Active clinical trials for "Inflammation"

In the last 40 years of HIV history, we have managed to attain most of our therapeutic objectives, namely virological suppression of most patients and sufficient immune reconstitution. Still, immune activation and inflammation persist and even if they decrease on ART (AntiRetroviral Treatment), they do not disappear and may be associated to multiple non-AIDS related comorbidities. In this population structural and functional modifications of GALT (Gut Associated Lymphoïd Tissue) are observed early after HIV infection and persist despite virological suppression on ART. Moreover, imbalance of the gut microbiota which is called dysbiosis may participate in persistent activation and therefore enhancement of residual HIV viral replication. GALT modifications are associated with microbial translocation that is also correlated with immune activation and dysbiosis. Up to now, there is no evidence of a differential impact on inflammation, immune activation or cellular reservoirs of different ART regimens. Long-Acting (LA) regimens could theoretically display better inflammatory profile, since they have a better tissue distribution and could act more efficiently on HIV reservoirs. On the other hand, LA's direct administration shunting the gut passage could also contribute to less gut dysbiosis. The objective of our study is to assess impact on plasma biomarkers, cell-surface biomarkers, intestinal microbiota and cellular reservoirs of a switch from an oral dual or triple anti-integrase-based therapy ART regimen including an anti-integrase compared to a Long-Acting (LA) injectable treatment.

The overall aim of the TEMPUS-FUGIT study is to assess gut microbiota composition in older persons without sarcopenia and to determine the relationship with and between intestinal and systemic inflammation and with sarcopenia-defining parameters (muscle mass, muscle strength and physical performance). The gut microbiota of older persons without sarcopenia (included in TEMPUS-FUGIT) will be compared with the gut microbiota of older people with sarcopenia, participating in the Exercise and Nutrition for Healthy AgeiNg (ENHANce) study (NCT03649698).

It is a non-pharmacological (biological), spontaneous observational study. The main objective is to evaluate the correlation between inflammation markers and local adiposity, clinical risk factors and their possible variation following an AF ablation procedure

This study will improve our understanding of the mechanisms underlying anorexia in persons with Crohn's disease flare-ups. The practical spin-off from this research is potentially very important for the management of nutritional disorders associated with the disease by guiding diets towards foods that correspond to patients' preferences and/or to modified tastes. In addition, the results could lead to the identification of sensory markers that herald an inflammatory flare-up of the disease.

The objective of this study is to evaluate oxidative stress and/or inflammation in patients with Gaucher disease type I using a series of biomarkers and correlate with measurements of currently used diagnostic biomarkers.

This is a cross sectional case controlled study to assess lung microbiome and inflammation in smokers with and without Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Investigators will look at active bacterial metabolic pathways in the lower airways using metagenomic and metabolomic approaches an assess relationships among microbiome, metagenome, metabolome and host immune responses in COPD and controls. Investigators believe COPD cases will have higher prevalence of pneumotype supraglottic predominant taxa (SPT) than matched controls.

Recent studies have revealed an association between history of suicide attempt and inflammatory markers in both the cerebrospinal fluid and the plasma. Post mortem studies have shown an increase in microglial activation in the brain tissue of suicide victims. However the relationship between peripheral and central inflammation in suicide is probably mediated by complex biological processes that are yet elucidated. An increase of blood S100B levels (biomarker of neurovascular damage; PMID 14530574) has been reported in adolescents with suicidal ideation vs. controls and independently of psychiatric disorder. The investigators hypothesize that peripheral inflammation may alter the blood brain barrier, which normally acts as a filter to ensure proper neuronal functioning, in suicidal patients. They propose to investigate peripheral inflammation, neurovascular permeability and miRNAs in suicidal behavior pathophysiology as biomarkers of suicidal behavior in depression

The purpose of this study is to test the feasibility i. e. to examine all aspects necessary for the implementation of a future randomized clinical trial that aims to determine whether non-surgical periodontal treatment can be improved by concomitant intake of vitamin D.

In a double-blinded, randomized, parallel controlled design, patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorder will be exposed to a single dose of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (LPS-patient). Clinical symptoms, blood samples, and brain imaging will be assessed at baseline and after LPS. There will be two comparison groups. Comparison groups include an age- and sex-matched healthy control group also exposed to the same LPS (LPS-control), and an age- and sex-matched sample of patients with schizophrenia on placebo (Placebo-patient). As in Phase I studies, multiple interim analyses are expected so the current design may be modified, which will be communicated during annual reports (21CFR312.30).

Effects of acute intermittent hypoxia on brain function imaging and systemic inflammation Patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSAS) may have neurological cognitive impairment. The reason is not clear. Intermittent hypoxia is one of the main manifestations of OSAS. The investigators hypothesize that acute intermittent hypoxia (AIH) can lead to abnormal metabolic activity in some regions of the brain, which may be associated with systemic inflammation. The investigators proposed in 12 to 15 cases of healthy volunteers, in the form of breathing in the nitrogen intermittently, were observed before and after AIH MRI diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) changes in brain regions and at the same time understand the inflammatory factors and the change of oxidative stress in the human body. The investigators look at the data from different brain regions of the brain DTI anisotropic score (FA), radial diffusion coefficient (RD), axial diffusion coefficient (AD) and peripheral blood interleukin-6 (IL - 6), interleukin-8 (IL - 8), interleukin-10(IL - 10), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), Leptin, high sensitivity reactive protein‭‬‬‬‬(hsCRP), Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1(ICAM 1),Vascular cell adhesion protein 1(VCAM-1) , E-selectin, endothelin-1(ET - 1), 8-iso-PGF2α,3-nitrotyrosine(3-NT),hypoxia-inducible factor 1α(HIF 1α). Statistical data processing includes: the matching t test of the above indicators before and after AIH; The relationship between DTI and peripheral blood inflammatory factors was analyzed by single factor. Using DTI as the dependent variable, the peripheral blood inflammatory factor was analyzed by multifactor correlation. Ultimately, the effect of AIH on the brain's regional functions will be understood, and whether the effect is related to systemic inflammation.