, double blind, one centre study of antibiotic mouth wash solution (0.2% Chlorhexidine gluconate) as.prophylaxis in PEG

To determine the value of increasing use of piperacillin/tazobactam as empiric therapy and restricting extended-spectrum cephalosporins in reducing the cases of ESBL producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in hematology and oncology units

The study is designed to evaluate interferon responses to CMV in HIV positive individuals and a component will look at interferon responses to CMV in HIV positive individuals over time after commencement of antiretroviral therapy. We will also look at the correlation between CD4 T cell numbers and HLA type with the interferon response.

The purpose of this study is to determine risk factors for HPV infections in 25 to 65 year old women who report having used internet dating websites in the past year.

The aim of this study was to delineate the epidemiological profile of HIV seropositive patients on antiretroviral therapy at the Clinical Hospital of the Federal University of Goiás.

The purpose of this Open Label Safety Study is to provide access to and evaluate the safety and tolerability of TPV/r in treatment-experienced patients with advanced HIV-1 infection who have failed at least two PI-containing regimens, and have limited treatment options.

The purpose of this observational study is to assess the prevalence and demographic and clinical characteristics of infections in elderly people admitted to Internal Medicine wards in Spain, as well as the etiology and resistance pattern for the main causal agents, and outcome.

The study of early, acute HIV infection is critical to understanding subtype-specific pathophysiologic differences, since up to 50% of acute HIV infections may be incapacitating. This study will establish whether the patient population of the Thai Red Cross Anonymous Clinic is suitable for the study of early, acute infection.

Intravenous catheters are placed in nearly every hospitalized patient. These catheters, since they are breaks in skin integrity, are potential sources of infection that occur in the bloodstream. Bloodstream infections can result in higher rates of death and lengths of hospital stay, as well as increase healthcare costs. Blood is drawn or medications delivered through a catheter access device attached to the catheter. In looking at new ways to decrease infections associated with healthcare, the investigators plan to test whether the use of a silver-coated catheter access device (VLINK) compared to the standard, non-coated device (CLEARLINK) can reduce infection rates. These devices are identical in design other than the silver coating of the VLINK, that imparts a brown color to the device. Silver can prevent the growth of bacteria inside the device (biofilm formation) in the laboratory, but this has never been proven in patients. The investigators propose to do a crossover study in two Emory-owned hospitals (Emory University Hospital and Emory University Hospital at Midtown), anticipated to last 10 months. Currently, both types of devices, (standard and silver-coated) are FDA approved for clinical use and are in use at both hospitals. The investigators plan to have each hospital use only one type of catheter access device for a period of time (approximately 5 months), and then switch ("crossover") to other type of device for the rest of the study. All patients admitted to either hospital (excluding newborns and patients with infections attributed to hemodialysis catheters) will be enrolled since both devices meet the standard of care. During the study, the infection prevention department, as a continuing part of their regular duties will measure infection rates. A small subset of catheters that are removed during routine clinical care (none will be taken out solely for the study) will be sent to CDC to determine the amount of bacteria inside catheters and catheter access devices (look for biofilm). Finally, the microbiology lab, again as part of its routine function will determine the rate at which blood cultures are falsely positive. All of these measures will be compared using statistical methods to see if there is a difference between the standard and silver-coated catheter access devices. In undertaking this study, the investigators will be using a type of vascular access device (valve, not positive pressure) already in use in both hospitals and not changing the delivery of care to patients while, in a rigorous, systematic manner, obtaining samples and data for analysis.

After exposure to an active case of tuberculosis (TB), close contacts may be infected. They are then considered as having latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). Detecting LTBI is the main goal of contact tracing procedures after exposure to TB. Until recently, the only test available for detecting LTBI was the tuberculin skin test (TST). More recent tests are now available (Interferon-gamma release assays: IGRA), which are more specific and sensitive than the TST. This study compares the TST and an IGRA in the routine activity of contact tracing in our area.