Active clinical trials for "Insulin Resistance"

This study will evaluate whether bile acids are able to increase insulin sensitivity and enhance glycemic control in T2DM patients, as well as exploring the mechanisms that enhance glycemic control. These observations will provide the preliminary data for proposing future therapeutic as well as further mechanistic studies of the role of bile acids in the control of glycemia in T2DM.

The purpose of this study is to determine whether pharmacologic inhibition of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) with eritoran for injection (E5564) prevents lipid-induced insulin resistance in lean, normal glucose tolerant (NGT) subjects.

This is a single center, prospective randomized double blind, parallel and placebo controlled study to evaluate oxidative stress and inflammation before and after treatment with linagliptin for 12 weeks. We will also, testing whether Linagliptin is an insulin sensitizer.

The purpose of this study is to determine whether metformin is effective in reducing BMI and insulin resistance in obese children and adolescents.

The purpose of the study is to examine whether a medication called acipimox can improve your body's mitochondria. Mitochondria are the "power house" of the cell and make energy for your body. Obesity is associated with increased risk for developing diabetes. However, the investigators do not know how obesity leads to diabetes. Previous studies have shown levels of fat in the blood (free fatty acids or FFA) are higher in obesity, and elevated FFA can affect how our body uses glucose and responds to insulin. Recent studies have shown that changes in mitochondria may be involved in the development of diabetes and may be affected by FFA. The investigators propose to improve the function of mitochondria in obese people with pre-diabetes by treating with acipimox, a medication which decreases FFA. The investigators will use state of the art techniques to evaluate the mitochondria, including a new magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique to measure function of mitochondria in muscle.

The purpose of this study is to see how an insulin sensitizing medication, Pioglitazone, can cause changes in mood in some depressed patients. Study participants receive assessment of their cognitive and metabolic functioning. If they meet criteria, they will be asked to take either Pioglitazone or a placebo for a 90-day trial. Participants will undergo an Oral Glucose Tolerance Test to measure fasting insulin and glucose levels, as well as routine blood testing. The investigators hope to quantify the role of Pioglitazone in patients with mood disorders and compare the values to those previously obtained in a healthy age-matched control population. The investigators also hope to examine the association between IR and cognitive performance and clinical course of depression in patients with mood disorders.

The study searched for answers to two questions Is there endothelial dysfunction, inflammation and insulin resistance in patients with congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism? What is the effect of testosterone replacement therapy on endothelial dysfunction, inflammation and insulin resistance?

The purpose of this randomized trial is to clarify the role of enteral nutrition (EN) on the relationship between cardiopulmonary bypass-induced inflammation and insulin resistance by investigating the effects of two different feeding strategies in infants following cardiac surgery. The study's primary objective is to determine if early and higher volume feeding modifies the relationship between the severity of postoperative systemic inflammation and insulin resistance.

Thickening of the heart muscle (left ventricle) known medically as Left Ventricular Hypertrophy (LVH) is very common in patients with heart disease. This increases risk of cerebrovascular/cardiovascular event. LVH is asymptomatic and managed by the use of medication to control blood pressure, however LVH may be seen in normotensive patients where factors such as obesity and insulin resistance are present. Insulin resistance is a condition where although the body produces insulin it is unable to utilize it effectively. Metformin, a drug used to treat diabetes, can reduce insulin resistance and cause weight loss, it may therefore improve LVH. This study will investigate the ability of metformin to reduce LVH in patients with heart disease, this may be a novel way forward in the risk reduction of cerebrovascular/cardiovascular events. Participants will be identified throughout NHS Tayside, those eligible will be randomly allocated to either metformin or a dummy medication (placebo) and will receive one year of treatment. At the beginning of the study, the thickness of the heart muscle will be measured by ultrasound scan and cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging (cMRI). We will also perform non-invasive tests to measure blood vessel function. These tests will be repeated after one year. At the end of the study, we will investigate the difference between placebo treatment and metformin treatment. This study is funded by the British Heart Foundation.

Childhood obesity is a rapidly growing epidemic in the US and the world. Current estimates suggest that 30% of our nation's children are either overweight ot obese. Obesity is a major risk factor towards the development of insulin resistance, which, in turn is a major risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes. Prior research has suggested that vitamin D therapy may be a safe, inexpensive, and effective method of reducing insulin resistance and a person's risk of developing diabetes. The investigators' prior studies have shown that daily 4,000 IU vitamin D therapy is a safe and effective method of improving insulin resistance based on a calculation called the HOMA-IR. The next step in identifying whether vitamin D truly improves insulin resistance is to use oral glucose tolerance testing (OGTT), which is a better real-life measure of insulin resistance compared to the previously used HOMA-IR.