Active clinical trials for "Insulin Resistance"

The purpose of this study was to determine whether dual treatment with metformin and alogliptin is more effective than treatment with metformin, alogliptin and pioglitazone in the treatment of obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) regarding insulin resistance and beta cell function.

This study will evaluate whether bile acids are able to increase insulin sensitivity and enhance glycemic control in T2DM patients, as well as exploring the mechanisms that enhance glycemic control. These observations will provide the preliminary data for proposing future therapeutic as well as further mechanistic studies of the role of bile acids in the control of glycemia in T2DM.

The Insulin Sensitivity using Aerobic Interval Conditioning (ISAIC) trial will compare traditional aerobic training (AER) to interval training (INT) in sedentary, overweight/obese men at risk for pre-diabetes. The investigators will randomly assign 42 individuals to 3 months of monitored exercise using a randomly assisgned design where participants will exercise under either AER or INT training conditions. The AER training condition will be consistent with "standard-of-care" recommendations. Exercise training will entail one 3-month blocks of either AER or INT. Training will consist of 1) a 1-month ramp up period, 2) 1-month of traditional aerobic training and 3) 1-month of either continued AER or INT.

This study is being done to understand the effects of dietary omega-3 fats on insulin sensitivity in adult men and women.

Childhood obesity is a rapidly growing epidemic in the US and the world. Current estimates suggest that 30% of our nation's children are either overweight ot obese. Obesity is a major risk factor towards the development of insulin resistance, which, in turn is a major risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes. Prior research has suggested that vitamin D therapy may be a safe, inexpensive, and effective method of reducing insulin resistance and a person's risk of developing diabetes. The investigators' prior studies have shown that daily 4,000 IU vitamin D therapy is a safe and effective method of improving insulin resistance based on a calculation called the HOMA-IR. The next step in identifying whether vitamin D truly improves insulin resistance is to use oral glucose tolerance testing (OGTT), which is a better real-life measure of insulin resistance compared to the previously used HOMA-IR.

Background:Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the major cause of mortality in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients, in whom it is partly attributable to a higher prevalence of dysmetabolism. Currently, few treatments are available with a proven effect on dyslipidemia, insulin resistance and inflammation in this patient group. Study design: Randomized, cross-over trial. Settings and Participants: Prevalent PD patients (>20 years old, s-triglycerides >1.8 mmol/L) who had never received glitazones were enrolled. Interventions: Participants were randomized to receive either oral pioglitazone (PIO; 15 mg once daily) and no pioglitazone, both for 12 weeks and in random order, with a four-week wash out in between. Outcomes and measurements: The primary endpoint was change of serum triglyceride (TG) level during the PIO as compared to no PIO. Secondary endpoints included changes in other lipid levels, HOMA-IR, adipocytokines and CRP. Outcome effects were assessed using a GLM.

Insulin has a direct effect on the energy metabolism of the brain under basal conditions and has an effect on the hepatic glucose production, lipid metabolism and the secretion of various hormone. The effect of intranasal insulin on peripheral metabolism in humans supposedly is mediated by the vagus nerve. The purpose of this study is to determine whether central insulin influences the human peripheral insulin sensitivity of liver and muscle and whether vagus nerve stimulation can mimick this effect.

Insulin resistance is often complicated with hypertension. AGE and inflammation play important roles in insulin resistance. Some studies reported that pioglitazone, insulin sensitizer, is effective for patients with insulin resistance, however, the mechanisms are still unclear. The aim of this study to evaluate the effect of pioglitazone compared with glimepiride on AGE, inflammatory cytokines and cardiac markers (BNP and echo) in hypertensive patients during oral glucose tolerance test.

The purpose of this study are twofold: To understand the effects of physical inactivity (sedentarism) on vascular function, insulin resistance and inflammation; To assess the role of a dietary intervention (fish oil) in counteracting the effects of physical inactivity on vascular function and inflammation.

The purpose of this study is to determine whether metformin is effective in reducing BMI and insulin resistance in obese children and adolescents.