Active clinical trials for "Communicable Diseases"

The large intestine is home to trillions of microbes, known as the gut microbiome, which perform essential functions, such as digesting food and fighting disease. The diversity of microbes present in our gut microbiome is influenced by lifestyle factors, such as dietary patterns, medication usage, and sanitation practices. Research shows that the diversity of the human gut microbiome decreases as societies undergo industrialization. For example, fecal samples from rural Papua New Guineans contain an additional 50 microbial species, such as Limosilactobacillus reuteri, not found in people living in the United States. What has caused the disappearance of L. reuteri in industrialized countries is currently unknown. However, diet is a major factor influencing the composition of the gut microbiome. Microbiota-accessible carbohydrates (MACs) are indigestible carbohydrates that are a primary source of energy for gut microbes. North Americans consume far less of these carbohydrates (which are contained in foods such as beans, yams, and artichokes) than rural Papua New Guineans. The overall aim of this controlled feeding study is to determine if a strain of L. reuteri isolated from rural Papua New Guinea can be established in the gut of Canadians when taken as a probiotic alongside a non-industrialized-type diet designed to promote its growth. Furthermore, the study will determine: (i) the physiological and immunological effects of both L. reuteri and the non-industrialized-type diet, and (ii) the effects of both L. reuteri and the non-industrialized-type diet on gut microbiome ecology.

The main objectives of the study are; to determine the efficacy of test drug Crano-cure for the treatment of urinary tract infection, to compare the effectiveness of Polyherbal formulation Crano-cure vs. Standard allopathic. Antibacterial/ antibiotic (Ciprofloxacin 500 mg) in treatment of UTI, to assess the safety of trial drug. Research literatures have revealed that Tribulus terrestris (Gokhro), Vaccinium macrocarpon (karonda), Cuminum cyminum (Zeera sufaid), Rheum emodi (Revand chini) and Piper cubeba (Kabab chini) are important therapeutic plants. Many pharmacological researches have been done on these plants. For instance, antioxidant, antiseptic, anti-microbial, anti-bacterial, anticancer etc. In the above claims and facts, the study is conducted to formulate and evaluate the polyherbal capsule and to find out the most effective combination having anti-bacterial activity.

Given the current public health crisis the use of telehealth consultation visits including phone-only and video visits has exponentially increased. This study will investigate if the conduct of telehealth phone only visits is non-inferior in terms of patient satisfaction/experience, adherence to post-visit recommendations such as medications, blood work and other medical testing, follow up care, when compared to the conduct of video delivered telehealth visits. Patients will be randomized to receive a routine care visit via phone only vs. video.

Over recent years there has been a lot of research looking at how the bacteria in our gut affects our health. Some medications are known to cause changes in gut bacteria. Many patients that are prescribed iron report gastrointestinal side effects. This research project aims to see if the cause of the gastrointestinal side effects is due to iron causing changes in the gut bacteria. This can be detected via measuring the levels of hydrogen and methane and other compounds in the breath and stool.

A randomized control trial was conducted to test the effect of umbilical cord clamping distance on cord separation time and umbilical cord microbial colonization in neonates.

The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate the potential effects of photobiomodulation when used with topical disinfectants in the anterior nares of healthy adults. Over a three week period, participants will have their anterior nares swabbed with methylene blue, chlorhexidine gluconate, or a combination of the two followed by 4 minutes of non-thermal red light treatment. The fourth week of consist of only red light treatment. Culture samples of the subjects nasal microbiome will be taken prior to treatment, immediately after treatment, 4-, 8-, 24-, and 48 hours after treatment.

This study investigated the effects of a proprietorial herbal supplement, Turmeric Brainwave (now Mind focus), on cognition, mood and the microbiome in older adults experiencing subjective memory decline, following 90 days supplementation.

Although the existing diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli (E. coli) challenge model is already suitable for dietary interventions in its current form, further characterization of the working-mechanism of the attenuated strain and further optimization of the study design will enable the investigators to better select those ingredients that affect the key pathophysiological processes. The aim of the CORAL study is to further characterize and increase the discriminative power of the diarrhoeagenic E. coli challenge model.

HOME FIRST (Home Followed - up with Infection Respiratory Support Team) is an early supported discharge scheme. It will enable patients with lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) to be provided with high quality safe, effective, efficient patient centred care, tailored to their needs in their own home; aiming to improve the overall experience of the service user, improve patient outcomes and reduce hospital length of stay whilst simultaneously reducing admission rates, an area of major strategic importance to the NHS.

This randomized phase III trial compares the effectiveness of caspofungin to fluconazole in preventing invasive fungal infections in patients receiving chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Antifungal prophylaxis is considered standard of care in children and adults with prolonged neutropenia after chemotherapy for AML however the ideal antifungal agent for prophylaxis in children is not known. Caspofungin has activity against yeast and some molds while fluconazole coverage is limited to just yeasts. Adult randomized trials suggest that agents with activity against yeasts and molds are more effective than those with just activity against yeasts. There are limited data to answer this comparative question in children. This study will establish much needed pediatric data to guide clinical decision making on optimal antifungal prophylaxis.