Active clinical trials for "Insulin Resistance"

The focus of this proposal is to define the mechanism by which bariatric surgery acutely improves insulin sensitivity. Our central hypothesis is that drastically reduced caloric intake early after Bariatric surgery improves the pro-inflammatory profile of macrophages, which in turn improves insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis.

This study is being done to understand the effects of dietary omega-3 fats on insulin sensitivity in adult men and women.

Background:Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the major cause of mortality in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients, in whom it is partly attributable to a higher prevalence of dysmetabolism. Currently, few treatments are available with a proven effect on dyslipidemia, insulin resistance and inflammation in this patient group. Study design: Randomized, cross-over trial. Settings and Participants: Prevalent PD patients (>20 years old, s-triglycerides >1.8 mmol/L) who had never received glitazones were enrolled. Interventions: Participants were randomized to receive either oral pioglitazone (PIO; 15 mg once daily) and no pioglitazone, both for 12 weeks and in random order, with a four-week wash out in between. Outcomes and measurements: The primary endpoint was change of serum triglyceride (TG) level during the PIO as compared to no PIO. Secondary endpoints included changes in other lipid levels, HOMA-IR, adipocytokines and CRP. Outcome effects were assessed using a GLM.

The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the efficacy on insulin sensitivity of GFT505 at 80mg/d in male patients with insulin resistance and abdominal obesity. Evaluation will be made using a glucose clamp technique.

Insulin has a direct effect on the energy metabolism of the brain under basal conditions and has an effect on the hepatic glucose production, lipid metabolism and the secretion of various hormone. The effect of intranasal insulin on peripheral metabolism in humans supposedly is mediated by the vagus nerve. The purpose of this study is to determine whether central insulin influences the human peripheral insulin sensitivity of liver and muscle and whether vagus nerve stimulation can mimick this effect.

The purpose of this study are twofold: To understand the effects of physical inactivity (sedentarism) on vascular function, insulin resistance and inflammation; To assess the role of a dietary intervention (fish oil) in counteracting the effects of physical inactivity on vascular function and inflammation.

Insulin resistance is often complicated with hypertension. AGE and inflammation play important roles in insulin resistance. Some studies reported that pioglitazone, insulin sensitizer, is effective for patients with insulin resistance, however, the mechanisms are still unclear. The aim of this study to evaluate the effect of pioglitazone compared with glimepiride on AGE, inflammatory cytokines and cardiac markers (BNP and echo) in hypertensive patients during oral glucose tolerance test.

Purple Sweet Potato juice (PSP-juice) is a juice based on purple-fleshed sweet potato concentrate, containing a high level of anthocyanins. Purple-fleshed sweet potatoes have attracted attention to industry and scientists due to multiple physiological functions such as radical-scavenging, ACE-inhibitory and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities in vitro, and also hepato-protective, antihypertensive and antihyperglycemic effects in vivo. Previous studies in Japanese subjects showed potential beneficial effects of PSP beverages on liver function and blood pressure in volunteers with impaired hepatic function and/or hypertension. The main objective of this study is to examine the effect of PSP-juice on liver enzymes and blood pressure. The secondary objective is to examine the effects of PSP-juice juice on insulin resistance.

This research is to investigate the nutritional supplement chromium picolinate. A large number of people use chromium picolinate from health food stores to improve the function of the hormone insulin. The investigators are testing how effective this supplement is and are also monitoring its safety. In patients with diabetes, chromium has been shown to increase sensitivity to the hormone insulin. Since obesity can cause insensitivity or resistance to insulin, the investigators are studying obese individuals with documented insulin resistance. The investigators would like to know if chromium is also effective in treating the insulin resistance associated with obesity.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of 12 weeks' increased daily physical activity versus diet restriction on regional fat distribution, insulin sensitivity and adipokines including retinol binding protein-4 (RBP-4), leptin, adiponectin, and a new marker, adiponectin to leptin ratio (AL ratio), in type 2 diabetic women.