Active clinical trials for "Insulin Resistance"

This study will investigate the effects of 6 week Nicotinamide Riboside supplementation (1000 mg/day) on metabolic health in healthy (pre)obese humans. The primary objective will be hepatic and whole body insulin sensitivity. Secondary objectives, to provide information about the underlying mechanism, will be muscle mitochondrial function, brown fat activity, ectopic lipid accumulation, energy metabolism, cardiovascular risk parameters, body composition and acetylcarnitine levels.

Recent evidence suggests that there is a directly proportional relationship between diets with a high concentration of antioxidants and the reduction of blood pressure and the risk of cardiovascular events. However, there is a gap with regard to research on the effects of these diets on vascular function, especially in humans. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of antioxidant supplementation through the consumption of blueberry, cranberry and pomegranate extract capsules (1 of each per day), the effect of the autonomic balance in hypertensive and normotensive adults.

Background: There is general agreement that statin-treatment of patients to lower plasma cholesterol levels can increase the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) in some individuals1-5. The physiologic mechanism for the increased risk for T2D from statin treatment is unknown but could result from effects on insulin sensitivity or insulin secretion. This study will evaluate how the medication atorvastatin (trade name Lipitor) works in non-diabetic individuals in regards to its effect on insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion to help further understand the possible cause of the increased occurrence of T2D in people who are at risk for T2D. This research study will also examine what metabolic characteristics and variables (for example insulin resistance, high triglycerides, or both) will identify those people at highest risk of statin-induced T2D. The goals of this study are to: determine the effect of high-intensity atorvastatin (40 mg/day) for ~ 10 weeks on insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion (defined with gold standard methods) (PRIMARY OUTCOMES) as well as other glycemic traits (SECONDARY OUTCOMES); compare a number of cardio-metabolic characteristics (e.g. weight, lipids) before, during, and after administration of atorvastatin; determine if significant deterioration of insulin action and/or secretion following statin treatment will be confined to those with baseline insulin resistance (PRE-SPECIFIED SUBGROUP ANALYSES); perform Personal Omics Profiling (iPOP) 6,7 before and after taking atorvastatin to examine treatment-associated changes in all baseline variables and to analyze not only previously-known drug efficacy but also untargeted drug efficacy (EXPLORATORY ANALYSES). General approach: This will be an open-label study to evaluate the diabetogenic effect of atorvastatin (40 mg/day for 10 weeks) on both insulin action and insulin secretion in nondiabetic individuals. To ensure we recruit individuals across a broad range of insulin sensitivity, we will target recruitment to enrich for those with combined increases in LDL-C and TG concentrations (see SIGNIFICANCE and RATIONALE). The experimental population will consist of ~75 apparently healthy, non-diabetic volunteers eligible for statin therapy but without pre-existing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Following baseline assessments of co-primary outcome measures: insulin sensitivity (by insulin suppression test, IST) and insulin secretion (by graded glucose infusion test, GGIT), participants will be placed on a weight maintenance diet and treated with 40 mg/day of atorvastatin. All baseline measurements will be repeated ~10 weeks later with iPOP8 measurements done at baseline, at weeks 2, 4, and 10 on atorvastatin, and at weeks 4 and 8 off atorvastatin.

It has been shown that insulin might be involved in the pathogenesis of thyroid growth. Objective To evaluate the impact of IR and metformin use on the volume of benign thyroid nodules (TNs). Methods A randomized clinical trial to placebo (P) or MTF use. Previous fine needle aspiration confirming the diagnosis is necessary to inclusion. Patients will receive similar tablets of MTF and placebo and instruct to take 3 tablets/day of MTF (500mg/tablet). Thyroid volume, as TN volume, will be assess by ultrasound, both in the beginning, six months and one year after randomization, by the same researcher blinded regarding location group. Blood samples to measure: TSH, FT4, TPO-Ab, lipid profile, glucose and insulin were done after 8h fasting.

In recent years, vitamin D has been shown not only to be important for bone and calcium metabolism but also for homeostasis of critical tissues involved in vascular disease in patients with diabetes. Epidemiological studies indicated the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among Type 2 DM patients and suggest an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and hypertension with low vitamin D levels. The objective of this proposal is to evaluate the effects of vitamin D replacement on blood pressure control and vascular disease in vitamin D deficient hypertensive patients with diabetes

Plasma adiponectin concentration is inversely associated with renal function. There is little literature on adiponectin levels and regulation by antihypertensive medication with an angiotensin II-receptor blocker (ARB), especially in subjects with type 2 diabetes in different stage of chronic kidney disease (CKD).

The main purpose of this project is to investigate the effects of an exercise program on arterial function and cardiovascular diseases risk factors in obese and lean pre-pubertal children. This information will be used to underpin prevention strategies to reduce cardiovascular diseases in overweight youth.

The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of two different non-energy restricted controlled carbohydrate programs with the American Diabetes Associations' diet on glycosylated hemoglobin and other diabetes risk factors in obese adolescents with metabolic syndrome, a constellation of symptoms associated with the development of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.

The aim of the study is to analyze the effects of Lipoic acid and/or EPA supplementation on weight loss, lipid profile, insulin resistance, oxidative and inflammation parameters, metabolomic profile as well as on adipose tissue gene profile in healthy overweight/obese subjects following an energy-restricted diet.

Randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial of vitamin D supplementation (cholecalciferol, 4,000 IU/day for 6 months, in 104 postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The objective was to evaluate the effect of vitamin D supplementation on C-reactive protein (CRP) and insulin resistance in women with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The trial was conducted from March to October 2008 at the Hospital of the Mexican Social Security in Cuernavaca, Mexico.