Active clinical trials for "Communicable Diseases"

The purpose of this study is to determine whether the daily nurse review of the indication of the urinary catheter compared to the everyday care of the working staff is effective to reduce the rate of catheter-associated urinary tract infection in adults hospitalized.

100 Russian children of 2 years of age and less in high-risk populations (preterm, and/or with heart and lung problems) will receive palivizumab (Synagis) 15 mg/kg intramuscularly as prophylaxis to severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in order to study the safety and efficacy of the drug in Russian subjects.

This study is a first-in-human (Phase 1) study using three dose levels of an investigational vaccine directed against Staphylococcus aureus (SA3Ag). This study is primarily designed to assess how safe and well tolerated SA3Ag is, but will also describe the immune response over 12 months elicited by SA3Ag. Additionally, this study will assess the effect of SA3Ag vaccine on the number of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria that naturally occur on the skin and within the nose and throat.

Helicobacter pylori-infection (H. pylori) affects about fifty percent of the general population and is associated with peptic ulcer disease, non-cardia gastric adenocarcinoma and gastric lymphoma. Currently, diagnostic methods include breath tests, serology, stool antigen tests, histology or the Helicobacter urease test (HUT). The aim of our study is to access the clinical reliability of a new, electrochemical device for rapid H. pylori detection.

The physicians have few options for skin antisepsis. Alternatives for common use antiseptics are costly or ineffective. In order to have more options, this study is needed. The investigators want to know if there are differences between the use of 2% chlorhexidine gluconate in 70% isopropyl alcohol or 10% sodium hypochlorite.

Acute upper respiratory tract infections are the most commmon infections in children and are associated with complications such as acute otitis media, sinusitis and pneumonia. Echinacea is widely used for treatment of upper respiratoty tract infections. The aim of this study is to evaluate its efficacy as prophilaxis in children 1-5 years old.

Aims: To develop a food supplement containing a health-promoting probiotic bacteria (B. lactis BB12) and xylitol to be administered with a novel soft, possibly occlusion-friendly pacifier. Test in a clinical study how feasible the method is and to study how the intervention affects caries occurrence. Main hypothesis: The administration of B. lactis BB12 and xylitol affects beneficially the dental health of the child.

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common infection in patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) that increases length of stay but not mortality. It is not known whether antibiotic treatment will alter outcomes. Our previous studies have documented wide practice variations exist amongst doctors, including prescribing antibiotics to asymptomatic patients. Therefore, the merits of various ways to manage the infection require further studies to minimize the potential for over-prescribing of antibiotics, a practice that can increase the development of resistant bacteria. The objective of this pilot study is to determine the feasibility of conducting a larger definitive study that will determine the effect of catheter change and/or systemic antibiotics as compared to no interventions on outcomes and resource utilization in ICU patients with UTI. Patients will be randomized to receive no treatment, antibiotics alone, urine catheter change alone, and both catheter change and antibiotics. Their clinical outcomes will be assessed. Results from the pilot trial will provide information about whether it is feasible to conduct the larger definitive trial. Results of the definitive study will provide guidance to clinicians on how to manage a frequent clinical problem and optimize antibiotic usage.

A Phase III trial to demonstrate the safety and efficacy of PTK 0796 in the treatment of complicated skin and skin structure infections (cSSSI).

The purpose of this study is to determinate if 70% isopropyl alcohol is not inferior preventing contamination of peripheral hemocultures, compared with 2% chlorhexidine in 70% isopropyl alcohol.