Active clinical trials for "Communicable Diseases"

Multicenter cohort study of individuals reporting behavioral risks of HIV acquisition, recruited among those presenting for testing for HIV and other sexually transmitted infections. Overarching goal: to study factors associated with uptake of HIV prevention and (re)testing services in medium-sized cities in Thailand. Primary objective: To estimate the incidence of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (syphilis, chronic hepatitis B and C) among individuals presenting for retesting. Secondary objectives: To evaluate the uptake of pre-exposure prophylaxis To assess retention in the study To evaluate client HIV knowledge To describe HIV prevalence and characteristics of individuals newly diagnosed with HIV To describe characteristics of individuals at risk of HIV infection To assess the quality of the testing and referral services.

A local network is being set up to study the impact of arboviruses in our region. It is committed to a one-health approach, in particular with research without a priori for new viruses hosted among vectors and wildlife. The candidates identified by high throughput sequencing approaches will serve as a basis for the development of serological and molecular tools for their detections. These tools will be used to assess the possible circulation of these new viruses in humans in biological collections created within the framework of this project Arbodocc .

This study aims to observe the impact of COVID-19 infection on the reproductive function and assisted pregnancy outcome of infertile couples undergoing assisted reproductive technology and to determine which factors are related to the clinical pregnancy rate. A multicenter, prospective, observational cohort study was adopted. Infertile couples who met the selection criteria were included in this study, the SAS anxiety self-rating scale was filled out, the basic situation was observed, and blood samples and related tissues were collected for testing. Relevant reproductive function, laboratory, clinical, and psychological indicators were collected, and the correlation between the above indicators and the outcome of the ART-related pregnancy were analyzed.

The goal of this national multicenter prospective cohort study is to learn about the added value of 18F-FDG (18F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose) PET-CT in invasive fungal disease management. The main questions it aims to answer are: Does the use of 18F-FDG PET-CT allow a better characterization of invasive fungal infection (IFI) (performance) compared to the exclusive use of conventional radiological studies in terms of extension/staging and monitoring of response/follow-up ? Does the systematic and protocolized use of 18F-FDG PET-CT in IFI allow a better management of patients with IFI and increase the prognostic value of the initial evaluation? Participants will undergo systematically a 18F-FDG PET-CT as part of the work-up of their invasive fungal disease. Researchers will compare the performance of 18F-FDG PET-CT with standard management without 18F-FDG PET-CT to see if adds value (diagnostic, prognostic, and changes in management).

The spleen is involved in maintaining immunity and plays an important role in the elimination of encapsulated bacteria and parasites. Patients who undergo splenectomy in conjunction with complete CRS for peritoneal malignancy are at risk of overwhelming post-splenectomy infections post-operatively. These patients are therefore administered vaccinations to lower the risk of infections but as they do not completely eliminate the risk, patients are also prescribed prophylactic antibiotics without clear evidence that they are useful in preventing OPSI. The use of prophylactic antibiotics is not without risk with potential short and long-term risks including resistance, interaction with other medication, clostridium difficile infections, fungal infections, other changes to the microbiome and cost. This study will investigate the incidence of OPSI post splenectomy and assess compliance with prophylactic antibiotics. This is an observational study where consented patients will be telephoned at fixed time points which are 1,6,12 weekly and 6 monthly for a period of five years post-operatively. As part of routine care patients will be telephoned by the clinical nurse specialist at weeks 1,6 and 12. In addition to this the research nurse will telephone the patient 6 monthly for a period of 5 years and complete a questionnaire. The research nurse will complete the questionnaire during each telephone call and this should not take more than 20 minutes. At the start of the telephone call, consent will be confirmed each time and the research nurse will check that the patient is still happy to participate before going ahead.

This is a two-way (retrospective+prospective) cohort study of patients with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) and autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) infected with COVID-19. Enrolled PBC and AIH patients in clinical diagnosis and treatment at Beijing Ditan Hospital affiliated with Capital Medical University from January 2021 to December 2023. After enrollment, collect the demography data of patients, the treatment information of PBC and AIH patients, the use of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) and immunosuppressants, COVID-19 vaccination, COVID-19 infection and incidence, clinical symptoms, clinical biochemistry, liver imaging, lung imaging, COVID-19 nucleic acid, COVID-19 antibody, and the incidence and treatment information of COVID-19 from January 2022 to pre enrollment. After enrollment, the corresponding treatment and clinical observation of PBC and AIH were continued, and the occurrence and incidence of COVID-19 infection were observed. For patients with COVID-19 infection during the prospective observation period, COVID-19 infection, onset and treatment were observed, including clinical symptoms, signs, heart, lung imaging, COVID-19, clinical biochemistry, disease degree, virus negative, hospital stay and prognosis. To compare the difference of COVID-19 infection rate, disease severity, clinical biochemical indicators, hospital stay and prognosis between UDCA treated and non UDCA treated patients, and to study the impact of UDCA on the occurrence, incidence and prognosis of COVID-19 infection.

In recent decades, different tests have been recommended by guidelines in the management of first febrile urinary tract infection (fUTI) in children, including kidney ultrasound (KUS), cystography (VCUG) and renal scintigraphy in order to exclude underlying kidney anomalies. The majority of guidelines, continue to recommend a routine KUS for all children at the first fUTI. On the other hand, as this approach is not based on robust evidence, other guidelines suggest that KUS should only be performed on selected patients according to specific risks. Despite being a non-invasive and radiation-free method, KUS tests negative in 83% of cases of fUTIs and possesses low specificity for low grade vesico-ureteral reflux (VUR). Since VUR is the most commonly associated renal malformation with UTI, it is evident that all the guidelines focus on the research of VUR, especially in times when antenatal ultrasound allows to screen for major congenital anomalies of kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT). However, VUR-associated nephropathy appears to be related to primary dysplastic damage rather than to be secondary to the reflux itself and not preventable from antibiotic prophylaxis in terms of recurrence and of kidney scar. To reduce the number of normal VCUGs performed, recent evidence regarding VUR suggests that the presence of pathogens different from E. coli and UTI recurrence may help to identify children who necessitate further investigations. A preliminary retrospective monocentric study enrolling all patients aged 2 to 36 months diagnosed with first fUTI who subsequently underwent US evaluation of the kidneys and urinary tract, found that atypical germ and recurrence of UTI exhibits a 85% sensitivity to detect pathological ultrasound. The aim of this multicentric study is to prospectively evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the presence of atypical germ combined with the recurrence of UTI in predicting the positivity of KUS in children aged 2 months to 3 years old with first episode of fUTI

The DepIST-H study, funded by the French AIDS and Hepatitis Research Agency (ANRS), is to estimate prevalence (the number of cases over a given period of time) and incidence (the number of new cases over a given period of time) of anal lesions (condylomas, dysplasia, cancers) by HIV status among MSM in Lomé, Togo

Invasive filamentous fungal infections (aspergillosis, scedosporiosis, mucormycosis, fusarium wilt) are frequent and serious in immunocompromised individuals and especially in organ transplant patients. There is little recent data in liver transplantation, especially on the incidence and risk factors of fungal infections

Group B Streptococcus (GBS) infection is a potential aetiology of meningitis and septicemia in neonates, pregnant women and non-pregnant adults. Because the GBS disease burden is unknown in Malaysia, it is unlikely to receive much attention. This study aims to determine the prevalence of group B streptococcus isolated from non-pregnant adults, the Incidence, case-fatality ratio, antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, serotyping, genotyping and detection of the GBS virulence and pili genes from six major hospitals in Peninsular Malaysia.