Active clinical trials for "Inflammation"

To investigate the relationship between dietary fiber and cardiovascular inflammatory markers.

To investigate how inflammation, hemostasis, and stress may contribute to neighborhood and individual-level socioeconomic differences in cardiovascular risk.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate levels of inflammatory mediators in children at risk for cardiovascular disease due to family history. We are measuring inflammatory markers in two groups of children and their parents: children with a family history of early atherosclerotic heart disease (cases), and healthy children without such a family history (controls). The design is a cross-sectional study, gathering a fasting blood sample and clinical and behavioral data on children and a parent.

An observational study to determine the effect of APC and Epo in reducing the systemic inflammatory response during severe sepsis.

The purpose of the study is to find correlations between non-invasive fecal tests of intestinal inflammation and macro- and microscopic evaluation of duodenal and colonic histology, disaccharidase activity, and intestinal permeability in children with autism.

This study is a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, two-arm trial of N=94 apparently healthy men and women to be recruited at a single investigational center in Northeast Ohio. Subjects will attend three study visits. During Visit 1, subjects will be screened for participation (i.e., medical history, physical exam, routine blood work, background baseline diet). Over the next 12 weeks, subjects will attend Visits 2 (baseline) and 3 (week 12), wherein assessments of body weight, waist circumference, urinary ketones, serum glucose, insulin, liver enzymes as well as other biomarkers of metabolic health, quality of life (SF-36 questionnaire), and various visual analog scales (VAS) for appetite, satiety, and cravings will be made.

Revision surgery after total hip or knee arthroplasty is an ongoing issue due to an increasing number of primary surgeries. Patients seek physicians due to pain. The cause is divided between loosening, infection or chronic pain. Some are operated on the suspicion of a chronic infection. However, postoperative microbiological testing does not always correlate with the suspicion and the operation may have been superfluous. The objective is to employ a highly advanced diagnostic algorithm based on state of the art diagnostic techniques in order to improve the basis of preoperative diagnosis. Through this approach treatment can be given according to the causal problem.

Pulmonary contusion (PC) is a significant problem after blunt trauma that may often lead to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and in some patients, death. Although the pathophysiology is incompletely understood, it is clear that there is a biochemical process involving changes in the inflammatory milieu after contusion which occurs in addition to simple direct mechanical injury to the lung. The relationship of severity of contusion on imaging, disturbances in the inflammatory phenotype, and outcome is unknown. This is a prospective, observational study which will evaluate the size and severity of contusion as measured on chest computed tomography (CT). Inflammatory mediators will be measured in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and in the serum of patients with pulmonary contusion to define the inflammatory nature of the post-contusion lung. The degree of abnormality within the inflammatory parameters will be correlated with lung contusion size and subsequent patient outcomes. These data will be compared to other patient groups: 1) Trauma patients without chest injury who are mechanically ventilated; 2) Uninjured patients undergoing elective surgical procedures that will require intubation and mechanical ventilation; 3) Patients in the Medical ICU who are mechanically ventilated with acute respiratory failure. The hypothesis tested within this study is resolution of lung injury is dependent upon the presence of Tregs in the alveolar space.

Platelets are increasingly recognized as a potent and ubiquitously present source of inflammatory activation. Importantly, antiplatelet therapy has been shown to significantly reduce major adverse events such as renal injury in cardiac surgery patients. However, in current practice, concerns of excessive bleeding-not platelet activation and thrombosis-shape clinical decisions. The investigators have recently seen, that a significant drop in platelet numbers following cardiac surgery is associated with increased mortality and risk of acute kidney injury. The investigators hypothesize that such thrombocytopenia is a result of excessive perioperative platelet activation and resultant release of inflammatory and tissue injurious signals by activated platelets. Platelet activation will be characterized during and after cardiac surgery and examine its correlation with inflammatory responses and perioperative end-organ injury.

The aim of this study is to compare purification efficiency of HFR in terms of clearance of protein-bound toxins and the effects on markers of inflammation and endothelial damage, in comparison to HF-HD and OL-HDF.