Active clinical trials for "Inflammation"

Dietary incorporation of pulse crops may be an effective way to lower unhealthy elevations in serum bile acids. These elevations play a direct role in promoting obesity-related diseases estimated to be present in about one third of the US adult population, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes. The overarching hypothesis for this study is that pulse consumption increases bile acid secretion and excretion, which will decrease toxicity linked to excess accumulation of bile in the liver, improve metabolism, and lower resulting levels of bile acids in the serum. In direct alignment with the USDA-AFRI Food, Safety, Nutrition, and Health priority to address obesity and related chronic disease with increased fruit and vegetable consumption and also with the American Pulse Association call to investigate the impact of regular pulse consumption on human physical well- being, the long-term research goal of this study is to establish effective and practical therapeutic strategies utilizing dietary incorporation of pulse crops to prevent or reverse obesity driven diseases. The specific objectives in this proposal are to: determine the impact of acute lentil ingestion on serum postprandial bile acid responses and composition in a human cohort with obesity, and determine the impact of daily lentil consumption for 12 weeks on serum fasting and postprandial bile acid concentrations and composition in an overweight or obese cohort with elevated postprandial triglycerides. This proposal is being submitted in response to the American Pulse Association commodity board sponsored topic of investigating the impact pulse crop consumption on health.

Periodontal diseases are a public health burden in all countries. Hence, Periodontitis is the sixth-most prevalent disease in the world, the most common bone diseases in human and the primary cause for tooth loss in adults leading to significant economic and medical consequences. All disease biomarkers could help to stratify the general population with those at high risk of periodontitis and to enroll them in a rigorous prevention program. Advanced periodontitis has been shown to reduce the quality of life of patients and developing novel biological monitoring protocols will reduce the prevalence of advanced forms of the disease. There are alot of research explaining the different types of inflammatory mediators that could be found in periodontitis patients. But there are a few research have been talking about lipoxin A4 as an inflammatory biomarker that could detect the effect of non surgical periodontal therapy effect on the periodontal health. And the aim of the study is to assess the effect of this non surgical periodontal therapy on the periodontal health by assessing the concentration of this biomarker.

Deployment of military personnel has been associated with increased respiratory illness likely due, in part, to inhalation of unusual particulate matter (PM), such as from burn pits. Inflammation is a key initial response to inhaled particulates. The investigator has developed a protocol using inhaled wood smoke particles (WSP) as a way to study PM-induced airway inflammation. Exposure to wood smoke particles causes symptoms, even in healthy people, such as eye irritation, cough, shortness of breath, and increased mucous production. The purpose of this research study is to see if a single treatment of inhaled hypertonic saline (HS) can diminish this PM-induced airway inflammation by rapidly clearing the WSP inhaled particles from airway surfaces. The exposure will be 500 ug/m³ of WSP for 2 hours, with intermittent exercise on a bicycle and rest. The wood is burned in a typical wood stove and piped into the chamber.

While 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) imaging has been used as an early marker of drug efficacy in numerous clinical cardiovascular drug trials, as a glucose analog, its signal in the vasculature lacks inflammatory cell-specificity. Moreover, high background 18F-FDG signals from the myocardium often preclude coronary artery imaging, despite attempts to suppress myocardial tracer uptake by dietary manipulation. These limitations of 18F-FDG for measuring changes in vascular inflammation arising from drug intervention highlight important unmet needs, which might be overcome by using a somatostatin receptor subtype-2 (SST2) PET tracer.

The of study is to increase the effectiveness of orthopedic rehabilitation of patients with postoperative jaw defects using various types of replacement structures, taking into account the clinical and morphofunctional characteristics of oral tissues after surgery.

COPAS pilot is a pilot single center double blinded randomized study to determine the effect of targeted anti-inflammation therapy using colchicine, on valvular calcification activity using imaging, i.e. aortic valvular NaF uptake. The current proposal uses a randomized design to evaluate the effect of colchicine vs. placebo on valvular calcification activity over 6 months measured using NaF PET

This study will investigate the gut microbiota-mediated effects of whole wheat consumption on human health in adults with pre-diabetes. Participants will complete two phases of intervention in random order in which they will consume either whole wheat bread (4 servings) or white bread a day for two weeks prior to collecting specimens (stool, urine, and plasma/serum).

Over 30 million Americans are currently affected by osteoarthritis (OA), with prevalence expected to increase 40% by 2025 as a result of the aging population and obesity epidemic. Specifically, symptomatic knee OA is a leading cause of disability. Although originally classified as non-inflammatory arthritis, recent studies suggest that a relationship exists between joint inflammation and OA. Specifically, the complex interaction between sites of local tissue damage and immune cells leads to a state of chronic joint inflammation which may play a key role in disease pathogenesis. The evidence suggesting a role of inflammation in disease progression makes anti-inflammatory agents ideal candidates for symptom management. Astaxanthin, a keto-carotenoid present in many aquatic animals, including salmon, shrimp, and lobster, is an FDA-approved nutraceutical that has powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties coupled with remarkable safety and tolerability. This prospective, blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled pilot study will evaluate the effect of astaxanthin in reducing inflammation, controlling pain, and improving physical function in patients with advanced knee osteoarthritis awaiting total joint replacement surgery. Levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines will be measured following the completion of a daily oral regimen of astaxanthin vs. placebo. Additionally, patient-reported outcome measurements assessing physical function and pain interference will be obtained prior to and following completion of treatment allowing for a comparison between treatment groups. Study outcomes will provide evidence to support astaxanthin supplementation as a cost-effective, added strategy for symptom management in patients with advanced osteoarthritis.

Surgical extraction of retained lower third molars is associated with the development of postoperative complications, including inflammation, trismus and postoperative pain, that lead to a decrease in patients' quality of life. Therefore, the use of drugs is essential to reduce the morbidity associated with surgery, with NSAIDs and corticosteroids being the most commonly used drugs.

A multi-centre, prospective study to study cytokine profiles and other potential disease-specific biomarkers in patients with presumed or confirmed diseases of systemic inflammation The goal of this prospective, observational study is to describe the longitudinal evolution of blood cytokine profiles in patients with presumed or confirmed diseases of systemic inflammation The main questions it aims to answer are: What are the differences and similarities in blood cytokines between different patients and groups presenting symptoms of systemic inflammatory conditions? How is the cytokine profile of individual patients evolving over time and what is the effect of different therapeutics? Is cytokine profiling a valuable tool to diagnose and follow-up on patients with systemic inflammatory conditions? Participants will be asked to give an additional blood volume for research purposes when blood sampling is performed for routine clinical purposes. A subset of patients (those initiated on biologicals) will also be asked to complete questionnaires. Researchers will compare the blood cytokines profiles between the different groups of systemic inflammatory conditions and with healthy individuals.