Pre-operative Risk Assessment of Surgical Site Infection After Cardiac Surgery
Surgical Site InfectionRisk Assessment1 moreSurgical site infections (SSI) are serious complications accounting for 20% of all the healthcare-associated infections and are considered the second most frequent type of hospital-acquired infection in Europe and the United States. SSI after cardiac surgery is associated with delays to patient's discharge, readmissions and re-operations; and can result in increased hospital costs for staffing, diagnostics and treatment. Risk assessment has been identified as potentially useful intervention in SSI prevention and in identifying at risk populations who may benefit from specific interventions to reduce this possible complication of cardiac surgery. However, there is currently a lack of evidence as to which risk tools are the most valid and reliable to be used in clinical practice. The investigators developed and locally validated the Barts Heart Centre Surgical Infection Risk (B-SIR) tool to include patients with various types of cardiac surgeries and found that the B-SIR tool is a better tool in predicting SSI risk compared with the existing cardiac risk tools in the study population. However, various literatures recognised that the predictive performance of a risk model tends to vary across settings, populations and periods. Hence, the investigators aim to do a multi-centre validation of the newly developed B-SIR tool and apply all the other tools (Australian Cardiac Risk Index and Brompton and Harefield Infection Score) to identify what tool performs best that can potentially be use for the UK population. Further, the outcome of the study will be beneficial to future cardiac surgery patients to assess their risk of developing SSI and help identify those patients who may benefit from specific interventions. Existing patients' data, which will be anonymised, from the participating cardiac centres will be utilised to analyse and compare the performance of each risk tools.
HostDx Sepsis in the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Emergency Department Patients With Suspected Infections...
Respiratory Tract InfectionsUrinary Tract Infections4 moreThis study will analyze gene expression and other laboratory data from biological samples collected from participants with suspected respiratory, urinary, intra-abdominal, and/or skin & soft tissue infections; or suspected sepsis of any cause.
Pregnancy and Neonatal Outcomes Following Antenatal Exposure to Raltegravir: a Pooled Analysis From...
HIV InfectionsRaltegravir is the preferred INSTI for for treatment of antiretroviral-naïve pregnant women in the US Perinatal Guidelines, alongside Dolutegravir, and for late pregnancy. There are relatively limited information available on its use during early pregnancy, particularly the peri-conception period. The aim of the study is to assess "real-world" maternal, fetal and newborn outcomes following RAL use during pregnancy through pooled analysis of individual patient data from observational studies participating in the European Pregnancy and Paediatric Infections Cohort Collaboration.
Microbial Colonization in Lung Cancer Patients
Microbial ColonizationPrimary Aim: -To determine the prevalence and pattern of bronchial colonization in patients presenting with lung cancer at the time of diagnosis Secondary Aim: -To assess the potential demographic, clinical, radiological and histological predictors of colonization in patients with lung cancer
A Combinatorial Biomarker for Infection Diagnosis in Children
Respiratory Tract InfectionsFeverTo describe the epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, therapy, and treatment outcomes of patients in whom the combination biomarker BV (combination of TRAIL, IP-10, and CRP) is used, and to compare them with control patients without BV measurement. Secondary objectives: Qualitative evaluation of indication as well as adherence to the test result. Comparison of antimicrobial therapy, performed diagnostics, hospitalization, and outcomes between patients with high BV score (bacterial) and patients with low BV score (viral).
The Effectiveness of Temple Stay in Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Irritable Bowel SyndromeMicrobial ColonizationThis research is a clinical trial aimed at improving the gut microbiome of patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) through a temple stay experience. Participants in the study are expected to participate in a temple stay experience for a maximum of 8 days. During the temple stay experience, participants are required to fill out a daily symptom questionnaire related to irritable bowel syndrome and record their diet and bowel movements using a dedicated mobile application. Upon completion of the temple stay, participants will conduct an evaluation of personal satisfaction with the experience. Through this, the study aims to collect and analyze data related to the Templestay experience with the goal of improving the gut microbiome of patients with IBS.
Evaluation of the Prevalence of Oral HPV Infection in Patients Who Are Positive to the PAP-test...
HPV InfectionThe present cross-sectional study aims to assess the prevalence and type distribution of oral HPV infection in PAP-test-positive women aged ≥18 years. The means used in the present study will be the use of anamnestic questionnaires and exfoliative cytology tests at predetermined oral mucosal sites (lingual belly and dorsum, palate, and buccal mucosa).
Evaluation of Extubation Criteria in Children With Upper Respiratory Infection (URI)
Upper Respiratory Tract InfectionsThe investigators are currently completing a data collection to try to optimize pediatric patients' preoperative screening, in the setting of an upper respiratory infection.
COVID-19 and Pregnancy Outcomes
Coronavirus InfectionPregnancy Complications3 moreThis is a multicenter prospective study that aims to investigate the clinical impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnant women, pregnancy outcomes and perinatal transmission.
The Microbiome of Oesophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Esophageal CancerMicrobial ColonizationThis is a prospective study on the microbiota associated with oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Patients with newly diagnosed SCC of oesophagus would be recruited for taking samples of oral and oesophageal rinse, tissue biopsies for investigation of the microbiota of oesophageal cancer. Control patients would be identified from patients scheduled for routine endoscopy.