Active clinical trials for "Communicable Diseases"

This study is designed to compare the performance of the NOWDx HSV-2 Test to a currently marketed device. The intent is to show the rapid test device is comparable to the currently marketed device. The NOWDx HSV-2 Test is intended for qualitatively detecting the presence or absence of human Immunoglobulin G (IgG) class antibodies to HSV-2 in human whole blood to aid in the diagnosis of infection caused by herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2).

This randomized controlled trial in older hospitalized patients found that a respiratory care bundle intervention did not significantly reduce the incidence of respiratory infections compared to usual care for the index admission. However, time to next admission for respiratory infection was significantly longer with the intervention compared to usual care. Aim: To evaluate whether a respiratory care bundle, compared to usual care, reduces respiratory infections during and after hospitalization. Methods: In this open-label, single-centre randomized controlled trial, we recruited patients >65 years of age and admitted <72 hours for non-respiratory conditions to a novel respiratory care bundle intervention (whole bed tilt, swallow screen, chlorhexidine mouth wash, and pneumococcal and influenza vaccinations) or usual care. Participants were followed up for 12 months. The primary endpoint was the development of respiratory infection during the index admission. The secondary endpoint was the time to next admission for respiratory infection.

This study has two parts. Part A will assess the safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetics (PK) of AT-777 in healthy subjects. Part B will assess the safety, antiviral activity/efficacy and PK of AT-777 in combination with AT-527 after 8 weeks of treatment in HCV-infected subjects.

This study investigates nanotechnology structured water magnalife in urology and to test its effects against lower urinary tract infections (UTI) in females.

In the SAVE study patients with lower respiratory tract infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) at high risk for progression to serious respiratory failure will be detected using the suPAR biomarker. They will begin early treatment with anakinra in the effort to prevent progression in serious respiratory failure.

INTRODUCTION It is estimated that over 80% of women who give vaginal birth will sustain some form of perineal tear and of these 60-70% will require suturing. It is of great importance that operators are familiar with the best suturing technique and suture material in order to minimize possible associated short- and long-term sequelae. There is evidence for suturing continuously to reduce postoperative pain and superficial dyspareunia, but the choice of suture-material is still debated. The function of a suture is to close the wound to minimize the bleeding, the risk for infection and to adapt the wound edges to promote anatomic correct healing. Infection results in softened wound edges, shirked sutures, pain and dehiscence. Delayed and/or compromised wound healing is correlated with impaired strength in the affected tissue. Reported frequency of infection after first and second degree tear is between 1 and 11% where the discrepancy most likely is due to poor registration and follow-up. In 2004 Polyglactin 910 was launched with a new antibacterial coating of Triclosan (VicrylPlus®). Studies suggest a correlation between the use of VicrylPlus® and a reduction of up to 30% of surgical site infections (SSI) compared to conventional sutures in a non-colonized wound. OBJEKTIVE: The primary objective is to compare infection rates and pain intensity when using Vicryl® versus VicrylPlus® for perineal repair after delivery. Secondly, to show if there is a difference in sequelae (pelvic floor dysfunction) after one year between the two groups. METHODS The participants are randomly allocated to continuously suturing with either Vicryl® or VicrylPlus®. Sealed identical-looking envelopes are prepared and placed in the delivery room (randomized into blocks of 50) containing randomization number, sutures, declaration of informed consent and questionnaires. The participants are instructed to fill in the first questionnaire after 7 days and the second questionnaire after 8 weeks post partum. After 8 weeks all participants are offered a routine visit to the "out-patient clinic". After one year an internet-based survey will be sent out to the participants. In case of complains/signs of deficient healing after one year, the woman will be offered a clinical control. Data will be analyzed according to intention to treat and per-protocol".

Gut dysbiosis is an intestinal disorder that is characterized by accumulation of microbiota imbalance, host-microbiota crosstalk dysfunction and inflammation. As part of its clinical development, MaaT (Microbiota as a Therapy) Pharma is particularly interested in patients with Bone and Joint Infections (BJI). These patients are treated with antibiotics having significant consequences on their intestinal flora, causing intestinal discomfort, which can be manifested by diarrhea. MaaT Pharma wishes to carry out a clinical study, OSIRIS, in collaboration with Prof. Tristan Ferry, member and coordinator of CRIOAc (Centre de Référence des Infections Ostéo-Articulaires Complexes) Lyon, Center of Reference of Bone and Joint Infections (BJI). The objective of this study is to follow patients with treated BJI in order to characterize intestinal dysbiosis and the future relevance of an autologous Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (aFMT) intervention. To do this, patients will be monitored according to the current CRIOAc recommendations, with the aim of taking biological samples from patients at the same time as scheduled visits, routine monitoring patients. Only one additional consultation will be carried out 15 days after stopping the antibiotics in order to better evaluate the dysbiosis evolution. Thus biological samples (blood, stool, nasal, rectal) will be taken during the follow-up consultations over a period of 6 months.

Substance misuse is a common problem among HIV+ individuals. Research suggests that a Screening, Brief Intervention, and Treatment (SBIRT) model can be effective in reducing substance misuse in the general older adult population; however these findings have not been verified in the more vulnerable HIV+ older adult population. The present study seeks to address the problem of substance misuse in older HIV+ adults by piloting a SBIRT model for older HIV+ adults in a in a primary care setting. Individual reductions in alcohol and drug use can have significant effects on public health and safety when observed over a large population at risk for substance use problems. With wider dissemination statewide, a relatively low-cost intervention such as SBIRT could offer demonstrated benefits in this population.

This was a multicenter, randomized study to evaluate the safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy of VRC-ZKADNA090-00-VP (Zika virus wildtype DNA vaccine) or placebo. In Part A, the primary objective was to evaluate the safety and tolerability of the vaccine in different vaccination regimens. In Part B, the primary objectives were to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the vaccine compared to placebo.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection can result in a greater risk of adverse outcomes in HIV-infected individuals, including more rapid progression to cirrhosis and associated complications such as hepatocellular carcinoma. For this reason, as well as the shared routes of transmission between the two viruses, UK and International guidance recommends that all HBV-negative HIV-infected individuals be offered vaccination against HBV. Unfortunately, response rates in this population can be as low as 17.5 - 40% to standard vaccination courses. To improve this response, strategies such as the use of double dose of standard vaccines (e.g. Engerix B) is recommended in several guidelines for previous non-responders, although there is currently limited evidence for this approach. An alternative strategy is to use vaccines with novel adjuvants such as Fendrix and observational clinical data in the Investigators HIV cohort suggests that response rates can be as high as 81% of individuals achieving HBV surface antibody (HBsAb) levels >100 in a group that did not respond to previous standard HBV vaccine courses. However, the cost of Fendrix is considerably higher than Engerix B and controlled trials are required to confirm whether this approach is warranted. Furthermore, insights into the potential mechanisms by which Fendrix may elicit better responses would be valuable in optimising future vaccine strategies in this population. The Investigators propose to conduct a randomised, open label, active-controlled pilot study comparing double dose Engerix B and Fendrix in HIV-infected non-responders to standard HBV vaccine courses, which will provide the necessary data to design and power a larger multicentre randomised controlled trial. Outcome measures will include the proportion of individuals seroconverting with HBsAb levels >100 following each vaccination course, the magnitude and quality of the HBV-specific CD4+ T-cell responses elicited by each vaccine and the durability of the HBsAb response at 1 year following the end of vaccination.